Fabrication of nanocrystal forms of ᴅ-cycloserine and their application for transdermal and enteric drug delivery systems

• Hsuan-Ang Tsai,
• Tsai-Miao Shih,
• Theodore Tsai,
• Jhe-Wei Hu,
• Yi-An Lai,
• Jui-Fu Hsiao and
• Guochuan Emil Tsai

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 465–474, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.42

• evaporation. The deionized water was continuously stirred with a Teflon-coated magnetic bar at 32 °C. The samples (0.2 mL) were withdrawn from the release medium at 6, 24, 48, 72, 96, 120, and 144 h and were replaced with an equal volume of deionized water to maintain the filtration. The samples were diluted

Superconducting spin valve effect in Co/Pb/Co heterostructures with insulating interlayers

• Andrey A. Kamashev,
• Nadir N. Garif’yanov,
• Aidar A. Validov,
• Vladislav Kataev,
• Alexander S. Osin,
• Yakov V. Fominov and
• Ilgiz A. Garifullin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 457–464, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.41

• the two magnetic layers. Common knowledge suggests that this spin valve effect, which is due to the S/F proximity effect, is most pronounced in the case of perfect metallic contacts at the interfaces. Nevertheless, in our structures with intentionally deteriorated interfaces, we observed a significant

• oxidized layers became insulating but presumably remained magnetic. In a later experiment by Li et al. [41], the F layers themselves were insulating by design. In this special situation, even a very thin additional nonmagnetic insulating interlayer at the interface immediately suppressed the S/F proximity

• its deposition, thereby, forming an insulating magnetic interlayer at the S/F interface. We consider an oxidation of the Pb layer to be unlikely because it was deposited at a low substrate temperature and exposed to a very low atmospheric pressure for a very short time, as specified above. According

Unveiling the nature of atomic defects in graphene on a metal surface

• Karl Rothe,
• Nicolas Néel and
• Jörg Kröger

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 416–425, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.37

• ; scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy; Introduction Defects in lattices of two-dimensional (2D) materials are considered as promising building blocks for tailoring electronic and phononic band structures, magnetic texture, photon emission, and charge carrier concentration [1]. In addition

• ][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. Even single missing C atoms were demonstrated to severely change electronic [11][13][14][18], mechanical [17], and magnetic [7][8][10][12] characteristics. It is therefore not surprising that the intentional creation of defects, which has mainly been achieved

Classification and application of metal-based nanoantioxidants in medicine and healthcare

• Nguyen Nhat Nam,
• Nguyen Khoi Song Tran,
• Tan Tai Nguyen,
• Nguyen Ngoc Trai,
• Nguyen Phuong Thuy,
• Hoang Dang Khoa Do,
• Nhu Hoa Thi Tran and
• Kieu The Loan Trinh

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 396–415, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.36

• personalized and targeted treatments for sclerosis. Recently developed Fe3O4–CeO2 core–shell NPs have shown great potential as platforms for both the diagnosis and treatment of vascular disorders associated with ROS. This is attributed to their impressive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) capabilities and

Investigating ripple pattern formation and damage profiles in Si and Ge induced by 100 keV Ar⁺ ion beam: a comparative study

• Indra Sulania,
• Harpreet Sondhi,
• Tanuj Kumar,
• Sunil Ojha,
• G R Umapathy,
• Ambuj Mishra,
• Ambuj Tripathi,
• Richa Krishna,
• Devesh Kumar Avasthi and
• Yogendra Kumar Mishra

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 367–375, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.33

• electron microscopy; Introduction Scientific research varying from electronics to photonics, homeland security, high-resolution parallel patterning of magnetic media, biotechnology, and medicine are based upon nanotechnology. These applications require nanopatterning techniques to fabricate devices or

Modulated critical currents of spin-transfer torque-induced resistance changes in NiCu/Cu multilayered nanowires

• Mengqi Fu,
• Roman Hartmann,
• Julian Braun,
• Sergej Andreev,
• Torsten Pietsch and
• Elke Scheer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 360–366, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.32

• vertically patterned magnetic nanowires on a Si substrate. With this approach we fabricated three-dimensional nanowire-based spin valve devices without the need of complex etching processes or additional spacer coating. Through this method, we successfully obtained NiCu/Cu multilayered nanowire arrays with a

