Antibody-conjugated nanoparticles for target-specific drug delivery of chemotherapeutics

• Mamta Kumari,
• Amitabha Acharya and
• Praveen Thaggikuppe Krishnamurthy

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 912–926, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.75

• or elimination of NP targeting capability by shielding or completely covering relevant functional groups. To block the adhesion of corona proteins on NP surfaces, various strategies have been established using surface barrier layers, such as polymer, protein, or biomimetic coatings, with the ultimate

Biomimetics on the micro- and nanoscale – The 25th anniversary of the lotus effect

• Matthias Mail,
• Kerstin Koch,
• Thomas Speck,
• William M. Megill and
• Stanislav N. Gorb

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 850–856, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.69

• Research Center, Stefan-Meier-Strasse 21, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany Centre for Biomimetic and Natural Technologies, Faculty of Technology and Bionics, Rhine-Waal University of Applied Sciences, Marie-Curie-Str. 1, D-47533 Kleve, Germany Department of Functional Morphology and Biomechanics, Institute of

• Zoology, Christian-Albrechts-University of Kiel, Am Botanischen Garten 1–9, D-24118 Kiel, Germany 10.3762/bjnano.14.69 Keywords: biomimetic surfaces; hydrophobicity; lotus effect; Salvinia effect; superhydrophobicity; wettability; In 1997, Wilhelm Barthlott and Christoph Neinhuis published the paper

• applications. In the last decades, production methods have enabled the transfer of many outstanding properties of the biological archetypes into innovative biomimetic products at reasonable cost. These developments helped to bring the field of biomimetics forward, initially by fostering interest in biomimetic

Nanoarchitectonics to entrap living cells in silica-based systems: encapsulations with yolk–shell and sepiolite nanomaterials

• Celia Martín-Morales,
• Jorge Fernández-Méndez,
• Pilar Aranda and
• Eduardo Ruiz-Hitzky

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 522–534, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.43

• bionanocomposites that display biomimetic and bioinspired characteristics, derived from their biological components (e.g., polysaccharides, proteins, nucleic acids, enzymes and viruses, etc.) and the inorganic network (e.g., silica and silicates, clay minerals and phosphates) [5][6][7][8]. More complex biohybrid

Biocatalytic synthesis and ordered self-assembly of silica nanoparticles via a silica-binding peptide

• Mustafa Gungormus

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 280–290, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.25

• . The results presented here provide a biomimetic route to the single-step synthesis and assembly of SiO2 nanoparticles into colloidal gels or opal-like structures. Keywords: biocatalysis; biomimetics; nanoparticle; peptide; self-assembly; silica; Introduction Ordered structures of nanoparticles have

• uniform particles with increased peptide concentration. The third hypothesis of the study was accepted as the SiBP improved the self-assembly behavior by adhering on the particle surface and reducing the negative surface charge. The results presented here provide a single-step biomimetic route to

Recent progress in cancer cell membrane-based nanoparticles for biomedical applications

• Qixiong Lin,
• Yueyou Peng,
• Yanyan Wen,
• Xiaoqiong Li,
• Donglian Du,
• Weibin Dai,
• Wei Tian and
• Yanfeng Meng

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 262–279, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.24

• strategies for cancer. Toxic side effects and individual differences in response to treatment have further limited the benefits of clinical treatment for patients. Biomimetic cancer cell membrane-based nanotechnology has provided a new approach for biomedicine to overcome these obstacles. Biomimetic

• clinical translation prospects, and the associated challenges are discussed. Keywords: cancer cell biomimetics; nanoparticles; precision medicine; targeted therapy; theranostic nanomedicine; Review 1 Introduction Biomimetic nanotechnology, an emerging interdisciplinary field, involves different

• intended function of the NPs, resulting in changes of biological behavior and loss of function [6][7]. Moreover, the protein corona can accelerate RES/MPS uptake and interfere with the targeting ability of NPs [8]. The biomimetic technique of cell membrane coating, which employs naturally cell-derived

