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- Published 17 Aug 2018
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Figure 1: Tip-supported dumbbell antenna. (a) Calculated electromagnetic field distribution of a 80–40 nm AuN...
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Figure 2: Antenna-enhanced fluorescence images of randomly distributed high-QY emitters on a glass surface im...
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Figure 3: Antenna enhanced fluorescence of high QY emitters. (A) Normalized fluorescence emission rates as a ...
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Figure 4: Far-field optical properties of individual CB[8]-mediated dumbbell dimers. (A) Scattering spectrum ...
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Figure 5: Gap size of CB[8] mediated 40–80 nm AuNP dimers. (A) TEM image of a dimer with sub-nanometer gap si...
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Figure 6: Morphologies of dumbbell dimers with sub-nanometer gap sizes. (A) Dimer with a planar gap. (B) Dime...
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- Full Research Paper
- Published 16 Aug 2018
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Figure 1: Upper line (a): three SEM images of the same nanopipette filled by applying high back-pressure; low...
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Figure 2: Typical I(V) measurements with pClamp: I and V are recorded as a function of the time. [KCl] = 10−4...
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Figure 3: I(V) at [KCl] = 10−4 mol·L−1 for a capillary with rtip =13 nm, θ = 9° and ltip = 15 mm. The current...
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Figure 4: (a) Experimental setup of the new filling technique. The nanopipette is inserted into a tantalum lo...
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Figure 5: Electrical measurement: one Ag/AgCl electrode is introduced into the large part of the capillary lo...
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- Full Research Paper
- Published 15 Aug 2018
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Figure 1: (a) Schematic representation of the setup analyzed in the present work. A nanowire of rectangular c...
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Figure 2: Majorana nanowire subject to interactions from the electrostatic environment (ignoring the influenc...
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Figure 3: Majorana wave functions in the non-interacting case: Energy levels (a) and the absolute value of th...
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Figure 4: Same as Figure 3 but for the interacting case (without leads). In the pinned regions the Majorana wave func...
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Figure 5: Majorana nanowire subject to interactions from the electrostatic environment (including the influen...
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Figure 6: Evolution with Zeeman field of the spectrum (a) and the absolute value of the Majorana charge QM (b...
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- Published 13 Aug 2018
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Figure 1: The annual number of patents and journal article publications on the topic of electrospun 1D nanoma...
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Figure 2: (a) SEM image; (b) size distribution of fiber diameters and (c) STEM image of electrospun nanofiber...
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Figure 3: (a) Side-by-side electrospinning apparatus and (b) SEM image of poly(acrylonitrile)/polyurethane (P...
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Figure 4: (a, b) Typical SEM images of the electrospun bi-component TiO2/SnO2 nanofibers; (c) EDS microanalys...
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Figure 5: (a) Schematic illustration of the setup using a dual-capillary spinneret to directly electrospin ho...
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Figure 6: (a–c) Schematic illustrations of coaxial electrospinning using mineral oil in the core and composit...
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Figure 7: (a) Schematic diagram of the sequential fabrication of a PPy@SnO2 tube-in-tube structure. (b) FE-SE...
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Figure 8: (a) Schematic illustration of the processing steps for SnO2 NTs functionalized by bio-inspired cata...
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Figure 9: (a) Schematic illustration of synthetic process for the Pd@ZnO–WO3 NFs; (b) SEM image of as-spun am...
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Figure 10: SEM images of (a) pure In2O3 porous NTs; (b) Nd-doped In2O3; (c) TEM image of Nd-doped In2O3 porous...
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Figure 11: SEM images of (a) pristine SnO2 and (b) 3ICTO; TEM images of (c) pristine SnO2 NRs; (d) 3ICTO NRs; ...
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Figure 12: SEM images of (a), (a1) pure TiO2 NFs; (b), (b1) ITCN1; and (c), (c1) ITCN2. (d) The response–recov...
