In situ optical sub-wavelength thickness control of porous anodic aluminum oxide

• Aleksandrs Dutovs,
• Raimonds Popļausks,
• Oskars Putāns,
• Vladislavs Perkanuks,
• Aušrinė Jurkevičiūtė,
• Tomas Tamulevičius,
• Uldis Malinovskis,
• Iryna Olyshevets,
• Donats Erts and
• Juris Prikulis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 126–133, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.12

• . Automation software was designed to terminate the anodization process at preset PAAO thickness values. While the concept was illustrated using the widely used method of anodization in a 0.3 M oxalic acid electrolyte with a 40 V potential, it can be readily customized for other protocols. PAAO layers with

The steep road to nonviral nanomedicines: Frequent challenges and culprits in designing nanoparticles for gene therapy

• Yao Yao,
• Yeongun Ko,
• Grant Grasman,
• Jeffery E. Raymond and
• Joerg Lahann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 351–361, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.30

• ) [16]. Unfortunately, confocal imaging is limited by relatively low throughput (even with automation) and can be ambiguous when determining internalization within 500 nm of the cell membrane [17]. However, widefield fluorescence microscopy is still widely used when it comes to observing the expression

A novel approach to pulsed laser deposition of platinum catalyst on carbon particles for use in polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells

• Bogusław Budner,
• Wojciech Tokarz,
• Sławomir Dyjak,
• Andrzej Czerwiński,
• Bartosz Bartosewicz and
• Bartłomiej Jankiewicz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 190–204, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.19

• applications. The method developed still requires additional investigations on production scalability, repeatability, and automation of the Pt deposition process. It is also crucial to test the chemical stability of the material in the working polymer fuel cell system over a long period. Experimental Materials

Interaction between honeybee mandibles and propolis

• Leonie Saccardi,
• Franz Brümmer,
• Jonas Schiebl,
• Oliver Schwarz,
• Alexander Kovalev and
• Stanislav Gorb

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 958–974, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.84

• Leonie Saccardi Franz Brummer Jonas Schiebl Oliver Schwarz Alexander Kovalev Stanislav Gorb University of Stuttgart, IBBS, Research Unit Biodiversity and Scientific Diving, Stuttgart, Germany Department Biomechatronic Systems, Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing Engineering and Automation IPA

Recent advances in nanoarchitectures of monocrystalline coordination polymers through confined assembly

• Lingling Xia,
• Qinyue Wang and
• Ming Hu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 763–777, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.67

• production. Automation of such an assembly of vaccine particles was realized by using a flow chemical process [115]. By connecting with computer networks, remote synthesis of vaccine particles also became possible. In some cases, the encapsulated networks in monocrystalline coordination polymers could be

A Au/CuNiCoS₄/p-Si photodiode: electrical and morphological characterization

• Adem Koçyiğit,
• Adem Sarılmaz,
• Teoman Öztürk,
• Faruk Ozel and
• Murat Yıldırım

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 984–994, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.74

• Adem Kocyigit Adem Sarilmaz Teoman Ozturk Faruk Ozel Murat Yildirim Department of Electrical Electronic Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Igdir University, 76000 Igdir, Turkey Department of Electronics and Automation, Vocational High School, Bilecik Şeyh Edebali University, 11230, Bilecik, Turkey

The role of convolutional neural networks in scanning probe microscopy: a review

• Ido Azuri,
• Irit Rosenhek-Goldian,
• Neta Regev-Rudzki,
• Georg Fantner and
• Sidney R. Cohen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 878–901, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.66

• for automating the post-processing of the HS-AFM images. AFM images need to be post-processed to remove unwanted image features such as background slopes and image artifacts. The large number of images can be best handled by automation of this process. Conventional methods for automated image

Recent progress in magnetic applications for micro- and nanorobots

• Ke Xu,
• Shuang Xu and
• Fanan Wei

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 744–755, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.58

• Ke Xu Shuang Xu Fanan Wei School of Information & Control Engineering, Shenyang Jianzhu University, Shenyang, China School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China 10.3762/bjnano.12.58 Abstract In recent years, magnetic micro- and nanorobots have been developed

The patterning toolbox FIB-o-mat: Exploiting the full potential of focused helium ions for nanofabrication

• Victor Deinhart,
• Lisa-Marie Kern,
• Jan N. Kirchhof,
• Sabrina Juergensen,
• Joris Sturm,
• Enno Krauss,
• Thorsten Feichtner,
• Sviatoslav Kovalchuk,
• Michael Schneider,
• Dieter Engel,
• Bastian Pfau,
• Bert Hecht,
• Kirill I. Bolotin,
• Stephanie Reich and
• Katja Höflich

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 304–318, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.25

• patterning toolbox FIB-o-mat to create and optimize patterns for ion beam machining, including automation [18]. The idea of FIB-o-mat is to make use of the built-in functionality of the commercial patterning engine where appropriate, but to provide advanced options where required. FIB-o-mat provides an

