Ultrathin water layers on mannosylated gold nanoparticles

• Maiara A. Iriarte Alonso,
• Jorge H. Melillo,
• Silvina Cerveny,
• Yujin Tong and
• Alexander M. Bittner

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2183–2198, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.151

• = 3 N/m, a resonance frequency f = 75 kHz, and a nominal radius of less than 10 nm were used for the experiments on the hydrophilic surfaces. These conditions are referred to as “hydrophilic conditions”. The visualization of particles on hydrophobic surfaces was achieved by employing gold-coated

Molecular and mechanical insights into gecko seta adhesion: multiscale simulations combining molecular dynamics and the finite element method

• Yash Jain,
• Saeed Norouzi,
• Tobias Materzok,
• Stanislav N. Gorb and
• Florian Müller-Plathe

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2055–2076, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.141

• provide a clear visualization of the detachment sequence and mechanisms of individual spatulae. For the run used in our Figures Figure 10–Figure 14 and in the discussion so far, Table 4 lists the spatula detachment time in the order of detachment. The table confirms that the odd-numbered spatulae detached

Stereodiscrimination of guests in chiral organosilica aerogels studied by ESR spectroscopy

• Sebastian Polarz,
• Yasar Krysiak,
• Martin Wessig and
• Florian Kuhlmann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2034–2054, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.140

Beyond the shell: exploring polymer–lipid interfaces in core–shell nanofibers to carry hyaluronic acid and β-caryophyllene

• Aline Tavares da Silva Barreto,
• Francisco Alexandrino-Júnior,
• Bráulio Soares Arcanjo,
• Paulo Henrique de Souza Picciani and
• Kattya Gyselle de Holanda e Silva

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2015–2033, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.139

• evaluating encapsulation efficiency and conducting in vitro release assays, employing transmission electron microscopy for more detailed visualization of the core–shell structure, and performing biological assessments such as cytocompatibility and scratch wound healing tests to validate the performance of

Programmable soliton dynamics in all-Josephson-junction logic cells and networks

• Vsevolod I. Ruzhickiy,
• Anastasia A. Maksimovskaya,
• Sergey V. Bakurskiy,
• Andrey E. Schegolev,
• Maxim V. Tereshonok,
• Mikhail Yu. Kupriyanov,
• Nikolay V. Klenov and
• Igor I. Soloviev

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1883–1893, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.131

• flowing through the series junctions connecting the nodes. The current between nodes k and k + 1 () is plotted at the midpoint index k + 0.5 for visual clarity.This visualization allows for a direct comparison of the system’s state before and after soliton interaction. The solid lines depict the initial

Beyond the bilayer: multilayered hygroscopic actuation in pine cone scales

• Kim Ulrich,
• Max David Mylo,
• Tom Masselter,
• Fabian Scheckenbach,
• Sophia Fischerbauer,
• Martin Nopens,
• Silja Flenner,
• Imke Greving,
• Linnea Hesse and
• Thomas Speck

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1695–1710, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.119

• analyses, and visualization were done with Python (ver. 3.12.8) using the packages pandas (ver. 2.2.3) [42], scipy (ver. 1.14.1) [43] and seaborn (ver. 0.13.2) [44]. The threshold of statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results Gravimetric water uptake The gravimetric water uptake measurements

Bioinspired polypropylene-based functionally graded materials and metamaterials modeling the mistletoe–host interface

• Lina M. Rojas González,
• Naeim Ghavidelnia,
• Christoph Eberl and
• Max D. Mylo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1592–1606, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.113

• . Comparison of bidirectionally graded specimens, showing exemplary (E) stress–strain curves and (F) failure patterns. Overview of the major strain analyses of the linear (A, C) and bidirectionally graded (B, D) materials obtained by DIC. For all specimens, the pre-failure stage was selected for visualization

The role of biochar in combating microplastic pollution: a bibliometric analysis in environmental contexts

• Tuan Minh Truong Dang,
• Thao Thu Thi Huynh,
• Guo-Ping Chang-Chien and
• Ha Manh Bui

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1401–1416, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.102