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Figure 13: (a) Synthesis strategy for branch-like α-Fe2O3/TiO2 hierarchical heterostructures; FESEM images of ...
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Figure 14: SEM images of (a) pure TiO2 NFs and (b,c) TiO2/ZnO heterostructures. (d–g) STEM image of TiO2/ZnO h...
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Figure 15: SEM image of (a) PA6 NFs; (b) PANI/PA6 NFs; (c) PANI/PA6 NFs sputtered for 30 min; (d) TiO2–PANI/PA...
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Figure 16: (a) SEM images of the hierarchical SnO2/PAN p–n junction nanostructures at different hydrothermal r...
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Figure 17: rGO/Pd co-loaded SnO2 NFs: (a,c) low- and (b,d) high-magnification FE-SEM images. (e) Normalized dy...
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Figure 18: (a) 3D scheme representation; (b) real experimental setup of a Love-wave sensor with two RF ports, ...
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Figure 19: FE-SEM images of PA 6 NFN membranes formed with different voltages: (a, b) 20 kV and (c, d) 30 kV; ...
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Figure 20: SEM images of (a) ZnO and (b) CeO2/ZnO nanofibers; (c) The step response for adsorption and desorpt...
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Figure 21: FE-SEM images of electrospun (a) pure porous PS NFs and (b) G-COOH/PS composite NFs. (c) Dynamic re...
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Figure 22: SEM images of electrospun nanofibrous membranes of (a) PMMA and (b) ethyl cellulose (EC). Excitatio...
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Figure 23: FLM images of (a) PEO/MePyCz/ThFO (VMePyCz:VThFO 16:1), (b) PEO/MePyCz/ThFO (VMePyCz:VThFO 4:1) and...
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Figure 24: Photographs of electrospun fiber mat embedded with PCDA–biotin before (a) and after (b) UV-irradiat...
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- Published 08 Aug 2018
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Figure 1: Development of Sb2S3 technology. Solar cells with extremely thin absorber architecture [1-6,29] reach the h...
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Figure 2: SEM images of Sb2S3 thin films after crystallization at 265 °C. Direct thermal decomposition of the...
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Figure 3: Crystallization in the Sb-TU (a–d) and Sb-BDC (e–h) process. AFM measurements of the Sb-TU route sh...
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Figure 4: Chemical structure of the applied polymers (a). Sun simulator (b) and external quantum efficiency (...
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Figure 5: Limitations of different Sb2S3 technologies (same data and color code as in Figure 1) and other absorber ma...
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- Published 06 Aug 2018
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Figure 1: Schematic depicting MLD processing applied to silicon on insulator wafers. It shows monolayer forma...
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Figure 2: Electrochemical capacitance–voltage profile showing the impact of applying a SiO2 capping layer for...
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Figure 3: AFM images of (a) as received SOI (b) SOI after MLD processing.
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Figure 4: ECV plot of active carrier concentrations in a 66 nm SOI after MLD using a 50 nm sputtered SiO2 cap...
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Figure 5: ECV plot of active carrier concentrations using bulk silicon samples to analyse the variation of th...
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Figure 6: X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) study showing that there is a degree of surface oxidation af...
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Figure 7: Secondary ion mass spectrometry analysis of a P-MLD-doped 66 nm silicon on insulator substrate. Blu...
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- Published 03 Aug 2018
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Figure 1: Schematic illustration of the photo-electrochemical deposition of metallic Pt on silicon nanostruct...
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Figure 2: (a) SEM images of a silicon nanocone (left), an inverted nanocone (middle) and a nanowire (right) c...
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Figure 3: a) An overlay image of a backscattered electron (red; in-lens mirror detector) and secondary electr...
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Figure 4: (a) Overlay images of backscattered electron (red) and secondary-electron (grey) SEM images after p...
