Classification and application of metal-based nanoantioxidants in medicine and healthcare

• Nguyen Nhat Nam,
• Nguyen Khoi Song Tran,
• Tan Tai Nguyen,
• Nguyen Ngoc Trai,
• Nguyen Phuong Thuy,
• Hoang Dang Khoa Do,
• Nhu Hoa Thi Tran and
• Kieu The Loan Trinh

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 396–415, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.36

• homeostasis in tumors through a series of cascade reactions but also establish cyclic regeneration of relevant substrates. Another study combined MnO2 nanoparticles with bovine serum albumin (BSA) to obtain GPx activity [47]. The in vitro results showed excellent biocompatibility of the MnO2-BSA nanoparticles

• sites. In this regard, nanomaterials exhibit CAT-like activity with the ability to generate O2 from H2O2 to increase the performance of PDT and PTT in tumors. For example, nano-MnO2 with acid-/redox-responsive properties could decompose acidic H2O2 at the tumor sites by exhibiting CAT activity [168

Recent progress in cancer cell membrane-based nanoparticles for biomedical applications

• Qixiong Lin,
• Yueyou Peng,
• Yanyan Wen,
• Xiaoqiong Li,
• Donglian Du,
• Weibin Dai,
• Wei Tian and
• Yanfeng Meng

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 262–279, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.24

• incorporated surface-modified PD-L1 inhibitory peptide and MMP2 substrate peptide [54]. Manganese oxide (MnO2)-based NPs function as MRI imaging agents and can also utilize Fenton-like reactions to deplete GSH and generate •OH to mediate tumor cell death [123]. In the work of Fu et al., a hollow MnO2 NP-based

Progress and innovation of nanostructured sulfur cathodes and metal-free anodes for room-temperature Na–S batteries

• Marina Tabuyo-Martínez,
• Bernd Wicklein and
• Pilar Aranda

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 995–1020, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.75

• , polysulfides are converted to polythionate [O3S2–(S)x−2–S2O3] complexes bound to the electrode surface, which inhibits the shuttle effect [12]. A similar electrochemical mechanism has been reported by Kumar et al. [51] based on XPS analyses. The results show that the interaction between MnO2 and long-chain

• polysulfides is not only electrostatic but also involves surface redox reactions. The polysulfides are oxidized to thiosulfate by MnO2 while Mn(IV) is reduced to Mn(III) and Mn(II). Afterwards, the formed thiosulfate interacts with long-chain polysulfides and converts them into short-chain polysulfides. The

Rational design of block copolymer self-assemblies in photodynamic therapy

• Maxime Demazeau,
• Laure Gibot,
• Anne-Françoise Mingotaud,
• Patricia Vicendo,
• Clément Roux and
• Barbara Lonetti

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 180–212, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.15

• production efficiency was improved. Polymer self-assemblies containing catalase [68] or MnO2 nanoparticles [65][69] have been developed as they can catalytically decompose endogenous H2O2 present in the tumor environment thus increasing the oxygen level in cancer cells. The electrostatic interactions between

• negatively charged catalase or bovine serum albumin and positively charged chitosan or poly(allylamine)-coated MnO2 have been exploited to obtain pH-sensitive nanovectors [68][69]. The low concentration of endogenous H2O2 together with the instability of catalase in physiological environments containing

Facile synthesis of carbon nanotube-supported NiO//Fe₂O₃ for all-solid-state supercapacitors

• Shengming Zhang,
• Xuhui Wang,
• Yan Li,
• Xuemei Mu,
• Yaxiong Zhang,
• Jingwei Du,
• Guo Liu,
• Xiaohui Hua,
• Yingzhuo Sheng,
• Erqing Xie and
• Zhenxing Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1923–1932, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.188

• are widely used in commercial supercapacitors [6][7][8][9]. Although they have a higher capacity than the conventional capacitors, their average energy density is low to about 10 Wh·kg−1 whereas batteries reach 200 Wh·kg−1. Transition metal oxides such as RuO2, MnO2, NiO, and Fe2O3 [10][11][12][13][14

Synthesis of MnO₂–CuO–Fe₂O₃/CNTs catalysts: low-temperature SCR activity and formation mechanism