Nanotechnology – a robust tool for fighting the challenges of drug resistance in non-small cell lung cancer

• Filip Gorachinov,
• Fatima Mraiche,
• Diala Alhaj Moustafa,
• Ola Hishari,
• Yomna Ismail,
• Jensa Joseph,
• Maja Simonoska Crcarevska,
• Marija Glavas Dodov,
• Nikola Geskovski and
• Katerina Goracinova

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 240–261, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.23

• expression has not only improved current therapeutic plans for cancer patients but has had an impact on the design approaches of the nanotools for cancer imaging and anticancer drug delivery. In recent years, new platforms to enhance the low tumor targeting capacity of nanomedicines using biomimetic

• targeting efficacy of nanomedicines. Various solutions have been proposed to improve mononuclear phagocytic system (MPS) evasion, extravasation at the tumor site, and diffusion through the dense collagen matrix of the solid tumors. Biomimetic, multifunctional, and multistage targeted nanoscale delivery

• and improved induction of apoptosis [116]. Biomimetic drug delivery systems: The natural tropism of biomimetic materials for improved tissue localization has been proven to be a valuable tool in lung cancer targeting. Anselmo et al. evaluated the cell hitchhiking approach in targeting using red blood

Atmospheric water harvesting using functionalized carbon nanocones

• Fernanda R. Leivas and
• Marcia C. Barbosa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1–10, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.1

• different processes to develop AWH such as condensing and collecting moisture, cooling ambient air below its dew point [10][11], and using chemical and physical processes involving absorption and adsorption [9][12][13]. Many of these mechanisms are inspired by structures found in nature (biomimetic designs

• ), which use hierarchical nano/microstructures to collect water. Some examples are the Trifolium pratense plant, the Cotula fallax cactus, and the Uloborus walckenaerius spider [14][15][16]. Usually, these biomimetic designs have an asymmetrical shape that energetically drives the directional transport of

Dry under water: air retaining properties of large-scale elastomer foils covered with mushroom-shaped surface microstructures

• Matthias Mail,
• Stefan Walheim,
• Thomas Schimmel,
• Wilhelm Barthlott,
• Stanislav N. Gorb and
• Lars Heepe

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1370–1379, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.113

• Holzgerlingen, Germany 10.3762/bjnano.13.113 Abstract Superhydrophobic surfaces are well known for most different functions in plants, animals, and thus for biomimetic technical applications. Beside the Lotus Effect, one of their features with great technical, economic and ecologic potential is the Salvinia

• Notonecta, show long term stable air retention even under hydrodynamic conditions. Therefore, they are ideal models for the development of technical biomimetic air retaining surfaces. Up to now, several prototypes of such surfaces have been developed, but none provides both, stable air retention and cost

• effective large scale production. Meanwhile, a novel biomimetic surface is commercially available and produced on a large scale: an adhesive elastomeric film with mushroom-shaped surface microstructures that mimic the adhesion system of animals. In this study, we show that these films, which have been

Straight roads into nowhere – obvious and not-so-obvious biological models for ferrophobic surfaces

• Wilfried Konrad,
• Christoph Neinhuis and
• Anita Roth-Nebelsick

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1345–1360, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.111

• , Rosenstein 1, D-70191 Stuttgart, Germany 10.3762/bjnano.13.111 Abstract There are currently efforts to improve strategies for biomimetic approaches, to identify pitfalls and to provide recommendations for a successful biomimetic work flow. In this contribution, a case study of a concrete biomimetic project

• obvious biological models are no guarantee for success, and that it is difficult to arrive at a formalised biomimetic working scheme. Rather, a broad understanding of biological function and its complexity is beneficial. Keywords: air-retaining interfaces; bioinspiration; biomimetics; biomimicry; blast

• available. Engineers or other scientists from the applied sciences could benefit greatly from this natural resource by identifying biological “solutions to problems” and developing concepts of subsequent technical transfer. Currently, two classes of biomimetic strategies are practiced. The first one, the