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- Published 01 Aug 2018
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Figure 1: (a–c) Schematic representation of the TiO2/P3HT-COOH HHJ preparation. (d) 2 × 2 µm2 TM-AFM height i...
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Figure 2: (a) 500 × 500 nm2 AFM height image of a nanostructured TiO2 film, obtained in UHV. Height detection...
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Figure 3: (a) AFM height image obtained in UHV over a 4000 × 270 nm2 scan area astride the step edge between ...
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Figure 4: Schematic representation of the electronic band structure of the [TiO2/P3HT-COOH]–[tip] system, in ...
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Figure 5: (a) 400 × 400 nm2 AFM height image obtained in air on a TiO2/P3HT-COOH HHJ. KPFM height detection p...
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Figure 6: 5 × 5 µm2 (a,b) and 500 × 500 nm2 (c,d) PC-AFM height and photocurrent images of a TiO2/P3HT-COOH H...
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- Published 30 Jul 2018
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Figure 1: External morphology of the sea star Asterina gibbosa and of its tube feet. (A) Image of a living ad...
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Figure 2: Fine structure of the tube feet of Asterina gibbosa observed in light microscopy (A,B) and TEM (C–H...
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Figure 3: Ultrastructure of the tube foot adhesive epidermis of Asterina gibbosa observed in light microscopy...
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Figure 4: Scanning electron microscopy of footprints in Asterina gibbosa. (A) Overview of a complete footprin...
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Figure 5: Topography of the footprints in A. gibbosa shown with 3D confocal interference microscopy (A) and A...
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Figure 6: Lectin labelling of tube foot sections in Asterina gibbosa with (A1,A2) Con A, (B1,B2) Jacalin, (C1...
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Figure 7: Structure of the footprints of Asterina gibbosa (light microscopy). (A1,A2) Cristal violet staining...
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- Published 27 Jul 2018
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Scheme 1: Synthesis of tetraundecylcalix[4]resorcinarene–mPEG conjugate 3.
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Figure 1: (a, b) 1H NMR spectra of (a) macrocycle 1 in acetone-d6 and (b) macrocycle 3 in CD3OD; (c, d) FTIR ...
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Figure 2: (a) SAXS diffraction intensity profile of an aqueous solution of 3 (c3 = 137 mg/mL) at 23 °C (logar...
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Figure 3: (a) The intensity-averaged particle size distribution of aqueous solutions of 3 at different concen...
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Figure 4: (a) The dependence of the optical density of aqueous solutions of 3 at 550 nm on the solution tempe...
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Figure 5: (a, b) Absorption spectra of Orange OT (a) and QC (b) in aqueous solutions of 3 and mPEG-550 (solub...
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Figure 6: (a) 1H NMR spectra of Nap and 3 + Nap solutions in D2O; (b) 1H NMR spectra of IF and 3 + IF solutio...
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Figure 7: In vitro release profiles of free RhB and RhB-loaded micelles of 3 in PBS release medium at pH 7.4.
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Figure 8: (a) Fluorescence spectra of Dox in micelles of 3 in 0.9% NaCl solution at different temperatures, c3...
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- Published 25 Jul 2018
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Figure 1: a) For the fabrication of an IBL FZP first, a ca. 100 nm gold layer is deposited on a commercial Si3...
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Figure 2: SEM images of M-IV IBL-FZP prior to the beamstop deposition. a) An overview image. The FZP and the ...
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Figure 3: a) Soft X-ray image of the Siemens star recorded at 1 keV with 0.94 ms pixel dwell time and 11 nm s...
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Figure 4: a) The fabrication scheme for an array of FZPs. The beam is scanned over the region of interest to ...
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- Published 23 Jul 2018
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Figure 1: Extinction spectra of aqueous solutions of PEGylated GNSs (A) and the PVA-GNS film (B).
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Figure 2: The confocal reflection images of PVA films containing gold nanostars. Field of view = 77.2 × 77.2 ...
