CdSe/ZnS quantum dots as a booster in the active layer of distributed ternary organic photovoltaics

• Gabriela Lewińska,
• Piotr Jeleń,
• Zofia Kucia,
• Maciej Sitarz,
• Łukasz Walczak,
• Bartłomiej Szafraniak,
• Jerzy Sanetra and
• Konstanty W. Marszalek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 144–156, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.14

• profile. The addition of quantum dots to the layer increases its roughness parameters. The surface also shows greater morphological differentiation in the form of numerous peaks present throughout the surface. The third component in the BHJ for the systems studied so far supported a reduction in roughness

Berberine-loaded polylactic acid nanofiber scaffold as a drug delivery system: The relationship between chemical characteristics, drug-release behavior, and antibacterial efficiency

• Le Thi Le,
• Hue Thi Nguyen,
• Liem Thanh Nguyen,
• Huy Quang Tran and
• Thuy Thi Thu Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 71–82, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.7

• 21 days and inhibited the growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacteria. Human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells were well attached and proliferated on the surface of the LAP/AMX functionalized PLA scaffolds, which provided a bacteria-free environment for bone differentiation in the

Hierarchically patterned polyurethane microgrooves featuring nanopillars or nanoholes for neurite elongation and alignment

• Lester Uy Vinzons,
• Guo-Chung Dong and
• Shu-Ping Lin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1157–1168, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.96

• compartments, such as the nucleus, filopodia, and focal adhesions, resulting in the modulation of signal cascades that leads to changes in cell proliferation, attachment, orientation, and differentiation, among others [2]. In nerve tissue engineering, the implant micro- and nanotopography serve as physical

• cues that promote nerve cell survival, neural stem cell recruitment and differentiation, and axonal guidance and regeneration [3]. The ability of topographical features to guide axons is particularly important in peripheral nerve regeneration, where unidirectional continuous micro-/nanostructures, such

• microenvironment. While several of these focused on stem cell differentiation [9][10], a couple of studies explored their effects on axonal guidance. Lee et al. [11] found that nanorough microridges composed of laser-patterned Al/Al2O3 nanowires increase cell attachment and effectively guide dorsal root ganglia

Exploring internal structures and properties of terpolymer fibers via real-space characterizations

• Michael R. Roenbeck and
• Kenneth E. Strawhecker

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1004–1017, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.83

• apparent skin–core differentiation in the microstructure (e.g., as in Kevlar®) is observed [11][13][14][15][16]. The lack of evidence for a skin–core structure in Technora® was referenced in an earlier study by Derombise et al. [17], but to our knowledge, this is the first time this has been directly shown

• (Figure 7c), which would necessitate fibrils breaking or separating in a manner inconsistent with brittle failure. Second, the presence or absence of skin–core differentiation likely plays a critical role in dictating the distributions of the tensile strengths of these fibers as well. Şahin et al. suggest

• differentiation in Technora®, evidenced here via real-space scans, should also lead to more consistent strength values. Additional mechanical properties Significant connections can also be made between the structures of Technora® and Kevlar® fibers and other mechanical properties, such as creep and fatigue

Green SPIONs as a novel highly selective treatment for leishmaniasis: an in vitro study against Leishmania amazonensis intracellular amastigotes

• Brunno R. F. Verçoza,
• Robson R. Bernardo,
• Luiz Augusto S. de Oliveira and
• Juliany C. F. Rodrigues

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 893–903, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.73

• ability of both promastigotes and intracellular amastigotes to uptake SPIONs from the culture medium. The acquisition of iron by Leishmania intracellular amastigotes that live inside mammalian host cells is important for cell differentiation and the pathogenesis of the disease [19][20][21]. Thus, it is

Current-induced mechanical torque in chiral molecular rotors

• Richard Korytár and
• Ferdinand Evers

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 711–721, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.57

• EOM dimensionless, where now the dots indicate differentiation with respect to and we defined , which is a quantity of the order of unity, and is a dimensionless damping rate. Notice the appearance of the small parameter , which, however, is here often multiplied by the large velocity . EOM for the

• particle The substitution of leaves the second EOM in the form where we introduced and the dot indicates differentiation with respect to . At the entry point, s = 0, the velocity of the particle equals dz(0)/dt. The expression describes the inverse dwell time δτ. We shall assume that δτ = 10−2T and

Nanotechnology – a robust tool for fighting the challenges of drug resistance in non-small cell lung cancer