• controlled sequence along the long axis of the nanowires. Both magnetic switching and excitation phenomena driven by spin-polarized currents were clearly demonstrated in our NiCu/Cu multilayered nanowires. Moreover, the critical currents for switching and excitation were observed to be modulated in an

• oscillatory manner by the magnetic field in the nanowire-based devices. We present a toy model to qualitatively explain these observations. Keywords: AAO template; critical current; multilayered magnetic nanowires; spin-transfer torque; three-dimensional devices; Introduction Spin-transfer torque (STT) has

Vinorelbine-loaded multifunctional magnetic nanoparticles as anticancer drug delivery systems: synthesis, characterization, and in vitro release study

• Zeynep Özcan and
• Afife Binnaz Hazar Yoruç

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 256–269, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.24

• , magnetic response, and controlled drug release with photothermal effect brings a different perspective to advanced cancer treatment research. Keywords: drug efficacy; iron oxide nanoparticles; photothermal; solvothermal method; Introduction Cancer is a widespread condition characterized by the

• nanostructures employed, particular emphasis has been placed on iron oxide (Fe3O4) nanoparticles. The biocompatibility and low toxicity of Fe3O4 nanoparticles have garnered significant attention in magnetic drug delivery for cancer diagnosis and treatment, primarily because of their magnetic properties [11][12

• ., cancer, diabetes, and atherosclerosis), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), targeted drug delivery, photothermal therapy, gene therapy, and molecular and cellular monitoring [15][16]. Photothermal therapy (PTT), a treatment in which nanostructures are used, induces drug release or damages tumor cells with

Nanocarrier systems loaded with IR780, iron oxide nanoparticles and chlorambucil for cancer theragnostics

• Phuong-Thao Dang-Luong,
• Hong-Phuc Nguyen,
• Loc Le-Tuan,
• Xuan-Thang Cao,
• Vy Tran-Anh and
• Hieu Vu Quang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 180–189, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.17

• nanocarrier that can be loaded with the chemotherapeutic medication chlorambucil and magnetic resonance imaging agents (e.g., iron oxide nanoparticles and near-infrared fluorophore IR780) for theragnostics. Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) was combined with the aforementioned ingredients to generate poly(vinyl

• . Clinical use of superparamagnetic oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) has been authorized [9]. SPIONs have been utilized in magnetic particle imaging (MPI), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computer tomography (CT), and additional imaging models [9][10][11]. SPIONs have been modified to be applicable to a

Modification of graphene oxide and its effect on properties of natural rubber/graphene oxide nanocomposites

• Nghiem Thi Thuong,
• Le Dinh Quang,
• Vu Quoc Cuong,
• Cao Hong Ha,
• Nguyen Ba Lam and
• Seiichi Kawahara

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 168–179, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.16

• with the diffraction angle (2-theta) ranging from 5 to 80°. Solid-state 29Si NMR spectra were recorded with a JNM ECA-400 (JEOL, Japan) spectrometer operating at a magnetic field of 400 MHz. A suitable amount of rubber sample was inserted in an NMR tube and injected into an NMR system equipped with a

Ferromagnetic resonance spectra of linear magnetosome chains

• Elizaveta M. Gubanova and
• Nikolai A. Usov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 157–167, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.15

• chain, the distance between the centers of neighboring particles, the mutual orientation of the cubic axes of particle anisotropy, and the value of the magnetic damping constant is studied. It is shown that FMR spectra of non-oriented chain assemblies depend on the average particle diameter at a fixed

• thickness of the lipid magnetosome membrane, as well as on the value of the magnetic damping constant. At the same time, they are practically independent of the number Np of particles in the chain under the condition Np ≥ 10. The FMR spectra of non-oriented assemblies of magnetosome chains are compared with

• produce elongated magnetite nanoparticles [1][2][10][11]. A linear chain of uniformly magnetized magnetosomes grown inside a magnetotactic bacterium is a kind of magnetic needle that helps the bacterium navigate in the weak Earth's magnetic field in search of the best habitat [1][2][3][4]. Chains of