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Figure 3: Strain-–stress curves of PVA film without gold nanostars (black); PVA film with gold nanostars coat...
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Figure 4: The photothermal effect (ΔT ± 1.5 °C) of PVA-GNS films upon NIR irradiation at 1064 nm (open square...
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Figure 5: Workflow scheme of the antibacterial properties study.
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Figure 6: (a) Temperature increase of PVA and PVA-GNS films upon irradiation with a 1064 nm laser, as registe...
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- Published 20 Jul 2018
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Figure 1: The standard probe pin configurations A, A’, B and B’ used in the experiments.
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Figure 2: The three sub-probes on an M7PP used for multiplexing during measurements; a) 1357 (20 μm pitch), b...
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Figure 3: The dashed curves show the relative Hall signal ΔRBB′/RH = f(ζ) (Equation 1) and relative pseudo sheet resist...
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Figure 4: Static position errors: at the top, the ideal positions of a M7PP is shown. Below, the case of only...
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Figure 5: Effective sensitivity
![[Graphic 11]](/bjnano/content/inline/2190-4286-9-192-i25.svg?max-width=637&scale=1.18182)
for a) R0, b) NHS and c) μH when in- and off-line errors are present during ...
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Figure 6: Effective sensitivity
![[Graphic 15]](/bjnano/content/inline/2190-4286-9-192-i29.svg?max-width=637&scale=1.18182)
for the sheet resistance, Hall mobility and Hall sheet carrier density, due ...
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Figure 7: Generalization of Figure 6. The sensitivity of each parameter, a) Sheet resistance R0, b) Sheet carrier den...
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- Review
- Published 18 Jul 2018
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Figure 1: RRDE voltammograms for oxygen reduction in air-saturated 0.1 M KOH at the Pt–C/GC (curve 1), VA-CCN...
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Figure 2: (top) Current density (j) as a function of the time (t) obtained at the Pt–C (green) and the N-grap...
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Figure 3: Valence band spectra near the Fermi energy level for pristine, nitrogen functionalized (“as dep RT”...
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Figure 4: Natural bond orbital (NBO) population analysis of six different non-metallic heteroatoms in a graph...
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Figure 5: Figure 5 (a–c) Conversion of the projectile initial kinetic energy into thermal energy in bulk and nanosyst...
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Figure 6: (a) Schematic representation of nitrogen configurations in graphene. Nitrogen atoms given in blue: ...
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Figure 7: Measured Dirac point position (blue symbols) at different concentrations of pyridinic and graphitic...
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Figure 8: N 1s core level spectra for N-CNT samples grown at (a) 550 °C and (b) 750 °C (N1: pyridinic N, N2: ...
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Figure 9: a) Content of the nitrogen species in graphene according to the pyrolysis temperature; b) RRDE volt...
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Figure 10: Schematic representation of the molecular oxygen dissociation on nitrogen-doped graphene. Adapted f...
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Figure 11: Figure 11 (a) The proposed ORR catalytic cycle. (b) The partial density of states (PDOS) for the p orbital o...
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Figure 12: (a) Normalized ratios of nitrogen functionalities as functions of the annealing temperature. (b) Ba...
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Figure 13: Structural and elemental characterization of four types of N-HOPG model catalysts and their ORR per...
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- Review
- Published 16 Jul 2018
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Figure 1: a) Scheme of a MoO3 nanocrystal on MoS2. The AFM tip is firmly positioned on top on the nanocrystal...
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Figure 2: a) Example of a nanomanipulation during which half of a nanoparticle is scan-imaged, before the tip...
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Figure 3: Dependence of nanoparticle shear stress on the contact area. a) Relative shear stress obtained from...
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Figure 4: Front perspective: a snapshot of a MD-simulated frictional interface between a colloidal monolayer ...
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Figure 5: a) A graphene nanoribbon manipulated along a Au(111) surface. A probing tip lifts the GNR verticall...
