Application of nanoarchitectonics in moist-electric generation

• Jia-Cheng Feng and
• Hong Xia

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1185–1200, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.99

• biocompatibility and plasticity. Nanoarchitectonics for MEGs can be constructed using organic or inorganic materials alone, or organic–inorganic composite nanomaterials [29][30][31]. The energy-harvesting component can gather significant amounts of energy for daily use by employing suitable nanomaterials and an

Effects of temperature and repeat layer spacing on mechanical properties of graphene/polycrystalline copper nanolaminated composites under shear loading

• Chia-Wei Huang,
• Man-Ping Chang and
• Te-Hua Fang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 863–877, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.65

• and reinforce the plasticity under shear loading. Figure 11 shows the shear modulus of zigzag graphene/Cu composites with different repeat layer spacings at 300 K. The shear modulus decreases with an increase in layer spacing. For λ = 1.6 nm, the shear modulus is 67 GPa; and for λ = 7 nm, the shear

Nanogenerator-based self-powered sensors for data collection

• Yicheng Shao,
• Maoliang Shen,
• Yuankai Zhou,
• Xin Cui,
• Lijie Li and
• Yan Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 680–693, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.54

• improve the driving safety. The TENG-based self-powered pressure sensor is more sensitive, more stable, and less costly than the near-infrared illuminator, with far-reaching implications for traffic safety. TENG-based electronic skin has more functions. Inspired by the plasticity of human skin nerve

The impact of molecular tumor profiling on the design strategies for targeting myeloid leukemia and EGFR/CD44-positive solid tumors

• Nikola Geskovski,
• Nadica Matevska-Geshkovska,
• Simona Dimchevska Sazdovska,
• Marija Glavas Dodov,
• Kristina Mladenovska and
• Katerina Goracinova

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 375–401, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.31

• plasticity of the leukemic cells combined with diverse resistance mechanisms allows malignant cells to naturally adapt to drugs. Several resistance mechanisms have been acknowledged, including failure of the cell to undergo chemotherapy-induced apoptosis and failure of the drug to reach and/or affect its

Determination of elastic moduli of elastic–plastic microspherical materials using nanoindentation simulation without mechanical polishing

• Hongzhou Li and
• Jialian Chen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 213–221, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.17

• case of pileup and too low in the case of sink-in [10]. Nix and Gao deduced the theory of strain gradient plasticity to interpret the “size effect” of indentation as an increase in physical quantity with the decreasing depth of penetration [11]. Experimental results show that the size effect of

• dominated by plasticity. The surface around the indenter piles up. However, the indenter displacement for E/σy = 10–50 is more elastic. Hence, a larger portion of elasticity is recovered on unloading. The surface around the indenter sinks in. For highly elastic solids, such as polymers, sink-in is often

Magnetohydrodynamic stagnation point on a Casson nanofluid flow over a radially stretching sheet

• Ganji Narender,
• Kamatam Govardhan and
• Gobburu Sreedhar Sarma

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1303–1315, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.114

• decreases for higher values of β. This stems from the fact that the plasticity of the Casson fluid increases when β decreases, leading to an increase in the momentum boundary layer thickness. In addition, the values of the temperature distribution as well as the thermal boundary thickness increase when β

Abrupt elastic-to-plastic transition in pentagonal nanowires under bending

• Sergei Vlassov,
• Magnus Mets,
• Boris Polyakov,
• Jianjun Bian,
• Leonid Dorogin and
• Vahur Zadin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2468–2476, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.237

• attributed to the peculiar inner structure of pentagonal NWs. Qin et al. reported on recoverable plasticity in penta-twinned Ag NWs [31] in tensile tests. The enhanced elasticity, exceptional strength and unexpected brittle failure of pentagonal Ag NWs were reported by Zhu et al. [25] in tensile tests and by

Design of a nanostructured mucoadhesive system containing curcumin for buccal application: from physicochemical to biological aspects

• Sabrina Barbosa de Souza Ferreira,
• Gustavo Braga,
• Évelin Lemos Oliveira,
• Jéssica Bassi da Silva,
• Hélen Cássia Rosseto,
• Lidiane Vizioli de Castro Hoshino,
• Mauro Luciano Baesso,
• Wilker Caetano,
• Craig Murdoch,
• Helen Elizabeth Colley and
• Marcos Luciano Bruschi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2304–2328, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.222

