Fabrication of nanocrystal forms of ᴅ-cycloserine and their application for transdermal and enteric drug delivery systems

• Hsuan-Ang Tsai,
• Tsai-Miao Shih,
• Theodore Tsai,
• Jhe-Wei Hu,
• Yi-An Lai,
• Jui-Fu Hsiao and
• Guochuan Emil Tsai

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 465–474, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.42

• of drugs. Aqueous solution or mixed emulsion solution of DCS were not appropriate formulations for penetrating the Franz diffusion system due to their high hydrophilicity. We found a suitable hydrophobic composition to overcome this barrier. In addition, it has been reported that nanoparticles with a

Superconducting spin valve effect in Co/Pb/Co heterostructures with insulating interlayers

• Andrey A. Kamashev,
• Nadir N. Garif’yanov,
• Aidar A. Validov,
• Vladislav Kataev,
• Alexander S. Osin,
• Yakov V. Fominov and
• Ilgiz A. Garifullin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 457–464, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.41

• increased complexity of these interfaces as compared with the ideal metallic contacts between the layers. Though experimentally the formation of an insulating interlayer by oxidation appears to be a doable task, their characteristics, such as thickness, exact composition, and physical properties, cannot be

Classification and application of metal-based nanoantioxidants in medicine and healthcare

• Nguyen Nhat Nam,
• Nguyen Khoi Song Tran,
• Tan Tai Nguyen,
• Nguyen Ngoc Trai,
• Nguyen Phuong Thuy,
• Hoang Dang Khoa Do,
• Nhu Hoa Thi Tran and
• Kieu The Loan Trinh

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 396–415, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.36

• nanomaterials with more hydroxy groups in the stoichiometric composition generally tend to exhibit higher CAT activity because hydroxy groups enhance ion exchange on the surface of nanomaterials by providing active sites [35][36]. The CAT-like activity was also investigated in copper-based nanomaterials by

• nanoantioxidants, inheriting excellent properties of nanomaterials such as large specific surface area, high catalytic activity, and tunable structure and composition, have great potential for providing effective and safe treatment for oxidative stress-related diseases. However, regarding the translation from

Investigating ripple pattern formation and damage profiles in Si and Ge induced by 100 keV Ar⁺ ion beam: a comparative study

• Indra Sulania,
• Harpreet Sondhi,
• Tanuj Kumar,
• Sunil Ojha,
• G R Umapathy,
• Ambuj Mishra,
• Ambuj Tripathi,
• Richa Krishna,
• Devesh Kumar Avasthi and
• Yogendra Kumar Mishra

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 367–375, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.33

• channelling mode have been used to study defects in crystals for more than a few decades now [33][34]. It imparts the useful information about the structure and composition of materials through the damage fraction studies of ion-bombarded crystalline samples by detecting the backscattered beam of high-energy

• the structure and composition of the materials by measuring the backscattering of a beam of high-energy ions (He+) impinging on a sample. The RBS-channelling spectra of deep ion implants in Si and Ge were analysed to extract the depth profiles of the displaced atoms. Figure 4 shows the aligned spectra

Controllable physicochemical properties of WO_x thin films grown under glancing angle

• Rupam Mandal,
• Aparajita Mandal,
• Alapan Dutta,
• Rengasamy Sivakumar,
• Sanjeev Kumar Srivastava and
• Tapobrata Som

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 350–359, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.31

• bias voltage was applied to the p-Si substrates, whereas the WOx films were kept grounded. The crystallinity of the WOx films was examined using X-ray diffraction (XRD) (Bruker) under Bragg–Brentano geometry (θ–2θ) in an angular window of 2θ = 20° to 80°. The chemical composition of the WOx films was

• variability in bandgap energies, we recall that the optical bandgap of this class of materials is a function of defect density and stoichiometric composition, which is mainly governed by the OV concentration within the films [39][40]. To probe any possible variation in OV concentration and stoichiometry

Exploring the relationships between physiochemical properties of nanoparticles and cell damage to combat cancer growth using simple periodic table-based descriptors

• Joyita Roy and
• Kunal Roy

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 297–309, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.27

• metals in the cellular membrane can lead to the leakage of cellular content [22]. The “D1metal” descriptor signifies the total number of metal atoms in the MeOx NP composition. An increase in the number of metals can have a detrimental effect on cells by impacting ROS generation. The positive coefficient

Multiscale modelling of biomolecular corona formation on metallic surfaces

• Parinaz Mosaddeghi Amini,
• Ian Rouse,
• Julia Subbotina and
• Vladimir Lobaskin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 215–229, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.21

