When metal-catalyzed C–H functionalization meets visible-light photocatalysis

• Lucas Guillemard and
• Joanna Wencel-Delord

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 1754–1804, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.147

Synthesis and selected transformations of 2-unsubstituted 1-(adamantyloxy)imidazole 3-oxides: straightforward access to non-symmetric 1,3-dialkoxyimidazolium salts

• Grzegorz Mlostoń,
• Małgorzata Celeda,
• Katarzyna Urbaniak,
• Marcin Jasiński,
• Vladyslav Bakhonsky,
• Peter R. Schreiner and
• Heinz Heimgartner

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2019, 15, 497–505, doi:10.3762/bjoc.15.43

• types of adamantylation reactions (C-, N-, or O-adamantylation) attract attention, and typically 1,3-dehydroadamantane [28] or 1-haloadamantanes [29] are applied as alkylating reagents. Adamantan-1-yl carboxylates are also known as efficient adamantylating reagents [30]. In spite of the fact that

• adamantylations of some benzimidazoles and imidazoles have already been reported [31], similar reactions with heterocyclic N-oxides have not been published yet. For that reason, in the final part of the study, a preliminary experiment aimed at the O-adamantylation of imidazole N-oxide 7a was carried out under

• obtained in high yields. Attempted adamantylation of a 1-(adamantyloxy)imidazole 3-oxide with 1-bromoadamantane or adamantan-1-yl trifluoroacetate was unsuccessful. Nevertheless, the corresponding symmetric 1,3-di(adamantyloxy)imidazolium bromide was obtained in the reaction of adamantyloxyamine with

¹⁵N-Labelling and structure determination of adamantylated azolo-azines in solution

• Sergey L. Deev,
• Alexander S. Paramonov,
• Tatyana S. Shestakova,
• Igor A. Khalymbadzha,
• Oleg N. Chupakhin,
• Julia O. Subbotina,
• Oleg S. Eltsov,
• Pavel A. Slepukhin,
• Vladimir L. Rusinov,
• Alexander S. Arseniev and
• Zakhar O. Shenkarev

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2017, 13, 2535–2548, doi:10.3762/bjoc.13.250

• Determining the accurate chemical structures of synthesized compounds is essential for biomedical studies and computer-assisted drug design. The unequivocal determination of N-adamantylation or N-arylation site(s) in nitrogen-rich heterocycles, characterized by a low density of hydrogen atoms, using NMR

• -ones in acidic conditions occurs through the formation of the adamantyl cation. Keywords: adamantylation; azolo-1,2,4-triazines; J-coupling; 15N-labelled; NMR spectra; 1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines; Introduction The incorporation of an adamantyl moiety in bioactive molecules and analogues of

• ] (Figure 1B). For this reason, the adamantylation of compounds 5 and 6 led to mixtures of N3- and N4-adamantylated isomers, which reisomerized into each other likely via the formation of an adamantyl cation and starting NH-heterocycle. The unambiguous determination of N-adamantylation site(s) in

Ion-exchange-resin-catalyzed adamantylation of phenol derivatives with adamantanols: Developing a clean process for synthesis of 2-(1-adamantyl)-4-bromophenol, a key intermediate of adapalene

• Nan Wang,
• Ronghua Wang,
• Xia Shi and
• Gang Zou

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2012, 8, 227–233, doi:10.3762/bjoc.8.23

• -adamantylphenol derivatives through adamantylation of substituted phenols with adamantanols catalyzed by commercially available and recyclable ion-exchange sulfonic acid resin in acetic acid. The sole byproduct of the adamantylation reaction, namely water, could be converted into the solvent acetic acid by

• directly reused at least ten times without a significant loss of activity. The key intermediate of adapalene, 2-(1-adamantyl)-4-bromophenol, could be produced by means of this waste-free process. Keywords: adamantylation; ion-exchange resin; phenol; recycling; Introduction o-Adamantylphenols and their

• haloadamantanes or adamantanols [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][15][16][17][18][19]. Compared with adamantylation by haloadamantanes, the alkylation employing adamantanols combined with mineral acids, such as concentrated H2SO4, ensures that the process affords adamantylphenols under milder conditions, and thus often