• elasticity and plasticity of the investigated systems. It is suggested in the literature as the most suitable term for the evaluation of the detachment force since it can better detect the differences in mucoadhesive ability [74], as was observed for the formulations with and without CUR. Moreover, the work

Hydrogen-induced plasticity in nanoporous palladium

• Markus Gößler,
• Eva-Maria Steyskal,
• Markus Stütz,
• Norbert Enzinger and
• Roland Würschum

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 3013–3024, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.280

• hydrogen-induced phase transition from PdHβ to PdHα is found to enable internal-stress plasticity (or transformation-mismatch plasticity) in nanoporous palladium, which leads to exceptionally high strains without fracture as a result of external forces. The high surface stress in the nanoporous structure

• in combination with the internal-stress plasticity mechanism leads to a peculiar strain response upon hydrogen sorption and desorption. Critical potentials for the formation of PdHα and PdHβ in npPd are determined. The theoretical concepts to assess the plastic strain response of nanoporous samples

• are elucidated, taking into account characteristics of structure and deformation mechanism. Keywords: electrochemistry; hydride formation; in situ dilatometry; internal-stress plasticity; nanoporous palladium; Introduction Material properties on the nanoscale can differ substantially from their bulk

Friction reduction through biologically inspired scale-like laser surface textures

• Johannes Schneider,
• Vergil Djamiykov and
• Christian Greiner

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2561–2572, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.238

• ratio of the shear strength to the yield pressure of the softer metal [51]. Consequently, the tribological properties of the surface are strongly influenced by the subsurface material and the subsurface microstructure is strongly influenced by the plasticity and the nature of the corresponding

Cryochemical synthesis of ultrasmall, highly crystalline, nanostructured metal oxides and salts

• Elena A. Trusova and
• Nikolai S. Trutnev

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1755–1763, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.166

• important for creating fine-grained ceramics with specified structure and properties. Fine-grained ceramics need a homogenous structure to provide its unique properties of plasticity, high strength, wear-resistance, etc. [12]. We previously reported on the synthesis of nanostructured catalysts consisting of

Comparative study of antibacterial properties of polystyrene films with TiO_x and Cu nanoparticles fabricated using cluster beam technique

• Vladimir N. Popok,
• Cesarino M. Jeppesen,
• Peter Fojan,
• Anna Kuzminova,
• Jan Hanuš and
• Ondřej Kylián

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 861–869, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.80

• the surface coverage of NPs for optimisation of the coating properties. Polymer film as a host material provides flexibility and plasticity to form the composites in required shapes. The tests with E.coli show the antibacterial efficiency of composites with both types of NPs. Since the mechanisms of

Nano-engineered skin mesenchymal stem cells: potential vehicles for tumour-targeted quantum-dot delivery

• Liga Saulite,
• Dominyka Dapkute,
• Karlis Pleiko,
• Ineta Popena,
• Simona Steponkiene,
• Ricardas Rotomskis and
• Una Riekstina

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1218–1230, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.123

• endosomes and lysosomes. Discussion Human MSCs have been widely investigated for their potential use in various therapeutic applications, due to their plasticity and migration ability. It has been proposed that MSC migration towards injury and inflammation sites could be used to deliver diagnostic and

Dispersion of single-wall carbon nanotubes with supramolecular Congo red – properties of the complexes and mechanism of the interaction

• Anna Jagusiak,
• Barbara Piekarska,
• Tomasz Pańczyk,
• Małgorzata Jemioła-Rzemińska,
• Elżbieta Bielańska,
• Barbara Stopa,
• Grzegorz Zemanek,
• Janina Rybarska,
• Irena Roterman and
• Leszek Konieczny

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 636–648, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.68

• units. Elasticity reached of about 200 mArb on the free SWNT (black) compared to mica layer (red) (Figure 11.1A). In Figure 11.2A we observed a thick layer of SWNTs covered by CR with elasticity of about 450 mArb, but also bulbs which show much lower stiffness and higher plasticity. These bulbs were

• characterized by smaller adhesion energy (Figure 11.2B) and highest deformation (Figure 11.2C) and in consequence higher plasticity compared to free SWNTs. The diameter of cholate dispersed nanotubes performed by AFM was 0.6–1 nm, while for CR-dispersed SWNTs 3–4 nm at the sites of weak load (Figure 12). This