• Yanbing Zhang,
• Lihua Liu,
• Yingzan Chen,
• Xianglong Cheng,
• Chengjian Song,
• Mingjie Ding and
• Haipeng Zhao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 848–855, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.85

• Coal Salt Resources, Pingdingshan 467000, People′s Republic of China 10.3762/bjnano.10.85 Abstract MnO2–CuO–Fe2O3/CNTs catalysts, as a low-dimensional material, were fabricated by a mild redox strategy and used in denitration reactions. A formation mechanism of the catalysts was proposed. NO

• conversions of 4% MnO2–CuO–Fe2O3/CNTs catalyst of 43.1–87.9% at 80–180 °C were achieved, which was ascribed to the generation of amorphous MnO2, CuO and Fe2O3, and a high surface-oxygen (Os) content. Keywords: amorphous materials; carbon nanotubes; low-dimensional materials; low-temperature catalysis; SCR

• uneconomic and unsafe. Our previous studies, including MnO2–Fe2O3–CeO2–Ce2O3/CNTs [16] and Ce2O3–CeO2–CuO–MnO2/CNTs [17] catalysts, have reported a simple and mild redox method for the preparation of ternary and quaternary catalysts, and the resultant catalysts show outstanding denitration activity at 80–180

A porous 3D-RGO@MWCNT hybrid material as Li–S battery cathode

• Yongguang Zhang,
• Jun Ren,
• Yan Zhao,
• Taizhe Tan,
• Fuxing Yin and
• Yichao Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 514–521, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.52

• sulfur loading is essential for the practical implementation of Li–S batteries [5][6][7]. To overcome the above-mentioned challenges in Li–S batteries, many strategies have been proposed [8][9][10][11][12]. For example, metal oxides, such as TiO2, ZnO, MnO2, and SiO2, were reported to provide active

A Ni(OH)₂ nanopetals network for high-performance supercapacitors synthesized by immersing Ni nanofoam in water

• Donghui Zheng,
• Man Li,
• Yongyan Li,
• Chunling Qin,
• Yichao Wang and
• Zhifeng Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 281–293, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.27

• energy density is approximately three times larger than that of a thin-film lithium ion battery (1–12 mW h/cm3, 4 V/500 μAh) [52] and far exceeds that of a MnO2-Ni(OH)2/AB//active carbon asymmetric supercapacitor (3.62 mWh/cm3 at 11 mW/cm3) [39] and a NiCo-LDH//AC asymmetric capacitor (7.4 mWh/cm3 at 103

Synthesis of a MnO₂/Fe₃O₄/diatomite nanocomposite as an efficient heterogeneous Fenton-like catalyst for methylene blue degradation

• Zishun Li,
• Xuekun Tang,
• Kun Liu,
• Jing Huang,
• Yueyang Xu,
• Qian Peng and
• Minlin Ao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1940–1950, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.185

• .9.185 Abstract Heterogeneous Fenton-like catalysts with the activation of peroxymonosulfate (PMS), which offer the advantages of fast reaction rate, wide functional pH range and cost efficiency, have attracted great interest in wastewater treatment. In this study, a novel magnetic MnO2/Fe3O4/diatomite

• nanocomposite is synthesized and then used as heterogeneous Fenton-like catalyst to degrade the organic pollutant methylene blue (MB) with the activation of PMS. The characterization results show that the Fe3O4 nanoparticles and nanoflower-like MnO2 are evenly distributed layer-by-layer on the surface of

• mineralization rate of about 60% in 60 min and great recyclability with a recycle efficiency of 86.78% after five runs for MB. The probable mechanism of this catalytic system is also proposed as a synergistic effect between MnO2 and Fe3O4. Keywords: diatomite; Fenton-like oxidation; hybrid catalyst; iron(II,III

Nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes coated with zinc oxide nanoparticles as sulfur encapsulator for high-performance lithium/sulfur batteries

• Yan Zhao,
• Zhengjun Liu,
• Liancheng Sun,
• Yongguang Zhang,
• Yuting Feng,
• Xin Wang,
• Indira Kurmanbayeva and
• Zhumabay Bakenov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1677–1685, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.159