• using CiteSpace has proven instrumental. CiteSpace facilitates citation network visualization, co-citation analysis and the identification of emerging research trends, providing insights into the intellectual structure of this scientific domain [26]. By uncovering key contributors and trends

• , bibliometric tools support informed policy making and research prioritization. The application of bibliometric analysis enables an accessible and comprehensive visualization of research dynamics and development trends in BC-based MP remediation. Additionally, using authoritative journal databases such as

• systematically reviewed, categorized, and analyzed using bibliometric software. Data visualization facilitated the identification of research trends and relationships among publications, contributing to a clearer understanding of the field’s progression. Current status and thematic analysis Bibliometric analysis

Thickness dependent oxidation in CrCl₃: a scanning X-ray photoemission and Kelvin probe microscopies study

• Shafaq Kazim,
• Rahul Parmar,
• Maryam Azizinia,
• Matteo Amati,
• Muhammad Rauf,
• Andrea Di Cicco,
• Seyed Javid Rezvani,
• Dario Mastrippolito,
• Luca Ottaviano,
• Tomasz Klimczuk,
• Luca Gregoratti and
• Roberto Gunnella

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 749–761, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.58

• data were shifted vertically for better visualization. In the Cr 2p spectrum, one can clearly see the fingerprint of the low-binding-energy component for the thicker region (T), which is clearly absent in the leaner part (L). From our previous report, we know that the low-binding-energy component

A formulation containing Cymbopogon flexuosus essential oil: improvement of biochemical parameters and oxidative stress in diabetic rats

• Ailton Santos Sena-Júnior,
• Cleverton Nascimento Santana Andrade,
• Pedro Henrique Macedo Moura,
• Jocsã Hémany Cândido dos Santos,
• Cauãn Torres Trancoso,
• Eloia Emanuelly Dias Silva,
• Deise Maria Rego Rodrigues Silva,
• Ênio Pereira Telles,
• Luiz André Santos Silva,
• Isabella Lima Dantas Teles,
• Sara Fernanda Mota de Almeida,
• Daniel Alves de Souza,
• Jileno Ferreira Santos,
• Felipe José Aidar Martins,
• Ana Mara de Oliveira e Silva,
• Sandra Lauton-Santos,
• Guilherme Rodolfo Souza de Araujo,
• Cristiane Bani Correa,
• Rogéria De Souza Nunes,
• Lysandro Pinto Borges and
• Ana Amélia Moreira Lira

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 617–636, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.48

• Information File 1, Figure S1) through the visualization of a dark field. In general, microemulsions do not deflect the plane of polarized light since their optical properties are constant in all directions [18]. Rheology is the science that studies the flow characteristics and deformation of matter when

Development of a mucoadhesive drug delivery system and its interaction with gastric cells

• Ahmet Baki Sahin,
• Serdar Karakurt and
• Deniz Sezlev Bilecen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 371–384, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.28

• for 10 min), washed once with ddH2O, and sonicated for 5 min in a sonication bath before characterization. To investigate the interaction of EudAlg nanoparticles with artificial mucus and for visualization of nanoparticles in fluorescence microscopy, fluorescently labeled Alg NPs were synthesized and

Graphene oxide–chloroquine conjugate induces DNA damage in A549 lung cancer cells through autophagy modulation

• Braham Dutt Arya,
• Sandeep Mittal,
• Prachi Joshi,
• Alok Kumar Pandey,
• Jaime E. Ramirez-Vick,
• Govind Gupta and
• Surinder P. Singh

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 316–332, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.24

• created by the authors using Avogadro: an open-source molecular builder and visualization tool. Version 1.0.2n http://avogadro.cc/) [40]. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis. C 1s core level spectra for GO (a), Chl (b), and GO–Chl (c), respectively. Experimental (black line), fitted data (red line

Synthesis and the impact of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles on the viability and activity of rhizobacteria

• Bedah Rupaedah,
• Indrika Novella,
• Atiek Rostika Noviyanti,
• Diana Rakhmawaty Eddy,
• Anna Safarrida,
• Abdul Hapid,
• Zhafira Amila Haqqa,
• Suryana Suryana,
• Irwan Kurnia and
• Fathiyah Inayatirrahmi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 216–228, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.17