In situ optical sub-wavelength thickness control of porous anodic aluminum oxide

• Aleksandrs Dutovs,
• Raimonds Popļausks,
• Oskars Putāns,
• Vladislavs Perkanuks,
• Aušrinė Jurkevičiūtė,
• Tomas Tamulevičius,
• Uldis Malinovskis,
• Iryna Olyshevets,
• Donats Erts and
• Juris Prikulis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 126–133, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.12

• samples at constant 40 V potential. Platinum cathode and single crystal Al(100) (MTI Corp. mcALa101010) anode were immersed in 0.3 M oxalic acid electrolyte inside a multiwalled container with a transparent optical window. The container was placed on a magnetic stirrer and cooled to 5 °C. The reflectance

Assessing phytotoxicity and tolerance levels of ZnO nanoparticles on Raphanus sativus: implications for widespread adoptions

• Pathirannahalage Sahan Samuditha,
• Nadeesh Madusanka Adassooriya and
• Nazeera Salim

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 115–125, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.11

• rpm in a magnetic stirrer and NaOH was added dropwise, the mixture was kept under constant stirring for 2 more hours and then sealed and kept overnight. The Zn(OH)2 obtained from the reaction was collected by centrifugation, washed with distilled water, and calcined at 400 °C for 2 h to obtain ZnO NPs

Development and characterization of potential larvicidal nanoemulsions against Aedes aegypti

• Jonatas L. Duarte,
• Leonardo Delello Di Filippo,
• Anna Eliza Maciel de Faria Mota Oliveira,
• Rafael Miguel Sábio,
• Gabriel Davi Marena,
• Tais Maria Bauab,
• Cristiane Duque,
• Vincent Corbel and
• Marlus Chorilli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 104–114, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.10

• . Briefly, an oil phase composed of the terpene (cymene or myrcene) (5% w/w) was mixed with the surfactants (Span 80/Tween 20) (5% w/w) using a magnetic stirrer. After homogenization, the aqueous phase of ultrapure water (90% w/w) was added dropwise. The terpenes were obtained commercially from Sigma

• ethanol (50:50 v/v), pH 5.5. 1 mL of the formulations was used, as allowed by the Franz cell. The acceptor solution was constantly agitated at 300 rpm using mini-magnetic agitators. The temperature was maintained at 37 ± 2 °C by utilizing a circulating heating bath in the jacketed cells. The evaluation of

Berberine-loaded polylactic acid nanofiber scaffold as a drug delivery system: The relationship between chemical characteristics, drug-release behavior, and antibacterial efficiency

• Le Thi Le,
• Hue Thi Nguyen,
• Liem Thanh Nguyen,
• Huy Quang Tran and
• Thuy Thi Thu Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 71–82, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.7

• Berberine nanoparticles were formed through the antisolvent precipitation process described in our previous report [7]. A 7.0 wt % PLA solution was prepared by dissolving the PLA pellets in a solvent mixture of DCM/DMF with a weight ratio of 80/20 under magnetic stirring for 1 h at 50 °C. After that, the

Measurements of dichroic bow-tie antenna arrays with integrated cold-electron bolometers using YBCO oscillators

• Leonid S. Revin,
• Dmitry A. Pimanov,
• Alexander V. Chiginev,
• Anton V. Blagodatkin,
• Viktor O. Zbrozhek,
• Andrey V. Samartsev,
• Anastasia N. Orlova,
• Dmitry V. Masterov,
• Alexey E. Parafin,
• Victoria Yu. Safonova,
• Anna V. Gordeeva,
• Andrey L. Pankratov,
• Leonid S. Kuzmin,
• Anatolie S. Sidorenko,
• Silvia Masi and
• Paolo de Bernardis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 26–36, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.3

• –frequency characteristics of resonant bolometers was set up as follows: The generator chip with JJs was mounted on the sample holder with a 4 mm Si hyperhemispherical lens thermally coupled with a 2.7 K cryostat plate. The control magnetic field required to create a flux-flow regime in a long Josephson

TEM sample preparation of lithographically patterned permalloy nanostructures on silicon nitride membranes

• Joshua Williams,
• Michael I. Faley,
• Joseph Vimal Vas,
• Peng-Han Lu and
• Rafal E. Dunin-Borkowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1–12, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.1

