Figure 1: Chronoamperometric graphs recorded during electrochemical deposition of the catalysts on nickel foa...
Figure 2: SEM images and corresponding EDX maps of NiFe (a), NiFe-GO (b), CoNiFe (c), and CoNiFe-GO (d) depos...
Figure 3: Normalized XAS spectra (a–d) and XRD patterns (e) of NiFe, CoNiFe, NiFe-GO, and CoNiFe-GO.
Figure 4: XPS high-resolution spectra of Ni 2p (a), Fe 2p (b), Co 2p (c), and C 1s (d) levels of the catalyst...
Figure 5: Linear scan voltammetry profiles (a) with corresponding evolutions of the OER overpotential η (10 m...
Figure 6: Linear scan voltammetry profiles (a) with corresponding Tafel plots (b) and evolution of the OER ov...
Figure 7: Linear scan voltammetry profiles (a) with corresponding Tafel plots (b) and evolution of the OER ov...
Figure 8: Chronopotentiometric curves recorded in aqueous solution of 1 M KOH at 10 mA∙cm−2geo (a) and SEM im...
Figure 1: Schematic representation of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) excitation. (a) SPR wave or surface pla...
Figure 2: Optical spectra (absorption – red, scattering – blue, and extinction – black) of different morpholo...
Figure 3: Manifestation of the governing factors of SPR. Shown are the changes to the peak position while con...
Figure 4: Dissipation ratio of electron–hole pair loss vs phonon loss of the surface plasmon excitation for d...
Figure 5: Extinction efficiencies of gold nanospheres calculated through the quasi-static approximation vs us...
Figure 6: Absorption spectra of Au nanospheres of different diameters showing the shift of excitation wavelen...
Figure 7: Normalized absorption spectra of Ag-NMs with different radii of the concentric spheres irradiated u...
Figure 8: The PT conversion mechanism. (a) Photoexcitation of plasmons. (b) Electron thermalization. (c) Elec...
Figure 9: Radiative and non-radiative decay time scales of the conversion processes in PPT materials. For the...
Figure 10: Hot carrier lifetimes on the Fermi surface and variation between positive and negative curvature, e...
Figure 11: Electron–phonon coupling timescales for different diameters of metal nanoparticles: (a) Ag, (b) Au,...
Figure 12: Comparison of the probability distribution of electrons and holes at various energy levels for coin...
Figure 13: Relaxation process of the phonon vibration. Figure 13i (left panel) was redrawn from [82]. Figure 13ii (right panel) was ad...
Figure 14: Thermal capacitance coefficient (β) for the ellipsoidal, rod, disk, and ring morphologies of Au nan...
Figure 15: Absorption spectra of spherical nanoparticles of Ag, Au, and Cu with radii between 50 and 100 nm an...
Figure 16: PT conversion and thermalization of plasmonic nanoparticles after absorption of a laser pulse. The ...
Figure 17: SEM images of Au nanoassemblies. (a) Hexagonally filled Au polyhedra. (b) Hexagonally filled Au pol...
Figure 18: (i) FDTD calculation of absorption spectra of Au nanorods (aspect ratio of ca. 3) for different num...
Figure 19: TEM images with 50 nm scale bars of linked Ag nanospheres prepared with an injection rate of 5 μL/m...
Figure 20: TEM images of CuS, metal, and bimetal plasmonic nanoparticles and the corresponding temperature ris...
Figure 21: (i) (a, b) SEM images of a black Au membrane in a hexagonal ordered array of AAO. (c) Thermal image...
Figure 22: (i) Simulated electric field intensities of Ag/SiO2 at the ZX plane: (a) Core–shell (dAg = 40 nm, t...
Figure 23: Integrated nanostructures for PT conversion. (i) Hollow mesoporous bimetallic (Ag/Au) nanoshells fo...
Figure 24: PT conversion efficiencies of different transition metal nitrides (HfN, ZrN, and TiN) and the corre...
Figure 25: Colloidal stability of nanoparticles for different particle sizes from 8 to 68 nm of organic pigmen...
Figure 26: Illustration of the chemical interaction stability of nanoparticles. (i) Chemical interactions betw...
Figure 27: Thermal stability of Ag and Au nanoparticles of different shapes at different temperatures. (i) (a)...