• cycles consisting of denaturation at 94 °C for 45 s, annealing at 52 °C for 1 min, and elongation at 72 °C for 1 min. After the final cycle, polymerization continued at 72 °C for 5 min. The PCR products were then analyzed by electrophoresis on a 1% agarose gel. Visualization was performed under UV light

Probing the potential of rare earth elements in the development of new anticancer drugs: single molecule studies

• Josiane A. D. Batista,
• Rayane M. de Oliveira,
• Carlos H. M. Lima,
• Milton L. Lana Júnior,
• Virgílio C. dos Anjos,
• Maria J. V. Bell and
• Márcio S. Rocha

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 187–194, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.15

• extracted as well, providing robust information about the effects of the rare earths on the DNA double helix [19][16]. In addition, atomic force microscopy (AFM) imaging assays were also performed to confirm DNA compaction/condensation by erbium and neodymium, allowing for a direct visualization of these

• prepared in a microtube and allowed to equilibrate for ca. 30 min. Then, an aliquot of 20 μL is deposited on the substrate and completely dried, first with nitrogen at ambient temperature (≈25 °C) and then in a fridge (4 °C) for 12 h. The 3 kbp DNA was used here to allow for the visualization of various

Theoretical study of the electronic and optical properties of a composite formed by the zeolite NaA and a magnetite cluster

• Joel Antúnez-García,
• Roberto Núñez-González,
• Vitalii Petranovskii,
• H’Linh Hmok,
• Armando Reyes-Serrato,
• Fabian N. Murrieta-Rico,
• Mufei Xiao and
• Jonathan Zamora

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 44–53, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.5

• development of nanotechnology and the emergence of composite zeolite materials have opened up unprecedented opportunities for their application in nanomedicine [47]. The unique properties of magnetic nanoparticles allow them to be used for targeted drug delivery and visualization of internal organs [48

Attempts to preserve and visualize protein corona on the surface of biological nanoparticles in blood serum using photomodification

• Julia E. Poletaeva,
• Anastasiya V. Tupitsyna,
• Alina E. Grigor’eva,
• Ilya S. Dovydenko and
• Elena I. Ryabchikova

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1654–1666, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.130

• prevent the corona loss, we fixed it on the surface of the bio-NPs by the photomodification method. We developed this method recently for fixing a full protein corona on model NPs with lipid envelope. One of the proofs of protein corona formation on the particle surface was its visualization using TEM [23

• particle surface (probable protein corona). Obviously, in addition to bio-NPs, the serum samples contain structureless components, which can significantly complicate the visualization of bio-NPs bearing a protein corona. Our next task was to isolate bio-NPs from these samples and to analyze their surface

• in their study since this method is the only method for direct visualization of submicrometer structures. We used negative staining of bio-NP samples, which allows one to see the particles and study their structure, as well as to assess the degree of contamination of the sample with impurities. The

Ultrablack color in velvet ant cuticle

• Vinicius Marques Lopez,
• Wencke Krings,
• Juliana Reis Machado,
• Stanislav Gorb and
• Rhainer Guillermo-Ferreira

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1554–1565, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.122

• characteristics of cuticle cross sections, we prepared the samples by sectioning, allowing for the visualization of the underlying structures. Prior to SEM imaging, a thin layer of gold–palladium, 10 nm thick, was applied to the samples. We utilized a Hitachi S-4800 SEM, operating at 3 kV. Images were captured at

The round-robin approach applied to nanoinformatics: consensus prediction of nanomaterials zeta potential

• Dimitra-Danai Varsou,
• Arkaprava Banerjee,
• Joyita Roy,
• Kunal Roy,
• Giannis Savvas,
• Haralambos Sarimveis,
• Ewelina Wyrzykowska,
• Mateusz Balicki,
• Tomasz Puzyn,
• Georgia Melagraki,
• Iseult Lynch and
• Antreas Afantitis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1536–1553, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.121

• identifying the specific neighbours and their Euclidean distances, as well as enabling visualization of the overall prediction space [33][34]. Random forest regression model Random forest regressor is an ensemble learning, tree-based method. It combines multiple decision tree predictors to create a more