Growing up in a rough world: scaling of frictional adhesion and morphology of the Tokay gecko (Gekko gecko)

• Anthony J. Cobos and
• Timothy E. Higham

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1292–1302, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.107

• systems depending on size? Although setal shaft diameter and density do not change in living animals, how does changing these conditions in artificial systems alter function? Not only might this assist with biomimetic initiatives, but it might also help us to understand why these do not occur in living

Laser-processed antiadhesive bionic combs for handling nanofibers inspired by nanostructures on the legs of cribellate spiders

• Sebastian Lifka,
• Kristóf Harsányi,
• Erich Baumgartner,
• Lukas Pichler,
• Dariya Baiko,
• Karsten Wasmuth,
• Johannes Heitz,
• Marco Meyer,
• Anna-Christin Joel,
• Jörn Bonse and
• Werner Baumgartner

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1268–1283, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.105

• cribellate spiders, we were able to define an upscaled surface nanostructure with reduced adhesion force towards technical electrospun fibers. The biomimetic surface can be produced on metals by means of ultrashort pulse laser processing of self-organized laser-induced periodic surface structures, so-called

Biomimetic chitosan with biocomposite nanomaterials for bone tissue repair and regeneration

• Se-Kwon Kim,
• Sesha Subramanian Murugan,
• Pandurang Appana Dalavi,
• Sebanti Gupta,
• Sukumaran Anil,
• Gi Hun Seong and
• Jayachandran Venkatesan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1051–1067, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.92

• Intelligence Education and Research, Hanyang University, Ansan 426-791, South Korea 10.3762/bjnano.13.92 Abstract Biomimetic materials for better bone graft substitutes are a thrust area of research among researchers and clinicians. Autografts, allografts, and synthetic grafts are often utilized to repair and

• tissue engineering applications. Keywords: antibacterial activity; biomimetic materials; bone graft substitutes; chitosan; gold; osteoinductive; silver; Introduction Bone-related defects and diseases are a serious concern to the life of patients [1]. Autografts, allografts, and synthetic grafts are

Interaction between honeybee mandibles and propolis

• Leonie Saccardi,
• Franz Brümmer,
• Jonas Schiebl,
• Oliver Schwarz,
• Alexander Kovalev and
• Stanislav Gorb

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 958–974, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.84

• , Stuttgart, Germany Department Functional Morphology and Biomechanics, Zoological Institute, Kiel University, Kiel, Germany 10.3762/bjnano.13.84 Abstract In a biomimetic top-down process, challenging the problem of resin deposition on woodworking machine tools, an adequate biological model was sought, which

• production processes where unwanted build-up occurs. Specifically, this problem also occurs in woodworking processes, where escaping resins contaminate the cutting edge of the tools and, subsequently, blunt the carbide cutting edges through abrasion. This was the starting point of a biomimetic top-down

Design of a biomimetic, small-scale artificial leaf surface for the study of environmental interactions

• Miriam Anna Huth,
• Axel Huth,
• Lukas Schreiber and
• Kerstin Koch

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 944–957, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.83

• surface, the leaf of the lotus plant (Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn., Nelumbonaceae). Biomimetic surfaces The wettability properties of plant surfaces have often been a source of inspiration for the development of biomimetic materials. For example, biomimetic surfaces offer the possibility to study interfacial

• successfully transferred to the technical surface. For native and artificial leaf surfaces, a detailed wettability and chemical analysis was performed to ensure that the artificial system represented the physicochemical characters of the natural leaf surface. With this biomimetic surface, a test system is

Bioselectivity of silk protein-based materials and their bio-inspired applications

• Hendrik Bargel,
• Vanessa T. Trossmann,
• Christoph Sommer and
• Thomas Scheibel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 902–921, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.81

• biomedicine and tissue engineering, since they exhibit promising chemical and physical properties, such as bioactivity, structural integrity, and cell stimulation [29][30]. Biomimetic materials modulating specific cellular responses and tissue regeneration have been developed by adjusting and modifying