• Filip Gorachinov,
• Fatima Mraiche,
• Diala Alhaj Moustafa,
• Ola Hishari,
• Yomna Ismail,
• Jensa Joseph,
• Maja Simonoska Crcarevska,
• Marija Glavas Dodov,
• Nikola Geskovski and
• Katerina Goracinova

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 240–261, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.23

• gastrointestinal tract and distributed in the body, they interact with EGFR signaling pathways of many normal cells influencing their proliferation, differentiation, migration, and apoptosis. This leads to side effects, including rash, erythema, diarrhea, gastrointestinal perforations, ocular lesions, and

Hydroxyapatite–bioglass nanocomposites: Structural, mechanical, and biological aspects

• Olga Shikimaka,
• Mihaela Bivol,
• Bogdan A. Sava,
• Marius Dumitru,
• Christu Tardei,
• Beatrice G. Sbarcea,
• Daria Grabco,
• Constantin Pyrtsac,
• Daria Topal,
• Andrian Prisacaru,
• Vitalie Cobzac and
• Viorel Nacu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1490–1504, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.123

• favorable for bone cell proliferation, although a high pH value may be detrimental to optimal osteoblast metabolism [14]. It was shown, for example, that values of pH 7.0–7.5 were optimal for osteoclast differentiation and proliferation [57]. MTT assay and biocompatibility of composites Figure 9 shows the

Frequency-dependent nanomechanical profiling for medical diagnosis

• Santiago D. Solares and
• Alexander X. Cartagena-Rivera

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1483–1489, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.122

• cells as well as healthy human melanocytes and fibroblasts, showing that clear cell differentiation is possible when a wide frequency range is considered instead of a single number such as a pseudo-Young’s modulus. Furthermore, such representations would be extremely useful to evaluate the gradual

Rapid and sensitive detection of box turtles using an electrochemical DNA biosensor based on a gold/graphene nanocomposite

• Abu Hashem,
• M. A. Motalib Hossain,
• Ab Rahman Marlinda,
• Mohammad Al Mamun,
• Khanom Simarani and
• Mohd Rafie Johan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1458–1472, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.120

• differentiate BT DNA from DNAs of other animals by using differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) using methylene blue (MB) as a redox species. Results and Discussion Design of a unique probe for BT The identification and differentiation of different species is difficult because related species share many

Design of surface nanostructures for chirality sensing based on quartz crystal microbalance

• Yinglin Ma,
• Xiangyun Xiao and
• Qingmin Ji

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1201–1219, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.100

• films with different network densities, according to the linker lengths, were constructed on the surface of the QCM electrode. The film density changed with the sulfhydryl linker length which may influence the detection performance. The chiral differentiation factor for R/S-methyl lactate may increase

Biomimetic chitosan with biocomposite nanomaterials for bone tissue repair and regeneration

• Se-Kwon Kim,
• Sesha Subramanian Murugan,
• Pandurang Appana Dalavi,
• Sebanti Gupta,
• Sukumaran Anil,
• Gi Hun Seong and
• Jayachandran Venkatesan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1051–1067, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.92

• oxide, zinc oxide, carbon nanotubes, graphene oxide, and biosilica was developed to improve bone scaffolds for better bone tissue repair and regeneration [11]. In tissue engineering applications, nanoscale topological characteristics influence cell adhesion, survival, proliferation, and differentiation

• . The rough surface of the materials at the nanoscale helps cellular peptide adhesion for better stem cell growth and differentiation [12][13]. Nanomaterials have several advantages such as high surface area, increased mechanical strength, and induction of several important genes for bone tissue repair

• and regeneration [14]. Nanomaterials such as silver [15], gold [16][17], titanium oxide [18], zinc oxide [19][20], carbon nanotubes [21][22], graphene [23] and biosilica have been studied in terms of their osteogenic potential in stem cell differentiation. Chitosan materials are often combined with

Bioselectivity of silk protein-based materials and their bio-inspired applications

• Hendrik Bargel,
• Vanessa T. Trossmann,
• Christoph Sommer and
• Thomas Scheibel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 902–921, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.81

• interaction partners for the cellular receptors mentioned above and contain binding sites for further biologically active molecules, including growth factors, which stimulate several subsequent cellular responses, such as growth or differentiation [20][21][22][23]. Prominent examples of ECM proteins are