Integrating high-performance computing, machine learning, data management workflows, and infrastructures for multiscale simulations and nanomaterials technologies

• Fabio Le Piane,
• Mario Vozza,
• Matteo Baldoni and
• Francesco Mercuri

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1498–1521, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.119

• materials across a broad range of length and time scales [4][18]. Furthermore, the development of user-friendly interfaces and visualization tools has improved the accessibility and usability of these advanced hardware and software technologies [19][20]. In parallel to the use of large-scale computing

• ]), collaborative research environments (ResearchGate Labs [29], Mendeley Data) and other services for AI, data analytics, visualization, and training. Cloud platforms have also been used to perform simulations in the materials science domain [30] and to perform automated data analysis [31]. However, the power of

• reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) have shown promise in materials visualization and design. VR and AR platforms offer immersive and interactive experiences, enabling researchers to visualize complex material structures, analyze properties, and manipulate models in real time. These technologies

Effect of radiation-induced vacancy saturation on the first-order phase transformation in nanoparticles: insights from a model

• Aram Shirinyan and
• Yuriy Bilogorodskyy

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1453–1472, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.117

• irradiation. The visualization in Figure 2 depicts the influence of irradiation on the phase transition, showing three distinct zones based on the energy changes, namely zone I without the manifestation of radiation effects and with the dominant influence of surface energies (Δg < 0, Δgp < 0), zone II with

Nanotechnological approaches for efficient N2B delivery: from small-molecule drugs to biopharmaceuticals

• Selin Akpinar Adscheid,
• Akif E. Türeli,
• Nazende Günday-Türeli and
• Marc Schneider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1400–1414, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.113

• visualization and to deliver anti-eGFP siRNA and double-stranded DNA. The formulation offered advantages over others as an effective tracker. It confirmed the accumulation of NPs in the olfactory bulbs and other regions of the brain via intranasal administration [159]. Additionally, Jeong et al. focused on

Nanoarchitectonics with cetrimonium bromide on metal nanoparticles for linker-free detection of toxic metal ions and catalytic degradation of 4-nitrophenol

• Akash Kumar and
• Raja Gopal Rayavarapu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1312–1332, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.106

• laborious and requires precious metals such as palladium and platinum as catalysts [20]. Colorimetric detection methods have attracted attention because of their advantages, including simplicity, sensitivity, visualization, and real-time detection, while other methods often require expensive instrumentation

Effects of cutting tool geometry on material removal of a gradient nanograined CoCrNi medium entropy alloy

• Yu-Sheng Lu,
• Yu-Xuan Hung,
• Thi-Xuyen Bui and
• Te-Hua Fang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 925–940, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.76

• /molecularly parallel simulator (LAMMPS) software [16][17], and the GNG model substrates were built from the ATOMSK software [18]. Deformation response, molecular structure, and atomic strain behavior were observed using the Open Visualization Tool (OVITO) software [19][20]. The mechanisms of phase transitions

Heat-induced morphological changes in silver nanowires deposited on a patterned silicon substrate

• Elyad Damerchi,
• Sven Oras,
• Edgars Butanovs,
• Allar Liivlaid,
• Mikk Antsov,
• Boris Polyakov,
• Annamarija Trausa,
• Veronika Zadin,
• Andreas Kyritsakis,
• Loïc Vidal,
• Karine Mougin,
• Siim Pikker and
• Sergei Vlassov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 435–446, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.39

•  1. Molecular dynamics simulations were performed with the large-scale atomic/molecular massively parallel simulator (LAMMPS) [40]. Interactions between the atoms were governed by the embedded atom method (EAM) potential [41] for silver atoms. Visualization was performed with the Open Visualization

Insect attachment on waxy plant surfaces: the effect of pad contamination by different waxes

• Elena V. Gorb and
• Stanislav N. Gorb

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 385–395, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.35

• short-term temporary adhesion and locomotion on various microrough surfaces. Contamination of insect pads by plant wax material As well as in our previous study [34], we considered here only the discoidal setal tips allowing for (1) easier visualization of the contamination and (2) more precise