• in aqueous media and creates complexes in which the supramolecular character of CR is retained. Congo red presents unique properties as it forms ribbon-like supramolecular assemblies which are quite stable in aqueous solutions but simultaneously show some plasticity [35], important not only for

A new approach to grain boundary engineering for nanocrystalline materials

• Shigeaki Kobayashi,
• Sadahiro Tsurekawa and
• Tadao Watanabe

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1829–1849, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.176

• than that of the Type B specimen (HV = 367), because the degree of grain boundary hardening at low-Σ CSL boundaries is lower than that at random boundaries, as discussed in the previous section. This suggests that there exists some plasticity during the dislocation-boundary interaction. It is worth

The self-similarity theory of high pressure torsion

• Yan Beygelzimer,
• Roman Kulagin,
• Laszlo S. Toth and
• Yulia Ivanisenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1267–1277, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.117

• -similarity. Outside these ranges, the plasticity problem still has to be solved for each value of β. The results obtained have important practical implications for the proper design and analysis of HPT experiments. Keywords: deformation mechanisms; high pressure torsion; nanocrystalline metals; self

• hand, one cannot separate the β-dependence from the dependence on the coordinates, i.e., γ = Γ(r,z,β), then, in order to compute γ, one has to solve a plasticity problem for every angle β. This is what makes the process complex in terms of its mathematical description. The question what makes a complex

• cylindrical coordinate system, r, φ, z (see Figure 1), including (a) the equilibrium equations obtained from div(σ) = 0: (b) the relations between the components of the strain rate tensor and the velocity vector: (c) the von Mises plasticity condition: (d) the associated flow rule: and (e) the constant volume

Unraveling the neurotoxicity of titanium dioxide nanoparticles: focusing on molecular mechanisms

• Bin Song,
• Yanli Zhang,
• Jia Liu,
• Xiaoli Feng,
• Ting Zhou and
• Longquan Shao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 645–654, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.57

• signaling pathways, dysregulated neurotransmitters and synaptic plasticity have also been shown to contribute to neurotoxicity of TiO2 NPs. Recently, studies on autophagy and DNA methylation have shed some light on possible mechanisms of nanotoxicity. Therefore, we offer a new perspective that autophagy and

• distributions of trace elements, disrupted signaling pathways, dysregulated neurotransmitters and synaptic plasticity (Table 1 and Table 2). Recent studies have reported that autophagy [9] and DNA methylation [10][11] are also involved in nanotoxicity (Table 3). Therefore, we hypothesized that autophagy and DNA

• , dysregulated neurotransmitters, and synaptic plasticity. Oxidative stress mechanism Oxidative stress (OS) is defined as the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) or/and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) at a rate much high than the elimination rate after the organism encounters harmful stimulus. OS can

In situ observation of deformation processes in nanocrystalline face-centered cubic metals

• Aaron Kobler,
• Christian Brandl,
• Horst Hahn and
• Christian Kübel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 572–580, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.50

• ] have been discussed (Figure 1a). Dislocation-mediated plasticity in the grain interior is reported to be based on dislocation nucleation at GBs, propagation and eventual absorption in the surrounding GB network, as well as twin nucleation, migration and detwinning (Figure 1a). Such twin activity and

Determination of Young’s modulus of Sb₂S₃ nanowires by in situ resonance and bending methods

• Liga Jasulaneca,
• Raimonds Meija,
• Alexander I. Livshits,
• Juris Prikulis,
• Subhajit Biswas,
• Justin D. Holmes and
• Donats Erts

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 278–283, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.25

• mechanical [27][28] and thermal [29] resonance have all been successfully used to determine the mechanical properties. These techniques allow for the measurement of elastic parameters such as hardness and Young’s modulus, as well as for the investigation of the plasticity of individual NWs [30]. Three

Plasticity-mediated collapse and recrystallization in hollow copper nanowires: a molecular dynamics simulation

• Amlan Dutta,
• Arup Kumar Raychaudhuri and
• Tanusri Saha-Dasgupta

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 228–235, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.21

• copper nanowires using molecular dynamics simulation. We find that the plasticity-mediated structural evolution leads to transformation of the initial hollow structure to a solid wire. The process involves three distinct stages, namely, collapse, recrystallization and slow recovery. We calculate the time

• scales associated with different stages of the evolution process. Our findings suggest a plasticity-mediated mechanism of collapse and recrystallization. This contradicts the prevailing notion of diffusion driven transport of vacancies from the interior to outer surface being responsible for collapse