• embryonic differentiation, cell morphology, cell migration, and thrombosis [19]. The function of fibronectin as a cell-binding molecule involves its recognition by integrins through short peptide motifs, among them the prominent Arg–Gly–Asp (RGD) and Leu–Asp–Val–Pro (LDVP) sequences [19]. 1.2 Applications

A superconducting adiabatic neuron in a quantum regime

• Marina V. Bastrakova,
• Dmitrii S. Pashin,
• Dmitriy A. Rybin,
• Andrey E. Schegolev,
• Nikolay V. Klenov,
• Igor I. Soloviev,
• Anastasiya A. Gorchavkina and
• Arkady M. Satanin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 653–665, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.57

• approximation, we reduced it to the Pauli master equation (we present the results of modeling for the generalized master equation with and without the secular approximation in Appendix 3): where the dots denote a differentiation by normalized time, Wmn is the transition rate from the state n to m given by the

Quantitative dynamic force microscopy with inclined tip oscillation

• Philipp Rahe,
• Daniel Heile,
• Reinhard Olbrich and
• Michael Reichling

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 610–619, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.53

• result of projecting the vectorial force onto The force gradient along the tip path and projected to is calculated by numerical differentiation along of the force field. The result is used to calculate frequency shift Δf data from Equation 23 for φ = −π/2. As an example, we use parameters for a

Micro- and nanotechnology in biomedical engineering for cartilage tissue regeneration in osteoarthritis

• Zahra Nabizadeh,
• Mahmoud Nasrollahzadeh,
• Hamed Daemi,
• Mohamadreza Baghaban Eslaminejad,
• Ali Akbar Shabani,
• Mehdi Dadashpour,
• Majid Mirmohammadkhani and
• Davood Nasrabadi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 363–389, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.31

• cues, and surface stiffness in osteochondral tissue differentiation and engineering is discussed with examples from recent studies that highlight their importance in tissue engineering applications. 2 Articular cartilage biology The composition and complex structure of articular cartilage need to be

• engineering cartilage tissue structures. 3.1.1 Application of microspheres in chondrogenic differentiation. Microspheres are used in drug delivery systems because of their spatiotemporally controlled release capabilities (see Table 2 below). They are small spherical particles from organic or inorganic

• equipped with controlled release systems for chondrogenic differentiation is a major concern of recent investigations. Ansboro et al. have developed a hyaluronan-based chondromimetic microsphere system to deliver transforming growth factor beta 3 (TGF-β3) growth factor for in situ chondrogenic

A broadband detector based on series YBCO grain boundary Josephson junctions

• Egor I. Glushkov,
• Alexander V. Chiginev,
• Leonid S. Kuzmin and
• Leonid S. Revin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 325–333, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.27

• there are N junctions connected in series one after another with a common load in parallel to all junctions (see Figure 5, left). The circuit equations describing the current–voltage relation are [27][28][29]: where ϕi is the Josephson phase in the i-th junction, and the overdot denotes differentiation

Effects of drug concentration and PLGA addition on the properties of electrospun ampicillin trihydrate-loaded PLA nanofibers

• Tuğba Eren Böncü and
• Nurten Ozdemir

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 245–254, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.19

• mechanical properties of nanofibers. Enhanced mechanical properties are known to improve cell viability and differentiation [34]. The mechanical properties of all PLA nanofibers (PLA, PLA/PCL, and PLA/PLGA) are suitable. However, the production of PLA/PLGA nanofibers provides an advantage as it leads to

• improved mechanical properties compared to those of PLA nanofibers and PLA/PCL nanofibers, improving cell viability and differentiation. Conclusion Nanofibers can be effectively used in tissue engineering and controlled drug delivery due to their structural properties, which are morphologically similar to

• thus a decrease in the mechanical properties of the PLA nanofibers. PLA/PLGA nanofibers may be advantageous for improving cell viability and differentiation thanks to its advanced mechanical properties compared to those of PLA nanofibers. Nevertheless, the mechanical properties of all nanofibers

Engineered titania nanomaterials in advanced clinical applications

• Padmavati Sahare,
• Paulina Govea Alvarez,
• Juan Manual Sanchez Yanez,
• Gabriel Luna-Bárcenas,
• Samik Chakraborty,
• Sujay Paul and
• Miriam Estevez

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 201–218, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.15

• rejection [11]. TiO2 nanomaterials with tailored porosity have already been developed as an alternative orthopedic implantation material as they support cell adhesion, viability, growth, and differentiation, which are favorable in bone tissue growth and biological implant fixation [12]. Moreover, to