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Figure 6: Single-molecule tribology. a) Schematic drawing of the experiment: A single porphyrin molecule is a...
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Figure 7: Non-contact friction experiments of NbSe2. At certain voltages and distances, one finds dramaticall...
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Figure 8: The “Swiss Nanodragster” (SND), a 4’-(p-tolyl)-2,2’:6’,2”-terpyridine molecule, was moved across an...
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Figure 9: Example of a change of conformation potentially triggered at surfaces. a) Trans (1) and cis (2) iso...
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Biomimetic and biodegradable cellulose acetate scaffolds loaded with dexamethasone for bone implants
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- Published 13 Jul 2018
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Figure 1: (a) Representative SEM micrographs of electrospun CA fibers, (b) AFM topography image of CA scaffol...
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Figure 2: In vitro degradation of CA scaffolds as a function of the time.
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Figure 3: Representative SEM micrographs of CA scaffolds (a) before degradation on the 1st day, (b) after deg...
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Figure 4: (a) Representative SEM micrograph of electrospun CA:dexam fibers, (b) AFM topography image of CA:de...
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Figure 5: In vitro degradation of CA scaffolds loaded with dexamethasone as function of the time.
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Figure 6: Representative SEM micrographs of CA scaffolds (a) before degradation on the 1st day, (b) after deg...
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Figure 7: In vitro release of dexamethasone.
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Figure 8: MTT assay of L929 cells with the examined scaffolds after 1, 2 and 5 days.
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Figure 9: Optical microscopy images of the cell morphology on the examined scaffolds. The three pictures in t...
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Figure 10: SEM micrograph of L929 cells on the examined scaffolds. The three pictures in the top row display t...
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Figure 11: Keithley microscopy images of (a) a blank orthopedic pin, (b) a pin coated with CA:dexam fibers and...
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- Full Research Paper
- Published 12 Jul 2018
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Figure 1: Schematic illustration of the preparation of variable-size gold nanoparticle arrays on top of a sil...
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Figure 2: SEM images of the gold precursor particles after oxygen plasma treatment (a, b) and gold nanopartic...
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Figure 3: Dependence of the mean equivalent diameter of the gold particles on the ED duration. Three separate...
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Figure 4: Mean dark-field spectra of the different samples. For each sample 25 spectra at different positions...
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Figure 5: Background-corrected mean Raman spectra of the four different samples. For each sample three Raman ...
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Figure 6: Filling factor-corrected Raman intensities of the different samples, for the two peaks at 1085 cm−1...
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Figure 7: Filling factor-corrected Raman spectrum of sample A compared to a Raman spectrum on smooth gold fil...
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- Full Research Paper
- Published 11 Jul 2018
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Figure 1: (a) False-color scanning electron micrograph of a typical constriction separating two tapered elect...
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Figure 2: (a) Temporal extract of the electromigration sequence featuring the effect of partial annealing, Jo...
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Figure 3: (a) Current density JT plotted versus applied bias Vdc. The black circles are experimental data poi...
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Figure 4: (a) Fowler–Nordheim representation of the JT(Vdc) data shown in Figure 3a. The transition voltages
![[Graphic 32]](/bjnano/content/inline/2190-4286-9-187-i38.svg?max-width=637&scale=1.18182)
and ![[Graphic 33]](/bjnano/content/inline/2190-4286-9-187-i39.svg?max-width=637&scale=1.18182)
are...
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Figure 5: (a) Transmission optical image showing a series of electromigrated constrictions. (b) Optical image...
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Figure 6: (a, c, e) Colorized scanning electron micrographs of the electron-fed optical antennas integrated i...
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Figure 7: (a) Colorized image of the optical tunneling gap antenna (orange) integrated inside a slot waveguid...
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- Full Research Paper
- Published 09 Jul 2018
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Figure 1: Raman spectra of multiwalled carbon nanotubes after irradiation with different fluences of a) 25 ke...
