Biomimetics on the micro- and nanoscale – The 25th anniversary of the lotus effect

• Matthias Mail,
• Kerstin Koch,
• Thomas Speck,
• William M. Megill and
• Stanislav N. Gorb

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 850–856, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.69

• repellency, but also on the capability of some surfaces to keep stable air layers under water – the so-called Salvinia Effect. Such air layers are of great importance for drag reduction (passive air lubrication), antifouling, sensor applications, or oil–water separation. Up to now, based on the

Conjugated photothermal materials and structure design for solar steam generation

• Chia-Yang Lin and
• Tsuyoshi Michinobu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 454–466, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.36

• buoyancy due to their superior water resistance and antifouling properties. Due to the microporous nature of the polymer foams, after 10 min of swelling in water, the water could eventually be transported from the bottom to the surface through the foam’s interconnected pathways. These polymer evaporators

Bismuth-based nanostructured photocatalysts for the remediation of antibiotics and organic dyes

• Akeem Adeyemi Oladipo and
• Faisal Suleiman Mustafa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 291–321, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.26

Dry under water: air retaining properties of large-scale elastomer foils covered with mushroom-shaped surface microstructures

• Matthias Mail,
• Stefan Walheim,
• Thomas Schimmel,
• Wilhelm Barthlott,
• Stanislav N. Gorb and
• Lars Heepe

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1370–1379, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.113

• Effect, the capability to keep a stable air layer when submerged under water. Such air layers are of great importance, e.g., for drag reduction (passive air lubrication), antifouling, sensor applications or oil–water separation. Some biological models, e.g., the floating fern Salvinia or the backswimmer

• the theoretically predicted values, also the SEM investigation of the samples submerged for one month in tap water offered some important results for the practical application of air retaining MSM. Mushroom-like microstructures are known for their antifouling properties against such hard-foulers as

Bioselectivity of silk protein-based materials and their bio-inspired applications

• Hendrik Bargel,
• Vanessa T. Trossmann,
• Christoph Sommer and
• Thomas Scheibel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 902–921, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.81

• bioselectivity. Keywords: antifouling; bacteriostatic; biofouling; bioselective cell adhesion; spider silk protein; Review 1 Introduction 1.1 Bioadhesive protein surfaces Biological adhesion is important for all organisms such as plants, animals, bacteria, and fungi, covering a wide range of biological aspects

• of proteins, microbes, and cells should be guided by material-related surface properties to create bioinert, bioactive, or biomimetic biomaterials. 1.3 Antiadhesive and anti-fouling protein surfaces Nature has evolved a diverse portfolio of anti-adhesive, antimicrobial and antifouling methods

• and antifouling surfaces have been successfully generated by soft photolithography, micro-molding or nanopatterning techniques [57]. Moreover, the biomimetic application Sharklet® textured similarly to shark skin has not only been reported to be antiadhesive against green algae spores and bacterial

A comprehensive review on electrospun nanohybrid membranes for wastewater treatment

• Senuri Kumarage,
• Imalka Munaweera and
• Nilwala Kottegoda

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 137–159, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.10

• ]. Su et al. have developed a superhydrophobic PVDF electrospun membrane for MD, which showed exceptional properties [56]. The membrane exhibited a significant antifouling property, stable permeate flux and little scaling or deposition of hard mineral salts on the membrane. In another study Kim and co

• achieved. The membrane also showed antifouling properties and was reusable for several dye removing cycles [77]. Furthermore, Gopi and co-workers reported a PVDF electrospun nanomembrane functionalized with chitin nanowhiskers (ChNW) using a needleless electrospinning technique. ChNW transforms the

A review on nanostructured silver as a basic ingredient in medicine: physicochemical parameters and characterization

• Gabriel M. Misirli,
• Kishore Sridharan and
• Shirley M. P. Abrantes

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 440–461, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.36

• limit antimicrobial resistance [22]. Antibacterial, antifouling, and antibiofilm effects of AgNPs have been extensively studied and reveal that they are lethal to bacteria and effectively prevent the formation of biofilms [23]. This suggests that AgNPs can be incorporated into matrices or materials used

Paper-based triboelectric nanogenerators and their applications: a review

• Jing Han,
• Nuo Xu,
• Yuchen Liang,
• Mei Ding,
• Junyi Zhai,
• Qijun Sun and
• Zhong Lin Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 151–171, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.12

• blank sample. After introducing the TENG-powered antifouling system, the stainless steel pieces on both the anode and cathode showed good antifouling properties, as indicated by algae density. An electrochemical reaction is an electron-transferring or flowing process between an electrode and a substance

Using gold nanoparticles to detect single-nucleotide polymorphisms: toward liquid biopsy

• María Sanromán Iglesias and
• Marek Grzelczak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 263–284, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.20

• or the use of antifouling polymers such as polyethylene glycol. Finally, the availability of whole-genome sequencing as offered by recently established private companies (e.g., Veritas Genetics and Novogene) allows for the determination of hundreds of mutations from a single sample at relatively low

Evaluation of click chemistry microarrays for immunosensing of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP)

• Seyed Mohammad Mahdi Dadfar,
• Sylwia Sekula-Neuner,
• Vanessa Trouillet,
• Hui-Yu Liu,
• Ravi Kumar,
• Annie K. Powell and
• Michael Hirtz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2505–2515, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.241

