Elasticity, an often-overseen parameter in the development of nanoscale drug delivery systems

• Agnes-Valencia Weiss and
• Marc Schneider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1149–1156, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.95

• determine mechanical properties of nanoparticles (or their corresponding bulk materials) highlighting quartz crystal microbalance, rheology, and atomic force microscopy (AFM) are summarized by Li et al. [18]. Another often reported method is particle deformability, being extrusion a possibility for

A new method for obtaining model-free viscoelastic material properties from atomic force microscopy experiments using discrete integral transform techniques

• Berkin Uluutku,
• Enrique A. López-Guerra and
• Santiago D. Solares

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1063–1077, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.79

• or power-law rheology models, among others. Here we propose a new method to invert and obtain the viscoelastic properties of a material through the use of the Z-transform, without using a model. We present the rheological viscoelastic relations in their classical derivation and their z-domain

• cases a continuous distribution of characteristic times is assumed via power-law rheology models [17][22]. Regardless of the model chosen, the strategy encompasses fitting the properties implied by the model to the experimental force–indentation data. In order to enable a new route to viscoelastic

• appropriate for the analysis of viscoelasticity. Guided by the same motivation that has led the classical rheology field to rely on the more general Laplace transform technique for analytical treatments, we rely on the Z-transform to accomplish viscoelastic extraction for finite discrete experimental data

Comprehensive review on ultrasound-responsive theranostic nanomaterials: mechanisms, structures and medical applications

• Sepand Tehrani Fateh,
• Lida Moradi,
• Elmira Kohan,
• Michael R. Hamblin and
• Amin Shiralizadeh Dezfuli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 808–862, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.64

Extracting viscoelastic material parameters using an atomic force microscope and static force spectroscopy

• Cameron H. Parvini,
• M. A. S. R. Saadi and
• Santiago D. Solares

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 922–937, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.77

• knowledge about the nature of a given sample. There is a broad array of literature that covers spring–dashpot models and viscoelastic rheology, many of which provide helpful visualizations of the predicted material response [14][15][22]. Provided a relationship between model parameters and the material

Design of a nanostructured mucoadhesive system containing curcumin for buccal application: from physicochemical to biological aspects

• Sabrina Barbosa de Souza Ferreira,
• Gustavo Braga,
• Évelin Lemos Oliveira,
• Jéssica Bassi da Silva,
• Hélen Cássia Rosseto,
• Lidiane Vizioli de Castro Hoshino,
• Mauro Luciano Baesso,
• Wilker Caetano,
• Craig Murdoch,
• Helen Elizabeth Colley and
• Marcos Luciano Bruschi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2304–2328, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.222

• % (w/w) P407 were similar (but not the same) due to water removal during the sample preparation for TEM analysis [56]. Therefore, the results showed the nanometer-sized structuring of the systems. Rheology The flow properties of binary polymeric systems containing 15% (w/w) P407, 0.25% (w/w) C974P

• rheology analysis. On the other hand, CUR did not significantly (p = 0.06597) influence the adhesiveness values of different preparations. This phenomenon has been observed for other polymer blends containing hydrophobic drugs [7] since the mucoadhesive properties are obtained by the interaction between

• previously observed in the flow rheology with higher consistency index numbers. These higher values are desirable for a higher adhesion to the buccal cavity, leading to longer contact time. These results confirm that the system is mucoadhesive but also warrant further mucoadhesion investigations [11][59][71

High-tolerance crystalline hydrogels formed from self-assembling cyclic dipeptide

• Yongcai You,
• Ruirui Xing,
• Qianli Zou,
• Feng Shi and
• Xuehai Yan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1894–1901, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.184

• fifth test cycle. As compared to that of 48 h, the C-WY hydrogel at 240 h showed a faster recovery speed. The strain-dependent oscillatory rheology results (at 240 h) showed a great anti-shear performance at stains ranging from about 0.1% to about 20%, indicating the shear-thinning behavior of the

• hydrogels. The hydrogel at 48 h was broken at a strain of more than 6% (Figure 3C). The hydrogels at both 48 h and 240 h exhibited broad linear viscoelastic regions ranging from 0.1–100 rad s−1 in frequency-dependent oscillatory shear rheology experiments (at a constant strain of 1%, Figure 3D). Meanwhile

• of samples taken at 0–360°. Rheological characterization and environmental tolerance. The self-healing capacity of the hydrogels at 48 h (A) and 240 h (B) demonstrated by the continuous step–strain experiments. Strain-dependent (C) and frequency-dependent (D) oscillatory shear rheology of the