• Li/S batteries [5]. Another popular strategy to reduce polysulfides from dissolution is using metal oxides, such as TiO2 [6], ZnO [7], MnO2 [8], and SiO2 [9], as the additives or coating layer in the S-cathode. This is because metal oxides can provide strong binding sites with S and reduce the

Nanoscale electrochemical response of lithium-ion cathodes: a combined study using C-AFM and SIMS

• Jonathan Op de Beeck,
• Nouha Labyedh,
• Alfonso Sepúlveda,
• Valentina Spampinato,
• Alexis Franquet,
• Thierry Conard,
• Philippe M. Vereecken,
• Wilfried Vandervorst and
• Umberto Celano

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1623–1628, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.154

• addition, a comparison is made with pristine electrodeposited MnO2 (thickness roughly 250 nm) before conversion to LMO by solid-state reaction; this is done to have a reference sample that does not contain lithium. The general structure of our samples and the C-AFM setup are schematically shown in Figure

• changes. In Figure 1c–f we show the impact of different (tip-induced) voltage stresses applied under ambient conditions on two electrodeposited cathodes, i.e., MnO2 before (Figure 1c,d) and after lithium insertion (LMO, Figure 1e,f). From the resulting modifications of the current maps (Figure 1d,f) it is

• clear that both films behave very differently. As visible in Figure 1d, MnO2 shows no significant changes in conductivity after stressing with a positive sample bias of 3 V and 5 V. On the contrary, LMO shows a strong increase in the conductivity after the application of 3 V and 5 V relative to the map

A review of carbon-based and non-carbon-based catalyst supports for the selective catalytic reduction of nitric oxide

• Shahreen Binti Izwan Anthonysamy,
• Syahidah Binti Afandi,
• Mehrnoush Khavarian and
• Abdul Rahman Bin Mohamed

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 740–761, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.68

• MnO2 crystalline phase at high loading (1.8%). This suggests that the Mn–Ce particles were evenly distributed on the CNTs. The TEM images specified that the size of Mn–Ce particles were very small crystals and well dispersed on the surface of the MWCNTs. Further analysis was conducted using HRTEM in

• prepared using the other two methods. Interestingly, the MnO2/ACF catalyst prepared by the co-precipitation method appeared to be a promising catalyst, as it can reduce NO at a temperature as low as 25 °C [1]. A similar finding was reported by Sousa et al. [99], where the melamine/AC catalyst prepared by

Synthesis and characterization of electrospun molybdenum dioxide–carbon nanofibers as sulfur matrix additives for rechargeable lithium–sulfur battery applications

• Ruiyuan Zhuang,
• Shanshan Yao,
• Maoxiang Jing,
• Xiangqian Shen,
• Jun Xiang,
• Tianbao Li,
• Kesong Xiao and
• Shibiao Qin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 262–270, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.28

• materials including SiO2 [9], TiO2 [10], MnO2 [11], Mg0.6Ni0.4O [12], TiS2 [13], CoS2 [14], and FeS2 [15] were found to be more highly effective in binding with sulfur species than carbon substrates, and were found to significantly improve the cycling behavior of Li–S batteries. However, these metal oxide

Fabrication of CeO₂–MO_x (M = Cu, Co, Ni) composite yolk–shell nanospheres with enhanced catalytic properties for CO oxidation

• Ling Liu,
• Jingjing Shi,
• Hongxia Cao,
• Ruiyu Wang and
• Ziwu Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2425–2437, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.241

• templates with aqueous KMnO4 solution and subsequent selective washing with HNO3 to remove the residual Ce(OH)CO3 [21]. In another case, well-dispersed MnO2@CeO2–MnO2 and CeO2–CuOx composite hollow spheres were synthesized through a facile reflux method using carbon spheres as sacrificial templates. The

Freestanding graphene/MnO₂ cathodes for Li-ion batteries

• Şeyma Özcan,
• Aslıhan Güler,
• Tugrul Cetinkaya,
• Mehmet O. Guler and
• Hatem Akbulut

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1932–1938, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.193