• detection. To this end, a sandwich strategy is employed by attaching a second biotinylated antibody and a fluorescently labeled streptavidin. Further sensitivity improvements are expected upon utilizing novel antifouling and special wettability surfaces [43][44]. Our results highlight the utility of binding

Nanostructured and oriented metal–organic framework films enabling extreme surface wetting properties

• Andre Mähringer,
• Julian M. Rotter and
• Dana D. Medina

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1994–2003, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.196

• . Keywords: antifog; antifouling; biomimetic coatings; metal–organic frameworks (MOFs); superhydrophilic; superoleophobic; thin films; vapor-assisted conversion; Introduction Over millions of years, plants and animals have evolved a spectrum of surface designs enabling specific wetting properties tailored

• surface technologies such as antifog or antifouling, oil-repellant coatings, self-cleaning surfaces and water-harvesting systems are inspired by nature’s designs [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26]. The synthesis of artificial superhydrophilic surfaces can be achieved by a variety of routes, for

Air–water interface of submerged superhydrophobic surfaces imaged by atomic force microscopy

• Markus Moosmann,
• Thomas Schimmel,
• Wilhelm Barthlott and
• Matthias Mail

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1671–1679, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.167

• fields of drag reduction, antifouling, anticorrosion and under water sensing. Current knowledge regarding the shape of the air–water interface is insufficient, although it plays a crucial role with regards to stability in terms of diffusion and dynamic conditions. Optical methods for imaging the

• years, the Salvinia effect – the long term stabilization of an air layer on a submerged surface – has gained increasing interest. There is great potential for various technical applications utilizing this effect, for example, drag reduction, antifouling or anticorrosion applications, and underwater

Vapor-phase-synthesized fluoroacrylate polymer thin films: thermal stability and structural properties

• Paul Christian and
• Anna Maria Coclite

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 933–942, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.95

• surfaces are used as biocompatible surfaces [1], antifouling coatings [2], and as low dielectric constant materials [3] for microelectronics. Perfluoroacrylates are particularly appealing for such applications, as they combine the hydrophobic properties of the fluorinated pendant groups with easy

Biological and biomimetic materials and surfaces

• Stanislav Gorb and
• Thomas Speck

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 403–407, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.42

• diving. The main interest in biomimetic products lies in the potential friction reduction and in antifouling properties. For example, this could be practically implemented by covering the underwater parts of ship hulls with Salvinia effect coatings. Ongoing projects with ship builders aim to realize this

Nanostructured surfaces by supramolecular self-assembly of linear oligosilsesquioxanes with biocompatible side groups

• Maria Nowacka,
• Anna Kowalewska and
• Tomasz Makowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2377–2387, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.244

• ]. The focus has been more recently shifted towards hydrophilic surfaces due to their antifouling properties [5]. Cell biology applications also require new materials that could mimic the natural biological environment of cells and resemble the natural extracellular matrix (ECM). The surface chemical

Orthogonal chemical functionalization of patterned gold on silica surfaces

• Francisco Palazon,
• Didier Léonard,
• Thierry Le Mogne,
• Francesca Zuttion,
• Céline Chevalier,
• Magali Phaner-Goutorbe,
• Éliane Souteyrand,
• Yann Chevolot and
• Jean-Pierre Cloarec

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2272–2277, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.233

• functionalization with biologically pertinent molecules (antifouling poly(ethylene glycol) silane and biotinylated thiols) was used for the selective immobilization of proteins onto metallic nanostructures relevant to the development of LSPR biosensors and characterized by atomic force microscopy (AFM). Results and

• biotinylated thiols and antifouling PEG/silanes. A similar approach was already used to direct the immobilization of streptavidin-coated nanoparticles [31] onto the gold nanostructures. Here, “single” (i.e., not adsorbed on beads) proteins were immobilized as shown in Figure 5. Conclusion The orthogonal

Mammalian cell growth on gold nanoparticle-decorated substrates is influenced by the nanoparticle coating

• Christina Rosman,
• Sebastien Pierrat,
• Marco Tarantola,
• David Schneider,
• Eva Sunnick,
• Andreas Janshoff and
• Carsten Sönnichsen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2479–2488, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.257

• with the PEG biocompatibility itself. The antifouling properties of PEG prevent the efficient adsorption of serum proteins to the nanoparticles [33]. We attribute the difference between the functional PEG end groups to their different electrostatic attachment properties. The cell membrane is, on

Functionalization of vertically aligned carbon nanotubes

• Eloise Van Hooijdonk,
• Carla Bittencourt,
• Rony Snyders and
• Jean-François Colomer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 129–152, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.14

• with abilities to controllably release objects trapped within the systems. For example, we can imagine the production of antifouling devices, gecko-like artificial devices, functional membranes, or sensors. Wardle et al. [152] assessed the density of VA-CNTs that it is possible to insert in a PM with a

Growth behaviour and mechanical properties of PLL/HA multilayer films studied by AFM

• Cagri Üzüm,
• Johannes Hellwig,
• Narayanan Madaboosi,
• Dmitry Volodkin and
• Regine von Klitzing

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2012, 3, 778–788, doi:10.3762/bjnano.3.87

• , which is highly sensitive to the elasticity of the substrate, must be known and controlled for the development of contact lenses and antifouling materials [3][5][6]. Nevertheless, thin films have to be studied in the form in which they are available, making the use of macroscopic methods unsuitable