• phosphate ions than the rutile phase in body fluids, supporting the deposition of apatite. A titania nanotube array (anatase) showed increased cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation [67]. Titanium heart valves are also very compatible and compete with regular tissue valves [68]. In addition

• , proliferation, and differentiation of the osteoblasts. However, the low fracture toughness and brittleness of akermanite have limited its use in load-bearing sites of bone tissue. To strengthen the mechanical properties nanoscale titania (nano-TiO2) was distributed into the ceramic matrix. A remarkable

Polarity in cuticular ridge development and insect attachment on leaf surfaces of Schismatoglottis calyptrata (Araceae)

• Venkata A. Surapaneni,
• Tobias Aust,
• Thomas Speck and
• Marc Thielen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1326–1338, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.98

• four characteristic growth patterns: (1) basipetal, (2) acropetal, (3) diffused, and (4) bidirectional [15]. Such polarity in leaf growth is a result of direction-dependent cell differentiation, maturation, and proliferation processes along or perpendicular to the direction of the midrib [15][16][17

pH-driven enhancement of anti-tubercular drug loading on iron oxide nanoparticles for drug delivery in macrophages

• Karishma Berta Cotta,
• Sarika Mehra and
• Rajdip Bandyopadhyaya

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1127–1139, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.84

• of THP1 cells were purchased from HiMedia, India. Phorbol 12 myristate acetate (PMA) used for THP1 cell differentiation was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, Germany. Synthesis The synthesis of IONPs and NOR@IONPs was carried out analogously to our previous study [30]. Specifically, IONPs were

• supplemented with 10% FBS was added and the cells were allowed to stabilize for 24 h under identical conditions of temperature and CO2. Differentiation was confirmed by the visualization of adhered cells to the bottom of the culture well, as the THP1 monocytes are suspension cells. The differentiated THP1

Comprehensive review on ultrasound-responsive theranostic nanomaterials: mechanisms, structures and medical applications

• Sepand Tehrani Fateh,
• Lida Moradi,
• Elmira Kohan,
• Michael R. Hamblin and
• Amin Shiralizadeh Dezfuli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 808–862, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.64

• . demonstrated enhanced proliferation and chondrogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells by applying lipid-coated MBs plus low-intensity pulsed US. After treatment, cell proliferation was increased by 40%, and the production of glycosaminoglycan and type II collagen was increased by 17% and 78

Silver nanoparticles induce the cardiomyogenic differentiation of bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells via telomere length extension

• Khosro Adibkia,
• Ali Ehsani,
• Asma Jodaei,
• Ezzatollah Fathi,
• Raheleh Farahzadi and
• Mohammad Barzegar-Jalali

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 786–797, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.62

• possible combination of stem cells and nanotechnology in the treatment of diseases. This study aims to investigate the in vitro effect of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) on the cardiomyogenic differentiation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) through detection of cardiac markers. For

• this purpose, MSCs were isolated from bone marrow resident and differentiated to the cardiac cells using a dedicated medium with Ag-NPs. Also, the cardiomyogenic differentiation of BM-MSCs was confirmed using immunocytochemistry. Then, real-time PCR and western blotting assay were used for measuring

• ; cardiomyogenic differentiation; silver nanoparticles; telomere length; Wnt3/β-catenin signaling pathway; Introduction Cardiac disorders that eventually lead to heart failure cause an increased loss of cardiac cells. There is strong evidence that the progression of heart failure is associated with reduction in

Physical constraints lead to parallel evolution of micro- and nanostructures of animal adhesive pads: a review

• Thies H. Büscher and
• Stanislav N. Gorb

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 725–743, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.57

• details of their evolution, such as changes in morphology, behaviour, or lifestyle remain unresolved. One reason lies in the notable differences in the subgroups of Polyneoptera and their strong ecological differentiation, impeding a reliable reconstruction of the internal relationships for many years

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering of water in aqueous dispersions of silver nanoparticles

• Paulina Filipczak,
• Krzysztof Hałagan,
• Jacek Ulański and
• Marcin Kozanecki

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 497–506, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.40

• values (average of total energy values of the interactions with all neighbouring elements) were taken into account without a detailed differentiation of the particular elements [47][48][49][50]. Each lattice site represented a solvent, here a water molecule or a Ag atom. Two states of water were