• Seyma Ozcan Aslihan Guler Tugrul Cetinkaya Mehmet O. Guler Hatem Akbulut Sakarya University, Engineering Faculty, Dept. of Metallurgical & Materials Engineering, Esentepe Campus, 54187, Sakarya, Turkey 10.3762/bjnano.8.193 Abstract Different polymorphs of MnO2 (α-, β-, and γ-) were produced by

• microwave hydrothermal synthesis, and graphene oxide (GO) nanosheets were prepared by oxidation of graphite using a modified Hummers’ method. Freestanding graphene/MnO2 cathodes were manufactured through a vacuum filtration process. The structure of the graphene/MnO2 nanocomposites was characterized using X

• coin cells. The initial specific capacity of graphene/α-, β-, and γ-MnO2 freestanding cathodes was found to be 321 mAhg−1, 198 mAhg−1, and 251 mAhg−1, respectively. Finally, the graphene/α-MnO2 cathode displayed the best cycling performance due to the low charge transfer resistance and higher

Structural properties and thermal stability of cobalt- and chromium-doped α-MnO₂ nanorods

• Romana Cerc Korošec,
• Polona Umek,
• Alexandre Gloter,
• Jana Padežnik Gomilšek and
• Peter Bukovec

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1032–1042, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.104

• Solides, Université Paris Sud, CNRS UMR 8502, F-91405 Orsay, France Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova 17, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia 10.3762/bjnano.8.104 Abstract α-MnO2 nanorods were synthesized via the hydrothermal decomposition of KMnO4 in an acidic environment in the

• presence of Co2+ and Cr3+ ions. Reactions were carried out at three different temperatures: 90, 130 and 170 °C. All prepared samples exhibit a tetragonal MnO2 crystalline phase. SEM–EDS analysis shows that cobalt cations are incorporated to a higher degree into the MnO2 framework than chromium ions, and

• synthesized at 170 °C is significantly lower than in the undoped samples. Analysis of an individual cobalt-doped α-MnO2 nanorod with HAADF-STEM reveals that the distribution of cobalt through the cross-section of the nanorod is uniform. The course of thermal decomposition of the doped nanorods is similar to

Synthesis of graphene–transition metal oxide hybrid nanoparticles and their application in various fields

• Arpita Jana,
• Elke Scheer and
• Sebastian Polarz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 688–714, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.74

• it a promising catalyst for fuel cells. Manganese oxide (MnO, Mn2O3, MnO2, Mn3O4, Mn2O7)–graphene hybrids Pyrolusite (MnO2), hausmanite (Mn3O4) and bixbyite (Mn2O3) are important minerals of manganese. These oxides have attracted great attention because of their environmental benignity and the high

• redox flow batteries [125]. During cycling voltammetry, the almost insulating Mn3O4 is electrochemically oxidised to the more conductive MnO2. This explains the interesting phenomenon of increasing capacitance with cycling [126]. The Mn3O4–graphene hybrid has been also used for the ultrafast oxidative

• ] for growing Mn3O4 NPs on the GO sheets. The Mn3O4–graphene hybrid is being explored for high capacity, low cost, nontoxic anode materials for battery applications (Figure 4b). MnO2 has a high theoretical capacity of 1232 mAh·g−1 deduced from heterogeneous Li2O and Mn metal conversion reactions [139

Microwave solvothermal synthesis and characterization of manganese-doped ZnO nanoparticles

• Jacek Wojnarowicz,
• Roman Mukhovskyi,
• Elzbieta Pietrzykowska,
• Sylwia Kusnieruk,
• Jan Mizeracki and
• Witold Lojkowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 721–732, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.64

• observed, the obtained material exhibited paramagnetic properties [29][33][37]. Whereas, when Zn1−xMnxO was synthesised or calcinated for too long or at an overly high temperature, in an oxidising atmosphere, foreign phases in the form of MnO, MnO2, Mn2O, Mn3O4, as well as products of the reaction of ZnO

• metallic Mn. Metallic manganese is antiferromagnetic, while many alloys of manganese, in which the average Mn–Mn distance is greater than that of metallic manganese, are ferromagnetic [40]. MnO, Mn2O3 and MnO2 are antiferromagnetic [41], while Mn3O4 is ferromagnetic [42][43]. ZnMnO3 is paramagnetic [44][45

