Studies towards synthesis, evolution and alignment characteristics of dense, millimeter long multiwalled carbon nanotube arrays

• Pitamber Mahanandia,
• Jörg J. Schneider,
• Martin Engel,
• Bernd Stühn,
• Somanahalli V. Subramanyam and
• Karuna Kar Nanda

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 293–301, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.34

• of CNTs. Once the initial CNT formation is established, CNT growth continues in the vertical direction and is further reinforced by the presence of nearby surrounding CNTs, which display multiple van der Waals force interactions and mechanically stabilize the large area growth in the vertical

Defects in oxide surfaces studied by atomic force and scanning tunneling microscopy

• Thomas König,
• Georg H. Simon,
• Lars Heinke,
• Leonid Lichtenstein and
• Markus Heyde

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 1–14, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.1

• exclusion principle. These repulsive forces balance and prevail the attractive forces at very short distances. The classification into these three groups is neither rigid nor exhaustive. For example, van der Waals force, which falls into category two, is a general consequence of the zero-point energy in

Tip-sample interactions on graphite studied using the wavelet transform

• Giovanna Malegori and
• Gabriele Ferrini

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2010, 1, 172–181, doi:10.3762/bjnano.1.21

• frequency shift of the resonant frequency is observed on approaching the graphite surface. The resonance peaks are fitted with a Lorentzian. b) The black continuous line is a fit of the van der Waals force gradient between a spherical tip and a flat surface (force gradient = HR/3z3, z is the tip-sample