Beilstein J. Org. Chem.2019,15, 551–557, doi:10.3762/bjoc.15.49
enzyme (super)family. An example are reducing enoyl-CoA carboxylases that were for most of the time annotated as ordinary enoyl-CoA reductases, with which they are phylogenetically related [46][47]. Another example are RubisCO-like proteins [48] that are enolases [49], isomerases [50] and
transcarboxylases [51], respectively, which are not capable of fixing CO2, but are still found very often misannotated as their CO2 fixing homologs RubisCO, with which they share a common evolutionary history [52].
A solution to overcome the problem of misannotation might come from novel computational tools that
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Graphical Abstract
Figure 1:
The five levels of metabolic engineering and their definitions according to [11]. The enzyme solution s...
Beilstein J. Org. Chem.2015,11, 2370–2387, doi:10.3762/bjoc.11.259
as a renewable chemical feedstock, greatly enabling a sustainable carbon bio-economy.
Keywords: biocatalysis; carboxylase; CO2 transformation; formate dehydrogenase; RuBisCO; Introduction
Depletion of fossil-fuel feedstocks and pollution resulting from their unsustainable processing and use
many CO2-assimiliating enzymes evolved to be strictly anaerobic, and are limited to specific environments, while others tolerate O2 [45]. As a result, the environmental [CO2]/[O2] ratio is an important effector of enzymatic properties.
RuBisCO and the Calvin cycle
For many years, the Calvin cycle for
(RuBisCO). The glycerate 2 is subsequently phosphorylated with ATP for the production of 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate (3), which is in turn reduced with NADPH to 3-phosphoglyceraldehyde (4). For every six equivalents of the aldehyde 4, one is diverted to carbohydrate biosynthesis, while the other five are used
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Graphical Abstract
Figure 1:
Biocatalytic routes for conversion of CO2 into compounds with carbon in the reduced oxidation state...