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Figure 2: a) Ratio of intensities of D to G band as a function of fluence for 25 keV He and Ne irradiation, a...
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Figure 3: TEM images and Raman spectra after: (A–C) 25 keV He+ irradiation with a fluence of 1018 ions/cm2 (D...
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Figure 4: Nuclear and electronic energy loss as a function of sample thickness for a) He+ and b) Ne+ irradiat...
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Figure 5: Sputter yield a) at the top, and b) at the bottom of the sample as a function of fluence for Ne irr...
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Figure 6: Backscatter yield as a function of gold thickness for He and Ne irradiation of a 30 nm carbon film ...
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Figure 7: Displacements into the carbon layer normalised to incident ion as a function of gold thickness for ...
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Figure 8: Schematic illustration of the sample configuration and the sequence of techniques used in this inve...
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Figure 1: XRD patterns of the purified diatomite and the prepared diatomite-supported composites.
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Figure 2: FTIR spectra of the purified diatomite and prepared diatomite-supported composites.
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Figure 3: The SEM images of diatomite (a), Fe3O4/diatomite (b, d), MnO2/Fe3O4/diatomite (c and e), EDX spectr...
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Figure 4: TEM images of (a) Fe3O4/diatomite, (b, c) MnO2/Fe3O4/diatomite and (d) HRTEM image of MnO2/Fe3O4/di...
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Figure 5: Magnetic hysteresis loops of Fe3O4/diatomite and MnO2/Fe3O4/diatomite. The inset image illustrates ...
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Figure 6: XPS spectra of as-synthesized MnO2/Fe3O4/diatomite: (a) full survey spectrum, high-resolution scans...
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Figure 7: (a) N2 adsorption–desorption isotherms and (b) the corresponding pore-size distribution curves of d...
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Figure 8: MB removal of different catalytic systems (a) without and (b) with (b) PMS. (Reaction conditions: c...
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Figure 9: MB removal using MnO2/Fe3O4/diatomite at (a) different pH values, (b) different temperatures and (c...
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Figure 10: Recyclability of the MnO2/Fe3O4/diatomite catalyst for the degradation of MB.
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Figure 11: Schematic diagram of the synergistic effect between MnO2 and Fe3O4.
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- Published 05 Jul 2018
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Figure 1: Removed SiGe thickness measured by different methods (TEM, XRD and ellipsometry) as a function of t...
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Figure 2: Removed SiGe thickness (measured by ellipsometry) as a function of etching time for two different G...
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Figure 3: (a) Sheet resistance RS, (b) Hall dose NH, and (c) Hall mobility µH as functions of the etching tim...
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Figure 4: Depth profiles of (a) active dopant concentration and (b) carrier mobility extracted from the DHE m...
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Figure 5: Sheet resistance as a function of the laser energy density for 6 nm SiGeOI (xGe = 0.25) layer impla...
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Figure 6: Hall effect measurements (raw data: (a) RS, (b) NH and (c) µH) of the SiGeOI sample (xGe = 0.25) im...
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Figure 7: Depth profiles of (a) active dopant concentration and (b) carrier mobility extracted from DHE measu...
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Figure 8: Concentration depth profiles of (a) arsenic and (b) oxygen measured by SIMS in 11 nm thick SOI wafe...
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Figure 9: Hall effect measurements (raw data: (a) RS, (b) NH and (c) µH) of the SOI samples implanted with ar...
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Figure 10: Active dopant concentration depth profiles as extracted by DHE measurements from 11 nm thick SOI wa...
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Figure 1: A circular ZNW cantilever exposed to a force P at the free end.
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Figure 2: Nonlinearity as a result of carrier drift for n0 = 1.0·1023m−3 as a function of the end force P. a)...
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Figure 3: Carrier distribution in the ZNW cross section for P = 50, 60, 70 and 80 nN.