From lithium to sodium: cell chemistry of room temperature sodium–air and sodium–sulfur batteries

• Philipp Adelhelm,
• Pascal Hartmann,
• Conrad L. Bender,
• Martin Busche,
• Christine Eufinger and
• Juergen Janek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1016–1055, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.105

• capacities as high as 3000 mAh/gcarbon by introducing α-MnO2 nanowires as catalyst in the oxygen cathode [31]. From 2008 onwards, the number of publications on Li/O2 batteries rapidly increased. The progress in Li/O2 research and development is the subject of numerous review articles [22][32][33][34

• ) are required. Hence, research focused on the preparation and characterization of catalytically active materials for Li/O2 cells is aimed at higher discharge capacities and lower overpotentials during cycling. Various metal oxide materials, mostly manganese oxides (MnO2, Mn3O4), but also others have

• been proposed [9][31][35][36][37][38] as well as noble metals [39][40][41]. In 2011, McCloskey et al. attentively figured out that catalysts such as Pt, MnO2 or Au also promote the decomposition of the aprotic electrolyte rather than the oxygen evolution reaction (see also Figure 5) [42]. Although both

Synthesis, characterization, monolayer assembly and 2D lanthanide coordination of a linear terphenyl-di(propiolonitrile) linker on Ag(111)

• Zhi Chen,
• Svetlana Klyatskaya,
• José I. Urgel,
• David Écija,
• Olaf Fuhr,
• Willi Auwärter,
• Johannes V. Barth and
• Mario Ruben

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 327–335, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.31

• alcohol, Pd(PPh3)2Cl2/CuI, pyrrolidine/THF, 60 °C; b) NH3–IPA, MgSO4, MnO2, THF, rt [45]. Supporting Information Supporting Information File 120: Additional experimental data. Acknowledgements This work was supported by the EC-MoQuaS (FP7-ICT-2013-10), the Marie Curie action EIF-041565 MoST, the ERC

Carbon nano-onions (multi-layer fullerenes): chemistry and applications

• Juergen Bartelmess and
• Silvia Giordani

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1980–1998, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.207

• group of H. Y. Yang [62]. The composite was prepared from KMnO4 and CNOs in different weight ratios in deionized water by heating in an autoclave. The formed CNO–MnO2 composite was then implemented in an asymmetric pseudocapacitor with the CNO–MnO2 composite as working electrode and nickel foam as

• counter electrode. The capacitance of pure MnO2 (40 F·g−1) could be increased by the incorporation of CNO up to 177.5 F·g−1. In addition, the authors report an excellent cycling stability with 99–101% retention of the specific capacitance after 1000 cycles. Lithium-Ion batteries: Carbon nanotubes are

• combination with Co3O4 [64] and MnO2 [65] as electrode material. In the earlier study, the CNO-containing anode material was prepared by a solvo-thermal method from cobalt acetate and CNOs and the authors found that the novel composite material showed improved electrochemical properties, compared to pristine

Liquid fuel cells

• Grigorii L. Soloveichik

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1399–1418, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.153

• ]. Replacing the cathode catalyst with Pd3Au/CNT increased the power density to 185 mW/cm2 [77]. A thermally stable PBI membrane doped with 2 M KOH was used as AEM in a direct ethanol LFC to expand the operational temperature range [78]. The cell, equipped with a 45% PtRu anode catalyst and a 40% MnO2/C

• /MnO2/nanolamella-graphene sheets showed an activity that was about six times higher than that of a traditional Pd/C catalyst [139]. Although the peak power density for supported Pd-based catalysts is lower than for Pd black, the palladium utilization and specific power density (mW per mass unit) are

• hydroxide and PTFE-bonded Pt black supported on graphite electrodes, combined with an air cathode, demonstrated power densities of 50 mW/cm2 at 0.5 V at 120 °C [148]. A fuel cell with a Cr-decorated Ni anode, a MnO2/C cathode, and an Amberlite–based membrane using 35% ammonia solution showed a peak power

Magnesium batteries: Current state of the art, issues and future perspectives

• Rana Mohtadi and
• Fuminori Mizuno

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1291–1311, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.143