• of proteins, microbes, and cells should be guided by material-related surface properties to create bioinert, bioactive, or biomimetic biomaterials. 1.3 Antiadhesive and anti-fouling protein surfaces Nature has evolved a diverse portfolio of anti-adhesive, antimicrobial and antifouling methods

• and antifouling surfaces have been successfully generated by soft photolithography, micro-molding or nanopatterning techniques [57]. Moreover, the biomimetic application Sharklet® textured similarly to shark skin has not only been reported to be antiadhesive against green algae spores and bacterial

Micro-structures, nanomechanical properties and flight performance of three beetles with different folding ratios

• Jiyu Sun,
• Pengpeng Li,
• Yongwei Yan,
• Fa Song,
• Nuo Xu and
• Zhijun Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 845–856, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.75

• insects in flight and to imitate the flight of insects [14][15]. Insect wings play a major role here. Hence, examining their flight parameters is crucially important to design biomimetic FMAVs [16][17]. It is increasingly clear that most insects obtain useful force with the help of aerodynamic mechanisms

• have a critical effect on the flight performance and will be useful regarding the design of biomimetic MAVs. Wind tunnels are an effective tool to investigate flapping-wing flight and aerodynamic characteristics [29]. The wing tip trajectories of the hind wings of a beetle species (Protaetia

• the following, which will provide some reference for the design of biomimetic deployable FWMAVs. Materials and Methods Beetles Three beetle species with different folding ratios, Protaetia brevitarsis, Anoplophora chinensis, and Trypoxylus dichotomus, were selected for the experiments. The three adult

Temperature and chemical effects on the interfacial energy between a Ga–In–Sn eutectic liquid alloy and nanoscopic asperities

• Yujin Han,
• Pierre-Marie Thebault,
• Corentin Audes,
• Xuelin Wang,
• Haiwoong Park,
• Jian-Zhong Jiang and
• Arnaud Caron

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 817–827, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.72

• -temperature-liquid Ga-based alloys have been attracting interest from various scientific communities, including chemical [1], biomimetic [2], microfluidic [3], electrical [4], and materials science [5]. This increased interest is due to the low viscosity and high and electrical conductivity of these alloys

Hierachical epicuticular wax coverage on leaves of Deschampsia antarctica as a possible adaptation to severe environmental conditions

• Elena V. Gorb,
• Iryna A. Kozeretska and
• Stanislav N. Gorb

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 807–816, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.71

• ., Asclepiadaceae and Cactaceae) [15], plays a crucial role in the protection from water loss. Biomimetic potential Since the discovery of the lotus effect [43], different properties of superhydrophobic surfaces in plants, which are highly relevant for modern technologies, such as self-cleaning, fluid drag

• reduction, or holding air layers at a surface, have been described and their biomimetic applications have been discussed. Phylogenetic trees indicate that superhydrophobicity evolved as a consequence of the conquest of land about 450 million years ago and may be a key innovation in the evolution of

Hierarchical Bi₂WO₆/TiO₂-nanotube composites derived from natural cellulose for visible-light photocatalytic treatment of pollutants

• Zehao Lin,
• Zhan Yang and
• Jianguo Huang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 745–762, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.66

• photocatalytic reduction of Cr(VI), while hydroxyl radicals and reactive holes contributed to the photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B. Keywords: biomimetic synthesis; cellulose; nanoarchitectonics; nanocomposite; nanotubes; photocatalysis; pollutants; Introduction The direct emission of untreated

• control is expected to offer a solution [28]. Based on biomimetic synthesis, the morphological control of functional materials is accomplished by combining chemical building blocks and natural substances with unique structures. Natural cellulose products (e.g., filter paper for quantitative analysis

Micro- and nanotechnology in biomedical engineering for cartilage tissue regeneration in osteoarthritis

• Zahra Nabizadeh,
• Mahmoud Nasrollahzadeh,
• Hamed Daemi,
• Mohamadreza Baghaban Eslaminejad,
• Ali Akbar Shabani,
• Mehdi Dadashpour,
• Majid Mirmohammadkhani and
• Davood Nasrabadi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 363–389, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.31