Upcycling of polyurethane waste by mechanochemistry: synthesis of N-doped porous carbon materials for supercapacitor applications

• Christina Schneidermann,
• Pascal Otto,
• Desirée Leistenschneider,
• Sven Grätz,
• Claudia Eßbach and
• Lars Borchardt

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1618–1627, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.157

• that accumulate as plastic waste are poorly recyclable because of low recycling yields and insufficient properties of the recycled polymers in terms of elasticity, rheology, and thermal and mechanical stability [5]. Amongst them is PU, a thermosetting polymer with a cross-linked structure [5][11][12

Outstanding chain-extension effect and high UV resistance of polybutylene succinate containing amino-acid-modified layered double hydroxides

• Adam A. Marek,
• Vincent Verney,
• Christine Taviot-Gueho,
• Grazia Totaro,
• Laura Sisti,
• Annamaria Celli and
• Fabrice Leroux

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 684–695, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.68

• , DSC, DMTA and melt rheology). Impressively a pronounced chain-extension effect for PBS was observed with both organo-modified LDHs, especially in the case of PBS–LDH/PHE, for which the apparent molecular weight was almost 400 times higher than the pristine PBS. Finally, PBS composites were subjected

• shown in the Supporting Information File 1, Figure S2 and Figure S3. Chain-extending effect and dynamic mechanical properties The effect of synthesized amino acid LDH fillers on the chain extending and molecular weight evolution was measured using melt rheology. The rheological data were plotted in Cole

• chains. With a value of a = 3.4 in Equation 1, the ratio of apparent molecular weight between the composite with Mg2Al/PHE and filler-free PBS is of about 400 times (Mw(PBS–Mg2Al/PHE)/Mw(PBS) = 397, resulting in a similar change in the average repeat units under melt state polymer rheology), thus

Graphene–graphite hybrid epoxy composites with controllable workability for thermal management

• Idan Levy,
• Eyal Merary Wormser,
• Maxim Varenik,
• Matat Buzaglo,
• Roey Nadiv and
• Oren Regev

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 95–104, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.9

• demonstrate the utility of this approach by fabricating a thermal interface material with tunable workability and testing it in a model electronic device. Keywords: hybrid composites; nanocomposites; rheology; thermal interface material; thermal properties; Introduction Modern-day miniaturization of

• and rheology of single-filler composites For composites loaded with a single filler (either GNP or graphite), the TC shows a linear dependence with the volume fraction of the filler (Filler, Figure 2a). An enhancement of about ≈700% and ≈500% in the TC of the single-filler composite vs the neat epoxy

• . Thermal conductivity and rheology of hybrid composites We explored the thermal conductivity and rheology of hybrid composites in which two fillers, namely, graphite and GNP, were loaded into the epoxy matrix. We found that the hybrid filling approach makes it possible to enhance the TC value while

High-throughput micro-nanostructuring by microdroplet inkjet printing

• Hendrikje R. Neumann and
• Christine Selhuber-Unkel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2372–2380, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.222

• per pulse. The silicon nozzle orifice diameter is approximately 21.5 µm, which we did not change in our experiments. It is in principle also possible to write lines and other patterns instead of droplets. In addition, we also assume that the complex rheology of the micelle solution influences the

The nanofluidic confinement apparatus: studying confinement-dependent nanoparticle behavior and diffusion

• Stefan Fringes,
• Felix Holzner and
• Armin W. Knoll

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 301–310, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.30

• characteristic length scale termed Debye length [9]. Experimentally, the gap-distance-dependent forces between two curved surfaces were studied in micro-rheology experiments [10][11] and in detail using the surface force apparatus [12]. However, so far, most nanofluidic experiments involving confined particles

Material property analytical relations for the case of an AFM probe tapping a viscoelastic surface containing multiple characteristic times

• Enrique A. López-Guerra and
• Santiago D. Solares

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2230–2244, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.223

• classical rheology, we regard tapping-mode AFM as a non-standard excitation of a viscoelastic sample, and exploit the fact that the near sinusoidal nature of the tip deflection in this technique implies that the sample necessarily experiences a portion of that sinusoidal trajectory during the contact period

Photocatalysis applications of some hybrid polymeric composites incorporating TiO₂ nanoparticles and their combinations with SiO₂/Fe₂O₃