• , and the fabrication of coupled plasmonic nanoantennas from single-crystalline gold. The three latter examples are realized in this work by developing optimized patterning and automation routines [18]. Patterning and Beam Control Patterning with an ion beam is a digital process where the beam spot

• enables the creation of arbitrarily shaped pattern geometries in combination with geometry-adapted beam paths and optimization/automation tools. The code and Python package documentation can be found online at gitlab under the gpl3 license [18][28][29]. Pre-build packages are available on pypi [30]. The

A novel dry-blending method to reduce the coefficient of thermal expansion of polymer templates for OTFT electrodes

• Xiangdong Ye,
• Bo Tian,
• Yuxuan Guo,
• Fan Fan and
• Anjiang Cai

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 671–677, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.53

• Xiangdong Ye Bo Tian Yuxuan Guo Fan Fan Anjiang Cai School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Xi’an University of Architecture and Technology, Xi’an 710055, China Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Nano Materials and Technology, Xi’an 710055, China School of Automation, Xi'an University of Posts and

Recent progress in perovskite solar cells: the perovskite layer

• Xianfeng Dai,
• Ke Xu and
• Fanan Wei

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 51–60, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.5

• Xianfeng Dai Ke Xu Fanan Wei School of Information & Control Engineering, Shenyang Jianzhu University, Shenyang, China School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, China 10.3762/bjnano.11.5 Abstract Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are set to be game changing

Ultrathin hydrophobic films based on the metal organic framework UiO-66-COOH(Zr)

• Miguel A. Andrés,
• Clemence Sicard,
• Christian Serre,
• Olivier Roubeau and
• Ignacio Gascón

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 654–665, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.65

• distributed MOF sMPs responsible for the highly hydrophobic character observed. Considering that the WCA values obtained with LB, LS and RLS films were similar, LB films were further characterized due to the advantageous automation of the transfer process in the Langmuir trough used in this study. To further

Topochemical engineering of composite hybrid fibers using layered double hydroxides and abietic acid

• Liji Sobhana,
• Lokesh Kesavan,
• Jan Gustafsson and
• Pedro Fardim

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 589–605, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.60

• visually analyze the fibrillation level of the fibers. Fiber length distribution: The average fiber length and the length distribution were determined in diluted aqueous solution by using a Kajaani Fiber Lab fiber analyzer (Valmet Automation). The fiber length measurements were performed in duplicates. The

Bidirectional biomimetic flow sensing with antiparallel and curved artificial hair sensors

• Claudio Abels,
• Antonio Qualtieri,
• Toni Lober,
• Alessandro Mariotti,
• Lily D. Chambers,
• Massimo De Vittorio,
• William M. Megill and
• Francesco Rizzi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 32–46, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.4

• bidirectional sensitivity to flow sensing with curved artificial hair sensors. In the short term, the presented sensor platform will be investigated in liquids as well, once the sensors are embedded in a waterproof MEMS package. For future applications, we are targeting automotive, robotics, automation and air

Enhancement of X-ray emission from nanocolloidal gold suspensions under double-pulse excitation

• Wei-Hung Hsu,
• Frances Camille P. Masim,
• Armandas Balčytis,
• Hsin-Hui Huang,
• Tetsu Yonezawa,
• Aleksandr A. Kuchmizhak,
• Saulius Juodkazis and
• Koji Hatanaka

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2609–2617, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.242

• , Hawthorn, VIC 3122, Australia Division of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 0608628, Japan School of Natural Sciences, Far Eastern Federal University (FEFU), Vladivostok 690041, Russia Institute of Automation and Control Processes, Far Eastern

Droplet-based synthesis of homogeneous magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles

• Christian D. Ahrberg,
• Ji Wook Choi and
• Bong Geun Chung

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2413–2420, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.226

• mixing, while maintaining high control over the temperature of the sample [21]. Additionally, microfluidic devices can be operated with a high degree of automation allowing for continuous operation, while reaction parameters can be varied easily allowing for automatic screening of reaction conditions [22

• , such as mixing and quenching. In addition, the high degree of automation of droplet reactors further increases the reproducibility [34]. Control of nanoparticle synthesis in droplets In a last set of experiments, it was evaluated how the size of particles synthesized in droplets can be influenced

Automated image segmentation-assisted flattening of atomic force microscopy images

• Yuliang Wang,
• Tongda Lu,
• Xiaolai Li and
• Huimin Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 975–985, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.91

• Yuliang Wang Tongda Lu Xiaolai Li Huimin Wang School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P.R. China Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing, 100083, P.R. China Department of Materials Science and

Optimal fractal tree-like microchannel networks with slip for laminar-flow-modified Murray’s law

• Dalei Jing,
• Shiyu Song,
• Yunlu Pan and
• Xiaoming Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 482–489, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.46

• Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China, School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China 10.3762/bjnano.9.46 Abstract The fractal tree-like branched network is an effective channel design structure to reduce the hydraulic resistance

Robust nanobubble and nanodroplet segmentation in atomic force microscope images using the spherical Hough transform

• Yuliang Wang,
• Tongda Lu,
• Xiaolai Li,
• Shuai Ren and
• Shusheng Bi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2572–2582, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.257

• Yuliang Wang Tongda Lu Xiaolai Li Shuai Ren Shusheng Bi School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P. R. China 10.3762/bjnano.8.257 Abstract Interfacial nanobubbles (NBs) and nanodroplets (NDs) have been attracting increasing attention due to their

The effect of the electrical double layer on hydrodynamic lubrication: a non-monotonic trend with increasing zeta potential

• Dalei Jing,
• Yunlu Pan and
• Xiaoming Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1515–1522, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.152

• of Technology, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China, School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, 150001, P. R. China 10.3762/bjnano.8.152 Abstract In the present study, a modified Reynolds equation including the electrical double layer (EDL)-induced electroviscous

Tandem polymer solar cells: simulation and optimization through a multiscale scheme

• Fanan Wei,
• Ligang Yao,
• Fei Lan,
• Guangyong Li and
• Lianqing Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 123–133, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.13

• Fanan Wei Ligang Yao Fei Lan Guangyong Li Lianqing Liu School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, China Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA State Key Laboratory of Robotics, Shenyang Institute of

• Automation, CAS, Shenyang, China, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China 10.3762/bjnano.8.13 Abstract In this paper, polymer solar cells with a tandem structure were investigated and optimized using a multiscale simulation scheme. In the proposed multiscale simulation, multiple aspects

• -510262). The authors would like to thank Minlin Jiang (from the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Pittsburgh) and Dong Wang (from Shenyang Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences) for helpful discussions.

Effect of triple junctions on deformation twinning in a nanostructured Cu–Zn alloy: A statistical study using transmission Kikuchi diffraction

• Silu Liu,
• Xiaolong Ma,
• Lingzhen Li,
• Liwen Zhang,
• Patrick W. Trimby,
• Xiaozhou Liao,
• Yusheng Li,
• Yonghao Zhao and
• Yuntian Zhu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1501–1506, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.143

• being edge-on. Therefore, no tedious sample tilting is required, and all twins can be identified irrespective of their orientation. Furthermore, TKD and subsequent data processing are time/labor-saving and relatively easy due to fast indexing rates and a high level of automation [28][31]. This is in

• balance between spatial resolution, angular accuracy and a high level of automation to give objective results. With these advantages, TKD is ideal for performing statistical analyses on deformation twinning and triple junctions in nanostructured materials. Experimental A 1 mm thick sheet of commercial Cu

Characterisation of thin films of graphene–surfactant composites produced through a novel semi-automated method

• Nik J. Walch,
• Alexei Nabok,
• Frank Davis and
• Séamus P. J. Higson

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 209–219, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.19

• must be added every 5 min whilst continuous sonication is carried out. This method with its continuous addition of aqueous surfactant eliminates the need for constant supervision of the process as well as providing the reproducibility of automation. This is only semi-automated, however, as full

• automation would require the monitoring of surface tension throughout the synthesis as well as automatic adjustments to the surfactant flow rate to maintain this at the required level of 41 mJ·m−2. Figure 1 depicts the assembled apparatus, the function of which is explained here. The aqueous suspension of

• 2.5 nm per PEI/graphene bilayer which was reported earlier. Conclusion A simple semi-automated technique for graphene production by aqueous sonochemical exfoliation of graphite in the presence of ionic surfactants, e.g., CTAB or SDS, was developed. Full automation could be potentially achieved by

Automatic morphological characterization of nanobubbles with a novel image segmentation method and its application in the study of nanobubble coalescence

• Yuliang Wang,
• Huimin Wang,
• Shusheng Bi and
• Bin Guo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 952–963, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.98

• Yuliang Wang Huimin Wang Shusheng Bi Bin Guo School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, P.R. China Department of Materials Science and Engineering, The Ohio State University, 2041 College Rd., Columbus, OH 43210, USA School of Material Science and

A reproducible number-based sizing method for pigment-grade titanium dioxide

• Ralf Theissmann,
• Manfred Kluwig and
• Thomas Koch

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1815–1822, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.192

• the evaluation of sections. Consequently, the choice of the measuring technique is somewhat arbitrary. The technique presented in this study was chosen because of its high degree of automation and reproducibility. The effect of lacking stereologic correction, if significant, leads to a result which is

• automation, the elimination of detection errors due to overlapping particles and a transparent filtering procedure for detected particles. As a consequence, the method presented is well suited to classifying pigment-grade titanium dioxide according to the recommendation of the EU Commission of 18 October