• purposes is the subject of many studies [19] in which natural polymers, synthetic polymers, or their combination were used to provide a biomimetic microenvironment, which not only includes biological cues, but also provides the desired mechanical properties. The progress in materials science has revealed

• biomimetic nanocomposites to imitate pseudostratified features of the ECM to develop bioinspired scaffolds [47][48][49]. 3.1.2.1 Nanoparticles (NPs). In recent years, NPs have been increasingly used in regenerative medicine (Table 1) and other medical areas. NPs have been successfully developed for drug

• the controlled and sustained release of KGN [71]. 3.1.2.2 Nanofibers. Nanofibers are a versatile class of nanomaterials characterized by two nanoscale dimensions and a third larger dimension (below 1000 nm) [33][101]. Their biomimetic properties and simplicity of fabrication make nanofibers potential

Self-assembly of amino acids toward functional biomaterials

• Huan Ren,
• Lifang Wu,
• Lina Tan,
• Yanni Bao,
• Yuchen Ma,
• Yong Jin and
• Qianli Zou

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1140–1150, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.85

• these nanostructures. Therefore, as a new strategy, amino acid self-assembly needs further research to explore the biomimetic and biomedical applications of micro- and nanomaterials. Schematic diagram of amino acid regulatory self-assembly (amino acid–drugs, amino acid–photosensitizers, amino acid–metal

Comprehensive review on ultrasound-responsive theranostic nanomaterials: mechanisms, structures and medical applications

• Sepand Tehrani Fateh,
• Lida Moradi,
• Elmira Kohan,
• Michael R. Hamblin and
• Amin Shiralizadeh Dezfuli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 808–862, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.64

Recent progress in magnetic applications for micro- and nanorobots

• Ke Xu,
• Shuang Xu and
• Fanan Wei

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 744–755, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.58

• used in medical MNRs [26]. For example, based on the combination of copolymer brushes and superparamagnetic nanoparticles, a biomimetic nanoreactor was proposed. It contained a magnetic field-responsive catalytic system, namely magnetic field-responsive binary deoxyribozyme (MaBiDZ) [27]. Also, it

• , with which cancer cells and non-cancerous cells can be distinguished. Furthermore, a cell sensor that uses MaBiDz for rapid detection and imaging of target mRNA biomarkers of metastatic breast cancer has been realized. Its function shows that it is likely to be used as a biomimetic organelle MNR in the

Physical constraints lead to parallel evolution of micro- and nanostructures of animal adhesive pads: a review

• Thies H. Büscher and
• Stanislav N. Gorb

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 725–743, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.57

• might be potentially interesting for engineers as a kind of optimal solution by nature, the biomimetic implications of the discussed results are briefly presented. Keywords: adhesion; attachment devices; biomechanics; convergence; friction; substrate compliance; Review Animal attachment systems

• relatively high separation, the contribution of viscous forces to the adhesion and friction are enhanced due to the presence of a thin fluid layer in the contact area [247]. Significance for biomimetic applications Several different approaches to mimic natural adhesive systems have already been published

• great approach for the advancement of biomimetic innovations. For example, further research on the material–function relationship of the attachment pads can be useful for technical applications of artificial attachment systems with either surface-specific use or to provide universal solutions for

The impact of molecular tumor profiling on the design strategies for targeting myeloid leukemia and EGFR/CD44-positive solid tumors

• Nikola Geskovski,
• Nadica Matevska-Geshkovska,
• Simona Dimchevska Sazdovska,
• Marija Glavas Dodov,
• Kristina Mladenovska and
• Katerina Goracinova

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 375–401, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.31

• itself proved to be non-toxic to healthy BALB/c mice. The co-delivery strategy has the potential to overcome therapy-induced niche-mediated leukemia resistance in AML. Dong et al. developed a biomimetic NDDS composed of a mesoporous silica nanoparticulate core loaded with daunorubicin and coated with