• protein corona composition in the deposited milk layer on aluminum surfaces. We consider a simplified model of milk, which is composed of the six most abundant milk proteins found in natural cow milk and lactose, which is the most abundant sugar found in dairy. Through our study, we ranked selected

• the mechanisms underlying the formation of NP protein corona, a complex layer of biomolecules that surrounds NPs upon their exposure to biological fluids [19][20]. It is widely recognized that composition and configuration of the protein corona play a crucial role in determining the biochemical

• of the NP, which is influenced by its physicochemical composition, (ii) the interface between the solid NP and the surrounding liquid environment, where notable changes occur upon interaction, and (iii) the contact zone between the solid–liquid interface and biological substrates (Figure 2) [22]. In

CdSe/ZnS quantum dots as a booster in the active layer of distributed ternary organic photovoltaics

• Gabriela Lewińska,
• Piotr Jeleń,
• Zofia Kucia,
• Maciej Sitarz,
• Łukasz Walczak,
• Bartłomiej Szafraniak,
• Jerzy Sanetra and
• Konstanty W. Marszalek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 144–156, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.14

• 23.8% enhancement compared with the undoped device [67]. CQD/polymer hybrid solar cells reached 12% efficiency [68]. The devices were used in a CQD/small molecule acceptor–bridge–polymer hybrid composition. For black phosphorous quantum dots (BPQDs) devices, the PCE was enhanced from 11.8 to 13.1% for

In situ optical sub-wavelength thickness control of porous anodic aluminum oxide

• Aleksandrs Dutovs,
• Raimonds Popļausks,
• Oskars Putāns,
• Vladislavs Perkanuks,
• Aušrinė Jurkevičiūtė,
• Tomas Tamulevičius,
• Uldis Malinovskis,
• Iryna Olyshevets,
• Donats Erts and
• Juris Prikulis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 126–133, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.12

• spectra (Figure 2). Above considerations set the lower limit of applicability of presented thickness monitoring through fitting to a single layer TMM model. Below approximately 200 nm thickness, the alumina layer contains a significant volume of material with uncertain composition, which would require a

Assessing phytotoxicity and tolerance levels of ZnO nanoparticles on Raphanus sativus: implications for widespread adoptions

• Pathirannahalage Sahan Samuditha,
• Nadeesh Madusanka Adassooriya and
• Nazeera Salim

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 115–125, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.11

• ZnO NPs characterization The PXRD technique provides important insights into the chemical composition, physical characteristics of the material and crystallographic structure, and crystalline particle size based on the scattered X-ray beam intensity [20][21]. The PXRD pattern (Figure 1a) of

Development and characterization of potential larvicidal nanoemulsions against Aedes aegypti

• Jonatas L. Duarte,
• Leonardo Delello Di Filippo,
• Anna Eliza Maciel de Faria Mota Oliveira,
• Rafael Miguel Sábio,
• Gabriel Davi Marena,
• Tais Maria Bauab,
• Cristiane Duque,
• Vincent Corbel and
• Marlus Chorilli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 104–114, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.10

• was the one with HLB 16, which has in its composition a greater amount of Tween 20, the more hydrophilic surfactant. It has been shown that a significant difference of the headgroup size of the surfactants has a synergistic effect on emulsion stabilization. Furthermore, the use of mixed surfactants

• the nanoemulsions, suggesting that the nanoemulsification reduces the cytotoxicity of terpenes. It is important to note that the surfactant solutions presented the highest IC50 values, which indicates that the composition of the nanoemulsion may influence its ability to decrease terpene toxicity

Study of the reusability and stability of nylon nanofibres as an antibody immobilisation surface

• Inés Peraile,
• Matilde Gil-García,
• Laura González-López,
• Nushin A. Dabbagh-Escalante,
• Juan C. Cabria-Ramos and
• Paloma Lorenzo-Lozano

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 83–94, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.8

• , because the NFs protects the immunocapture system better than a planar surface specialised for anchoring antibodies, they allow the immunocapture system to extend its shelf life. Experimental Chemicals PA6 was made by electrospinning by Tecnalia Research & Innovation, the composition of the ultrathin NFs

Berberine-loaded polylactic acid nanofiber scaffold as a drug delivery system: The relationship between chemical characteristics, drug-release behavior, and antibacterial efficiency

