Efficiency of single-pulse laser fragmentation of organic nutraceutical dispersions in a circular jet flow-through reactor

Tina Friedenauer, Maximilian Spellauge, Alexander Sommereyns, Verena Labenski, Tuba Esatbeyoglu, Christoph Rehbock, Heinz P. Huber and Stephan Barcikowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 711–727. https://doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.16.55

Supporting Information

Supporting Information contains calculations of laser parameters and flow profiles (Reynolds number), additional information on LFL-induced extinction increase of curcumin and CBD, information on particle size distribution of curcumin and CBD before and after LFL, HPLC spectra, information on selectivity, information on optical properties of curcumin and CBD, calculations on stress confinement and resulting temperature and phase diagrams, as well as calculations on SMP yield and productivity.

Supporting Information File 1: Additional experimental data.
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Efficiency of single-pulse laser fragmentation of organic nutraceutical dispersions in a circular jet flow-through reactor

Tina Friedenauer, Maximilian Spellauge, Alexander Sommereyns, Verena Labenski, Tuba Esatbeyoglu, Christoph Rehbock, Heinz P. Huber and Stephan Barcikowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 711–727. https://doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.16.55

How to Cite

Friedenauer, T.; Spellauge, M.; Sommereyns, A.; Labenski, V.; Esatbeyoglu, T.; Rehbock, C.; Huber, H. P.; Barcikowski, S. Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 711–727. doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.55

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TY  - JOUR
A1  - Friedenauer, Tina
A1  - Spellauge, Maximilian
A1  - Sommereyns, Alexander
A1  - Labenski, Verena
A1  - Esatbeyoglu, Tuba
A1  - Rehbock, Christoph
A1  - Huber, Heinz P.
A1  - Barcikowski, Stephan
T1  - Efficiency of single-pulse laser fragmentation of organic nutraceutical dispersions in a circular jet flow-through reactor
JF  - Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology
PY  - 2025///
VL  - 16
SP  - 711
EP  - 727
SN  - 2190-4286
DO  - 10.3762/bjnano.16.55
PB  - Beilstein-Institut
JA  - Beilstein J. Nanotechnol.
UR  - https://doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.16.55
KW  - antioxidant
KW  - cannabidiol
KW  - curcumin
KW  - drug
KW  - food additive
KW  - low degradation
KW  - nanoparticle
KW  - pulsed laser ablation in liquids
KW  - solubilization
N2  - Nutraceuticals provide health benefits and particularly profit from a sensitive, high-purity production process. Microparticle laser fragmentation in liquids is an emerging technique for the contamination-free comminution of organic drugs and nutraceuticals aiming at solubility enhancements. However, current discontinuously operated fragmentation setups suffer from chemical degradation by multipulse laser excitation at high fluence and do not allow for systematic studies of the fragmentation mechanisms. In this work, continuous-flow microparticle laser fragmentation in liquids with ultrashort-pulsed lasers was studied in a circular jet reactor using curcumin and cannabidiol as model substances and single-pulse-per-volume element conditions to compare the fragmentation efficiency for these two nutraceuticals. Fragmentation efficiency based on the yield of submicrometer particles and nanoparticles was quantified using UV–vis extinction spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and analytical centrifugation, while high-performance liquid chromatography determined degradation. We found improved fragmentation efficiency at lower mass concentrations. In all experiments, chemical degradation was minimal (<2%), and increased mass concentration of curcumin enabled ultralow by-product formation of 0.01%. The process selectivity against degradation was defined by the application-relevant descriptor of mole degradation per produced submicrometer particle surface and quantified regarding feedstock mass concentration and nutraceutical type. Cytotoxicity in HepG2 cancer cells was significantly reduced in cells treated with laser-processed curcumin in comparison to unirradiated curcumin controls, and antioxidant effects were proven, ensuring high viability even at high curcumin concentrations.
ER  -

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