• Andreea Laura Chibac,
• Tinca Buruiana,
• Violeta Melinte and
• Emil C. Buruiana

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 272–286, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.30

• . Characterization The structure of PTHF-UDMA monomer was confirmed by 1H NMR spectroscopy using a Bruker Avance DRX 400 spectrometer. The viscosity of PTHF-UDMA monomer was measured with a rotational viscometer RM 100 Touch (Lamy Rheology Instruments, France) using a cone/plate set up (2° cone angle, 40 mm diameter

Structural and tribometric characterization of biomimetically inspired synthetic "insect adhesives"

• Matthias W. Speidel,
• Malte Kleemeier,
• Andreas Hartwig,
• Klaus Rischka,
• Angelika Ellermann,
• Rolf Daniels and
• Oliver Betz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 45–63, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.6

• ], which consist of an aqueous phase dispersed in an oily continuous phase or vice versa. Hence, we wished to test our synthetic "insect adhesives" for such shear thinning properties in shear tests and to compare their adhesive and frictional properties with a nanotribometer. Rheology Previously, in insect

• ]. Such flow behaviour is actually considered a general characteristic of emulsions, whereupon the yield points are differently pronounced [29]. We subjected four of our 12 synthetic emulsions to plate-plate rheology. To different extents, emulsions SG2 (0.04 Pa), SA4 (2.5 Pa) and SG4 (4 Pa) show Bingham

• -like behavior, whereas the rheology of SA2 is consistent with a Newtonian fluid. The latter o/w emulsion has a watery consistence and shows a comparatively low phase volume ratio (0.06) with only small and widely scattered oil droplets, which suggests that in this case the continuous water phase

Active multi-point microrheology of cytoskeletal networks

• Tobias Paust,
• Tobias Neckernuss,
• Lina Katinka Mertens,
• Ines Martin,
• Michael Beil,
• Paul Walther,
• Thomas Schimmel and
• Othmar Marti

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 484–491, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.42

• particles embedded in a matrix is correlated [11][12]. There, it was shown for fibronectin that this correlation leads to calculated viscoelastic parameters in good agreement with classical rheology. Actin networks exhibit a similar correlated movement [13]. It was shown that the single-particle and the

Controlling mechanical properties of bio-inspired hydrogels by modulating nano-scale, inter-polymeric junctions

• Seonki Hong,
• Hyukjin Lee and
• Haeshin Lee

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 887–894, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.101

• kinetics In rheology, gelation point is defined by the intersection of the elastic modulus (G’) and the loss modulus (G”). We tried to measure the point by a rheometer, but it was found that gelation occurred within a minute in both hydrogels (6Arm-PEG-NH-catechol and 6Arm-PEG-catechol), preventing a

• . Immediate gelation of 6Arm-PEG-NH-catechol was observed within 2 s, but it took about 12 s for the 6Arm-PEG-catechol solution to become a hydrogel. This result, combined with the rheology data, indicates that amine–catechol tanning is an efficient process that is suitable for controlling a large number of

• formed. To perform rheology studies of the modified-PEG hydrogels, 1.5 equiv of NaIO4 (moles of catechol basis) was added to 3% PEG solution (30 mg mL−1 in phosphate-buffered saline, pH 8.0) in 24 well-plate as a mold for rheology sample. The formed hydrogel was a cylinder shape with diameter of 16 mm

Conducting composite materials from the biopolymer kappa-carrageenan and carbon nanotubes

• Ali Aldalbahi,
• Jin Chu,
• Peter Feng and
• Marc in het Panhuis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2012, 3, 415–427, doi:10.3762/bjnano.3.48

• prepared by evaporative casting. All composite films displayed sensitivity to water vapour, but MWNT films were more sensitive than SWNT films. Keywords: biopolymers; carbon nanotubes; carrageenan; composite materials; conductivity; mechanical; rheology; Introduction Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have

• Discussion Rheological of carrageenan solutions Rheology is a suitable method for following any changes in viscosity of gel-forming polymers, such as the carrageenans. This is an important step due to the adverse effect that the viscosity of a solution can have on the sonication process. Polymers undergo a

• (0.2% w/v) was 0.11 ± 0.01 Pa compared to 46.08 ± 0.54 Pa at a higher concentration (1.2% w/v), as shown in Table 1. Thus, it is clear that an increase in concentration results in an increase in Bingham yield point and Bingham flow coefficient. It is well-known that rheology through dynamic modulus