• Le Thi Le,
• Hue Thi Nguyen,
• Liem Thanh Nguyen,
• Huy Quang Tran and
• Thuy Thi Thu Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 71–82, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.7

• BBR powder and BBR NPs were separately added into the PLA solutions and continuously stirred for 2 h at 40 °C to obtain yellow clear solutions of BBR/PLA and BBR NPs/PLA, respectively. The amount of BBR in these solutions was calculated as 1.0 wt % of PLA composition. Nanofiber scaffolds of PLA, BBR

Influence of conductive carbon and MnCo₂O₄ on morphological and electrical properties of hydrogels for electrochemical energy conversion

• Sylwia Pawłowska,
• Karolina Cysewska,
• Yasamin Ziai,
• Jakub Karczewski,
• Piotr Jasiński and
• Sebastian Molin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 57–70, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.6

• tissues. The amount of water absorbed depends on factors such as the structure of the hydrogel, the composition of the precursor hydrogel solution, the cross-link density, and the technique of its synthesis. The simple reaction of one or more monomers is used for the production of this kind of material [1

• ). Hydrogel sample preparation Hydrogels with conductive and catalyst particles dispersed throughout were synthesised via a one-step polymerisation procedure – all components were dissolved or suspended in a hydrogel precursor solution (Figure 6). The hydrogel precursor solution was a composition of NIPAAm

• an accelerating voltage of 10 kV. Before imaging, the hydrogel samples were freeze-dried and coated with a 10 nm gold layer. The chemical composition of the hydrogel was analysed with a Thermo Fisher Scientific silicon drift detector energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscope. For characterisation of the

Curcumin-loaded nanostructured systems for treatment of leishmaniasis: a review

• Douglas Dourado,
• Thayse Silva Medeiros,
• Éverton do Nascimento Alencar,
• Edijane Matos Sales and
• Fábio Rocha Formiga

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 37–50, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.4

• nanostructured systems that promote increased leishmanicidal activity and can encapsulate curc as a therapeutic alternative for the treatment of leishmaniasis. Metallic nanoparticles Metallic nanoparticles (MNPs) are versatile nanostructures due to their tunability in shape, composition, size, structure

Nanotechnological approaches in the treatment of schistosomiasis: an overview

• Lucas Carvalho,
• Michelle Sarcinelli and
• Beatriz Patrício

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 13–25, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.2

• . mansoni in vivo. After that, the same group, in 2015, developed lipid nanocapsules positively charged (cationic) and tested them with and without oleic acid as a membrane permeabilizer in the composition. Both nanoformulations were able to reduce the whole treatment of schistosomiasis in mice to one

Fluorescent bioinspired albumin/polydopamine nanoparticles and their interactions with Escherichia coli cells

• Eloïse Equy,
• Jordana Hirtzel,
• Sophie Hellé,
• Béatrice Heurtault,
• Eric Mathieu,
• Morgane Rabineau,
• Vincent Ball and
• Lydie Ploux

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1208–1224, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.100

• ). The dispersion was changed by changing the ratio of BSA, but the reaction yield was maintained. This suggests that BSA acted as a “knife” changing the size, but not the composition, of the nanoparticles. The suspension of BSA/PDA NPs was stable over two years of storage in Tris buffer in the dark at

A combined gas-phase dissociative ionization, dissociative electron attachment and deposition study on the potential FEBID precursor [Au(CH₃)₂Cl]₂

• Elif Bilgilisoy,
• Ali Kamali,
• Thomas Xaver Gentner,
• Gerd Ballmann,
• Sjoerd Harder,
• Hans-Peter Steinrück,
• Hubertus Marbach and
• Oddur Ingólfsson

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1178–1199, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.98

• composition and morphology of FEBID deposits fabricated in an ultrahigh-vacuum (UHV) chamber were explored on different surfaces and at varied beam currents. In the gas phase, dissociative ionization was found to lead to significant carbon loss from this precursor, and about 50% of the chlorine was on average

• electron beam energy and current, the substrate material, the environment inside the deposition chamber, and the composition of the precursor [14][15][16][17]. Heretofore, various chemical vapor deposition (CVD) precursors have been applied for FEBID depositions. For gold nanostructures, these include, for

• -vacuum (UHV) surface science studies and mass spectrometry in high-vacuum (HV) gas-phase investigations [27][28]. In this context, surface science experiments allow for electron-dose-dependent studies of the elemental composition of the deposit, and desorbing ligands may be monitored by means of mass

Elasticity, an often-overseen parameter in the development of nanoscale drug delivery systems