• . Finally, we observed the vortex dynamics of the Py nanodisk under magnetic fields using LTEM and off-axis electron holography. A correlation between preparation methods and the properties of the Py nanostructures was made. Keywords: electron holography; Lorentz transmission electron microscopy; magnetic

• in Py nanodisks [1][2] with independent polarity and helicity [3]. Since then, many studies have been done on manipulating magnetic vortices inside Py nanodisks using micromagnetic simulations [4][5][6] and a variety of magnetic measurement techniques including magnetic force microscopy [7

• ], transmission electron microscopy (TEM) [1][8][9][10][11], scanning transmission X-ray microscopy [12][13], and magneto-optical Kerr effect microscopy [14][15]. Possible applications of Py nanodisks were proposed for zero-hysteresis magnet sensors, magnetic logic devices, and data storage [16]. Py is a nickel

A bifunctional superconducting cell as flux qubit and neuron

• Dmitrii S. Pashin,
• Pavel V. Pikunov,
• Marina V. Bastrakova,
• Andrey E. Schegolev,
• Nikolay V. Klenov and
• Igor I. Soloviev

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1116–1126, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.92

• ][30][31][32]. Furthermore, a natural extension of current progress would be the use of “quantum” degrees of freedom for adiabatic superconducting circuits, which share many similarities with qubits in terms of their representation of information via magnetic flux. From a formal point of view, the

• system under consideration is a superconducting circuit in a quantum state, transforming the input magnetic flux Φin into an output magnetic flux Φout according to a specific (e.g., sigmoidal) function Φout = f(Φin) [33][34]. If we only want to use the circuit in the “classical” neuromorphic mode, the

• transfer characteristic should be such that small fluctuations at the input do not produce a noticeable response, but above a certain threshold, any signal at the input produces a fixed magnetic flux at the output. Also, if it were possible to adapt the ASL cell in a perceptron to process the signal from a

A visible-light photodetector based on heterojunctions between CuO nanoparticles and ZnO nanorods

• Doan Nhat Giang,
• Nhat Minh Nguyen,
• Duc Anh Ngo,
• Thanh Trang Tran,
• Le Thai Duy,
• Cong Khanh Tran,
• Thi Thanh Van Tran,
• Phan Phuong Ha La and
• Vinh Quang Dang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1018–1027, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.84

• temperature. Then, 1 mL HNO3 solution was added dropwise into this mixture under vigorous magnetic stirring. After annealing at 180 °C for 18 h, the black precipitate was washed several times and centrifuged (Supporting Information File 1, Figure S2). The formation of nanoparticles was observed through the

Exploring internal structures and properties of terpolymer fibers via real-space characterizations

• Michael R. Roenbeck and
• Kenneth E. Strawhecker

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1004–1017, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.83

• , this distinction in fundamental chemistry has significant implications for the structures and properties of the resulting fibers. To date, structure–property characterizations of Technora® in the literature have primarily focused on (i) X-ray diffraction (XRD), (ii) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR

• voltage and current of 16 kV and 3.3 nA, respectively. After FIB notching, specimens were mounted onto magnetic discs with double-sided tape as shown (Figure 1c) for AFM characterization [9]. The internal fiber surfaces produced by FIB notching closely match corresponding surfaces obtained using other

Nanoarchitectonics of photothermal materials to enhance the sensitivity of lateral flow assays

• Elangovan Sarathkumar,
• Rajasekharan S. Anjana and
• Ramapurath S. Jayasree

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 988–1003, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.82

• , and magnetic materials [18][19]. Among them, noble metal nanostructures are a new class of photothermal nanomaterials with favourable characteristics to increase the sensitivity of an assay. For example, gold nanoparticles (GNPs) can generate a strong heat signal in addition to the visual colour

• , iron oxide nanoparticles are the most prominent ones because of their biocompatibility, low toxicity, ease of synthesis, and high photothermal conversion efficiency. The influence of a magnetic field can also increase temperature generation by such nanoparticles, which is called magnetic hyperthermia