Figure 28: Thermal stability of Au nanorods at increasing temperatures. (i) Aspect ratio and plasmonic absorba...
Figure 1: Chemical structures of chitosan, quercetin, and caffeic acid, respectively.
Figure 2: UV–vis absorption spectra of (a) chitosan-only (Ch-), (b) chitosan/quercetin (Ch/Q-), and (c) chito...
Figure 3: FTIR spectra of (a) the chitosan/quercetin (Ch/Q-)-, and (b) the chitosan/caffeic acid (Ch/CA-)-cap...
Figure 4: TEM images of (a) the chitosan/quercetin- (Ch/Q-) and (b) the chitosan/caffeic acid (Ch/CA-)-capped...
Figure 5: (a) UV–vis absorption spectra of the quercetin–AlCl3 complex and quercetin only (inset figure). (b)...
Figure 6: Concentration (dose)-dependent viability of U-118 MG and ARPE-19 cell lines for (a, b) the chitosan...
Figure 1: Prevalence of reporting imaging and (or) flow cytometry techniques, protein corona, 3D cell culture...
Figure 2: Practical concerns regarding dose determination in nucleic acid–NP systems. Left: Examples of possi...
Figure 1: Schematics of the structural and curvature changes during (a) PIT and (b) PIC nanoemulsification.
Figure 2: (A) TEM and (B) SEM images of ethyl cellulose nanoparticles obtained from nanoemulsions with an O/S...
Figure 3: Luciferase activity inhibition (%) for complexes formulated with PLGA nanoparticles from nanoemulsi...
Figure 4: (a) Partial phase diagram of the system PBS/Polysorbate 80/4% PLGA in ethyl acetate. The O/W nanoem...
Figure 5: Representative TEM images of negatively stained nanoparticles (NPs) complexed with DNA plasmids (pV...
Figure 6: TEM images and corresponding size distributions of (a) PEGylated polyurethane and (b) lysine-coated...
Figure 1: The main functions of endothelial cells.
Figure 2: Two main routes to transport NPs across the endothelium, namely the transcellular route and the par...
Figure 3: Mechanism of NanoEL. Adherens junctions between endothelial cells are maintained by a complex set o...
Figure 4: Au NanoEL required actin remodeling. (A) Blocking the RhoA kinase actin remodeling process with Y27...
Figure 1: (a) Schematic of the photonic crystal slab structure of air holes in a silicon layer. (b) Top view ...
Figure 2: Dispersion curves of the GMs (hollow circles) supported by the PCS of air holes in SOI and the QGMs...
Figure 3: (a) Q-factors along the dispersion curves of QGMs in Figure 2. (b) Q-factor as a function of the level of p...
Figure 4: Transmission spectra at different incident angles with the incidence in (a) the xz plane and (b) th...
Figure 1: Mechanism of the photocatalytic process used to treat water contaminated with organic pollutants.
Figure 2: Most recently studied and common bismuth-based nanostructured photocatalysts.
Figure 3: Bandgaps of some bismuth-based photocatalysts extracted from various research articles [27,35-37,83-86].
Figure 4: Summary of the commonly used synthesis methods for bismuth-based nanostructured photocatalysts.
Figure 5: Photocatalytic degradation pathways of antibiotics by bismuth-based photocatalyst. (Adapted from [191], ...
Figure 6: (a) Photocatalysis mechanisms of bismuth-based nanosheets via S-scheme heterojunction and type-II h...
Figure 1: (a) OD profiles of particle formation (dashed line: no SiBP, empty markers: SiBP alone, solid marke...
Figure 2: SEM images of the SiO2 particles formed by SiBP alone at concentrations of (a) 0.04 mM, (b) 0.4 mM,...
Figure 3: SEM images and size distributions of the particles formed with (a) NH3 only and NH3 with (b) 0.04 m...
Figure 4: (a) UV–vis spectra of the reactions with NH3 alone and NH3 + 1 mM SiBP. SEM images of the SiO2 part...
Figure 5: SEM micrographs of (a, c) single-layer and (b, d) multilayer self-assembled SiO2 particles (insets:...
Figure 6: (a) Qualitative demonstration of the long-range homogeneity of self-assembly and angular dependence...