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Figure 4: Distribution of electric potential in the ZNW cross section for P = 50, 60, 70 and 80 nN.
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Figure 5: Effect of initial carrier concentration n0 on the electric field E2 along the x2-axis.
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Figure 6: Output voltage Vout between the two endpoints of the cross section of a bent ZNW as a function of t...
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Figure 7: (a) Boundary electric potential
![[Graphic 46]](/bjnano/content/inline/2190-4286-9-183-i59.svg?max-width=637&scale=1.18182)
and (b) boundary electric displacement Dr at Ω for different end f...
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Figure 8: W as a function of the electrode configuration for different end forces.
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Figure 9: W as a function of the electrode configuration for different initial carrier concentrations.
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The inhibition effect of water on the purification of natural gas with nanoporous graphene membranes
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- Published 02 Jul 2018
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Figure 1: The simulation box.
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Figure 2: Atomic charges for nanopores HH (top), NHH (middle) and NN (bottom). The charges of the remaining c...
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Figure 3: The influence of water on the number of methane and nitrogen molecules passing through an HH nanopo...
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Figure 4: The average number of water molecules as a function of the distance of Ow atoms from the center of ...
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Figure 5: The influence of water on the number of methane and nitrogen molecules passing through an NHH nanop...
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Figure 6: The number of water molecules plotted as a function of the distance of Ow atoms from the center of ...
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Figure 7: The influence of water on the number of methane and nitrogen molecules passing through NN nanopore.
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Figure 8: The number of water molecules plotted as a function of the distance of Ow atoms from the center of ...
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Figure 9: Radial distribution function of Ow–Ow pairs and the cumulative number of water molecules for the NN...
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Figure 10: The extracted frame from the simulation trajectory of the separation of CH4 + N2 + 200 H2O with an ...
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Figure 11: The temperature influence on the number of molecules passing across the pore as a function of the s...
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Figure 12: The temperature effect on the number of water molecules as a function of the distance of Ow atoms f...
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Figure 13: The influence of the number of water molecules present in the gaseous mixture on the number of CH4 ...
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Figure 14: Hydrogen-bond correlation functions for hydrogen bridges between water and nitrogen atoms located i...
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Figure 15: Semi-logarithmic plot of the reactive flux correlation functions k(t) for hydrogen bridges between ...
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Figure 16: Temperature influence on (a) the hydrogen bond distance and (b) the angle distribution in water for...
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Figure 17: Evolution in time of the average angle between four vectors designated by four carbon atoms in ever...
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Figure 18: Time evolution of the second kind of deviation. Data were determined from the simulation trajectory...
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- Full Research Paper
- Published 29 Jun 2018
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Figure 1: Three-stage model of CNW growth (adapted from Kondo and co-workers) [18].
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Figure 2: Schematic diagram of ICP-PECVD plasma source.
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Figure 3: SEM images. Sampe 1 deposited at 350 °C and 0 V bias voltage: nanorods; sample 2 deposited at 350 °...
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Figure 4: SEM images. Sample 3 deposited at 425 °C and −30 V bias voltage: straight CNWs; sample 2 deposited ...
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Figure 5: Growth zones of CNW growth: nanorods (low energies), thorny structures and straight CNWs (medium en...
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Figure 6: Growth zones on different substrate materials as a function of substrate temperature and bias volta...
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Figure 7: Typical Raman spectra and the ID/IG ratios for a) nanorods, b) thorny CNWs, c) straight CNWs and d)...
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Figure 8: ID/IG ratio as a function of the mean wall length of the straight and the curled CNWs on a) stainle...
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Figure 9: Heights of CNWs as a function of process parameters and substrate material.
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Figure 10: a) SEM image of the curled CNWs and corresponding b) carbon and c) aluminium mappings, as measured ...
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Figure 11: EDX spectrum of CNWs on stainless steel (Fe, Cr). Besides carbon and aluminium, oxygen can be found...
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