• Agnes-Valencia Weiss and
• Marc Schneider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1149–1156, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.95

• . Furthermore, it should be common that measurement conditions such as temperature, applied force, and indentation speed are provided. Also, if measurements are performed in water or in buffer, the composition needs to be given in order to achieve better comparability. In Table 2, the parameters that need to be

Curcumin-loaded albumin submicron particles with potential as a cancer therapy: an in vitro study

• Nittiya Suwannasom,
• Netsai Sriaksorn,
• Chutamas Thepmalee,
• Krissana Khoothiam,
• Ausanai Prapan,
• Hans Bäumler and
• Chonthida Thephinlap

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1127–1140, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.93

• cancer cells, likely attributed to particle uptake through endocytosis pathways, including phagocytosis and macropinocytosis [51]. The uptake process depends on cell membrane and particle properties, including size, shape, composition, and surface properties. These factors play a crucial role in particle

Properties of tin oxide films grown by atomic layer deposition from tin tetraiodide and ozone

• Kristjan Kalam,
• Peeter Ritslaid,
• Tanel Käämbre,
• Aile Tamm and
• Kaupo Kukli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1085–1092, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.89

• ZSX Version 5.55 was used to measure the elemental composition of films. A spectroscopic ellipsometer, model GES5-E, was used for the measurements of film thicknesses and refractive indices. Ellipsometric data was modelled using the Cauchy dispersion model. The crystal structure was evaluated by

Dual-heterodyne Kelvin probe force microscopy

• Benjamin Grévin,
• Fatima Husainy,
• Dmitry Aldakov and
• Cyril Aumaître

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1068–1084, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.88

• electron trapping centres. The blend morphology, phase composition and concentration gradients of the donor and acceptor species (through the film thickness) can therefore have a dramatic impact on the SPV decay dynamics probed by KPFM. The sample investigated in this work has been specifically processed

• our previous pp-KPFM measurements on PTB7:PC71BM blends [4][11], which showed that the SPV decay time constant can vary from tens of µs to several hundreds of µs, depending on the morphology and phase composition. Doing so, we maximized our chances to generate a time-dependent SPV (which first

Experimental investigation of usage of POE lubricants with Al₂O₃, graphene or CNT nanoparticles in a refrigeration compressor

• Kayhan Dağıdır and
• Kemal Bilen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1041–1058, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.86

• cannot be clearly determined in FE-SEM micrograph, but the primary particle size is smaller than 50 nm. On the other hand, EDS analysis was conducted on the Al2O3 sample to determine the elemental composition and purity of Al2O3 nanoparticles. The result of the EDS analysis is given in Figure 2b and it

• determine the elemental composition and purity of the graphene nanomaterial. The results of the EDS analysis are given in Figure 4c, which reveals the existence of C and Selements, with atomic weight percentages of 99.7 and 0.3, respectively. The origin of the detected S, as revealed by EDS analysis, may be

• bundles. The EDS was conducted on the CNT sample to determine the elemental composition and purity of the CNT nanoparticles. The result of the EDS analysis is given in Figure 6c. Accordingly, the EDS analysis revealed the existence of C and Mg elements, with atomic weight percentages of 99.8 and 0.2

Recognition mechanisms of hemoglobin particles by monocytes – CD163 may just be one

• Jonathan-Gabriel Nimz,
• Pichayut Rerkshanandana,
• Chiraphat Kloypan,
• Ulrich Kalus,
• Saranya Chaiwaree,
• Axel Pruß,
• Radostina Georgieva,
• Yu Xiong and
• Hans Bäumler

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1028–1040, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.85

• ., hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity) also played a role. Together with the particle composition, this might be a possible explanation for the difference in the results of Champion et al. and our own. Buehler et al. observed a dependence on particle size in their studies of direct Hb/HBOC–CD163 interaction. HBOCs from

A visible-light photodetector based on heterojunctions between CuO nanoparticles and ZnO nanorods

• Doan Nhat Giang,
• Nhat Minh Nguyen,
• Duc Anh Ngo,
• Thanh Trang Tran,
• Le Thai Duy,
• Cong Khanh Tran,
• Thi Thanh Van Tran,
• Phan Phuong Ha La and
• Vinh Quang Dang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1018–1027, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.84

• composition of the materials. The morphology of pure CuO NPs and CuO NPs/ZnO NRs was examined by field-emission scanning electron microscopy. UV–vis absorption spectroscopy showed the optical properties of the materials. The photodetector performance was studied through the current–voltage (I–V