Bio-imaging with the helium-ion microscope: A review

• Matthias Schmidt,
• James M. Byrne and
• Ilari J. Maasilta

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1–23, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.1

Helium ion microscope – secondary ion mass spectrometry for geological materials

• Matthew R. Ball,
• Richard J. M. Taylor,
• Joshua F. Einsle,
• Fouzia Khanom,
• Christelle Guillermier and
• Richard J. Harrison

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1504–1515, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.133

• , but is not significantly lower without this point included, remaining higher than the terrestrial range of variation [30]. Lithium isotope line profiles have also been measured, taking sequential maps perpendicular to deformed cleavage planes found in a sample of Li-rich biotite mica. These deformed

• cleavage planes are shown perpendicular to the c-axis of the biotite in Figure 10a. Again, δ7Li values are calculated relative to the average across all measurements, showing variation from the average values, rather than true isotopic variation. Figure 10b shows the isotopic variations across the sample

• the external error across all measurements in grey. a) Examples of deformed cleavage planes in a Li-rich biotite mica shown parallel to the c-axis and b) δ7Li values for vertical strips taken perpendicular to the scanning direction of the beam, along the green line in a). Each vertical grey line

In situ observation of biotite (001) surface dissolution at pH 1 and 9.5 by advanced optical microscopy

• Chiara Cappelli,
• Daniel Lamarca-Irisarri,
• Jordi Camas,
• F. Javier Huertas and
• Alexander E. S. Van Driessche

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 665–673, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.67

• used to study the mechanisms controlling the biotite (001) surface dissolution at pH 1 (11 and 25 °C) and pH 9.5 (50 °C). Step edges are the preferential sites of dissolution and lead to step retreat, regardless of the solution pH. At pH 1, layer swelling and peeling takes place, whereas at pH 9.5

• fibrous structures (streaks) form at the step edges. Confocal Raman spectroscopy characterization of the reacted surface could not confirm if the formation of a secondary phase was responsible for the presence of these structures. Keywords: biotite; dissolution mechanism; environmental; in situ

• minerals at the micro- and meso-scales over long time can be obtained. In this study we investigate the reactivity of the cleaved biotite (001) surface, at pH 1 and pH ca. 9.5, by using in situ flow-through LCM-DIM experiments, combined with phase shifting interferometry (PSI). The experimental results are

Nanomanipulation and environmental nanotechnology

• Enrico Gnecco,
• Andre Schirmeisen,
• Carlos M. Pina and
• Udo Becker

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2079–2080, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.216

• based on polyethylene oxide. The surface reactivity of minerals in contact with aqueous solutions can be investigated by laser confocal microscopy, as shown on the example of dissolution of the mineral biotite in solutions with acid and basic pH. Recent nanofiltration techniques are reviewed with