• a low-power laser source. In a multimodal system of gold, iron oxide, and graphene oxide (GO) nanoparticles, the photothermal properties of graphene, the magnetic properties of iron oxide, and the surface plasmon resonance of gold enable multiple functions in a single system. The presence of gold

Low temperature atomic layer deposition of cobalt using dicobalt hexacarbonyl-1-heptyne as precursor

• Mathias Franz,
• Mahnaz Safian Jouzdani,
• Lysann Kaßner,
• Marcus Daniel,
• Frank Stahr and
• Stefan E. Schulz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 951–963, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.78

• copper-based local interconnects. In consequence, other metals such as tungsten and cobalt are used to replace copper. Recent studies show a line resistance benefit of cobalt compared to tungsten [2][3][4][5]. Because of its ferromagnetism, cobalt is a frequently used metal for magnetic sensor systems

Upscaling the urea method synthesis of CoAl layered double hydroxides

• Camilo Jaramillo-Hernández,
• Víctor Oestreicher,
• Martín Mizrahi and
• Gonzalo Abellán

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 927–938, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.76

• CoAl-LDH synthesis method. We thoroughly study the effects of the mass scale-up (25-fold: up to 375 mM) and the volumetric scale-up (20-fold: up to 2 L). For this, we use a combination of several structural (XRD, TGA, and N2 and CO2 isotherms), microscopic (SEM, TEM, and AFM), magnetic (SQUID), and

• experiments and further characterization in Figure S5 and Figure S6, Supporting Information File 1). Regarding sample x10M, the asymmetry of the (003) reflection observed in PXRD can be an indicator of the presence of an impurity. Furthermore, we have characterized these samples by conventional SQUID magnetic

• measurements. Despite the acute differences in the magnetic behavior of Co-based LDH and simonkolleite-like α-LH [46][54][55], the impurities do not lead to significant changes beyond slight variations in the DC magnetic susceptibility and the out-of-phase contribution of the dynamic susceptibility (Figure S7

Green SPIONs as a novel highly selective treatment for leishmaniasis: an in vitro study against Leishmania amazonensis intracellular amastigotes

• Brunno R. F. Verçoza,
• Robson R. Bernardo,
• Luiz Augusto S. de Oliveira and
• Juliany C. F. Rodrigues

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 893–903, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.73

• , the ability for magnetic manipulation, the possibility of being used in magnetic resonance imaging, and the ability to generate controlled heat non-invasively when exposed to an alternating magnetic field [7][8]. In 2019, our group published an article describing a low-cost green synthesis of SPIONs

• to develop new topical treatments can mean a revolution. SPIONs could be used for topical application, associated with drugs and combined or not with thermotherapy by magnetic hyperthermia. Furthermore, the treatment can be applied to the localized cutaneous lesion, making the treatment more specific

• ). Discussion SPIONs represent a new approach to diagnosing and treating diseases, particularly when associated with magnetic hyperthermia, an emerging form of active treatment [14][15][16][17][18]. However, despite all their potential, the synthesis processes of the SPIONs are characterized by being expensive

Investigations on the optical forces from three mainstream optical resonances in all-dielectric nanostructure arrays

• Guangdong Wang and
• Zhanghua Han

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 674–682, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.53

• the surface of a torus along its meridians, which excite a set of magnetic dipoles (MDs) arranged head-to-tail into a closed loop [5]. First proposed by Zel'dovich in atomic physics [6], and existing widely in elementary particles and condensed matter, such as multiferroic materials [7], the TD cannot

• interact directly with electromagnetic waves and is often masked by electric dipoles (EDs) or magnetic dipoles (MDs) with stronger responses. However, the TD has a unique current distribution, which can generate a strong near-field localization effect, so it has broad application scenarios [8]. The anapole

• perpendicular to and pointing toward the outside of the surface, and ⟨Tij⟩ is the time-averaged MST [18] defined by where the indices i and j denote x, y, or z components of the electric or magnetic field; εr and μr are the relative permittivity and the relative permeability of the surrounding medium

Metal-organic framework-based nanomaterials as opto-electrochemical sensors for the detection of antibiotics and hormones: A review

• Akeem Adeyemi Oladipo,
• Saba Derakhshan Oskouei and
• Mustafa Gazi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 631–673, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.52