• , which would involve much longer time scales as compared to the plasticity-based mechanism. Keywords: dislocations; molecular dynamics; nanowire; thermal stability; Introduction Nanomaterials, as compared to bulk, are associated with large surfaces and interfaces with respect to their volume. The

Lower nanometer-scale size limit for the deformation of a metallic glass by shear transformations revealed by quantitative AFM indentation

• Arnaud Caron and
• Roland Bennewitz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1721–1732, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.176

• plastic deformation mechanisms of crystalline Pt(111) are consistent with the discrete mechanisms established for larger scales: Plasticity is mediated by dislocation gliding and no rate dependence is observed. For the metallic glass we have discovered that plastic deformation at the nanometer scale is

• ; metallic glasses; metals; plasticity; shear transformation; Introduction Hardness testing has been widely applied by materials scientists and mechanical engineers to assess the mechanical properties of materials and to predict their behavior during machining processes or under tribological loading for the

• required with a resolution at the level of the relevant structures. First studies of single plasticity events in nanometer scale contacts between a nanometer-sized single asperity and Au(111), (110), and (001) surfaces have been performed by means of interfacial force microscopy (IFM) [5][6]. Indentation

Atomic force microscopy as analytical tool to study physico-mechanical properties of intestinal cells

• Christa Schimpel,
• Oliver Werzer,
• Eleonore Fröhlich,
• Gerd Leitinger,
• Markus Absenger-Novak,
• Birgit Teubl,
• Andreas Zimmer and
• Eva Roblegg

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1457–1466, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.151

• -binding proteins [6]. The main proteins involved are fimbrin and villin, whereby the latter one is the key component and determines organization and plasticity of the F-actin network [7][8]. In contrast, M cells show no brush border with only sparse irregular microvilli [9][10]. Interestingly, in M cells

Influence of grain size and composition, topology and excess free volume on the deformation behavior of Cu–Zr nanoglasses

• Daniel Şopu and
• Karsten Albe

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 537–545, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.56

• interfaces don’t show topological disorder. Our results provide clear evidence that the mechanical properties of metallic NGs can be systematically tuned by controlling the size and the chemical composition of the glassy nanograins. Keywords: enhanced plasticity; metallic glasses; nanoglasses; shear bands

• deformation behavior of nanoglasses has been shown both in computer simulation [11][13][14] and experiment [9][15], where also an enhanced plasticity under compression was observed indicating that not critical shear bands occur. Recent experiments on sputtered nanograined Au-based glasses also showed high

• size and grain composition. Moreover, it is unclear how thermal treatment or mechanical pre-deformation affect the plasticity of NGs. Recently, Adibi et al. [14][16] showed for 2D perodic systems that the plasticity of Cu–Zr NGs of different composition will improve with decreasing grain sizes. In

Carbon-based smart nanomaterials in biomedicine and neuroengineering

• Antonina M. Monaco and
• Michele Giugliano

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1849–1863, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.196

• increased the possibility of finding synaptically-connected pairs of cells, but also that CNTs affected synaptic plasticity. Another interesting feature of CNT-based substrates is that they are able to modulate the developmental onset of neuronal electrical activity in culture, as reported by Fabbro and

Mechanical properties of sol–gel derived SiO₂ nanotubes

• Boris Polyakov,
• Mikk Antsov,
• Sergei Vlassov,
• Leonid M Dorogin,
• Mikk Vahtrus,
• Roberts Zabels,
• Sven Lange and
• Rünno Lõhmus

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1808–1814, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.191

• measured by using different methods. In situ scanning electron microscopy (SEM) cantilever beam bending tests were carried out by using a nanomanipulator equipped with a force sensor in order to investigate plasticity and flexural response of NTs. Nanoindentation and three point bending tests of NTs were

• -pronounced elastic-to-plastic transition [24][31]. Since the bending profile of the test object is registered visually by SEM, the smaller the deformation, the higher the error. In SEM, SiO2 NTs demonstrated limited elasticity and enhanced plasticity, caused by the e-beam promoted generation of defects and

• value of the Young modulus was found to be 24.5 ± 11.1 GPa. Unexpectedly, significant plasticity was observed. Nanoindentation and three-point bending tests were performed on the same set of NTs under ambient conditions, resulting in values of 20.1 ± 7.5 GPa and 41.3 ± 5.8 GPa, respectively. Three-point