Gelatin nanoparticles with tunable mechanical properties: effect of crosslinking time and loading

• Agnes-Valencia Weiss,
• Daniel Schorr,
• Julia K. Metz,
• Metin Yildirim,
• Saeed Ahmad Khan and
• Marc Schneider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 778–787, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.68

• ]. Contrarily, nanoparticles composed of a lipid bilayer with cores of different crosslinking extent showed higher uptake of softer particles in MCF-7 cells, which was thought to be due to a melting process of particles with the cell membrane that consumed less energy than endocytosis [8]. Regarding the in vivo

Electrostatic pull-in application in flexible devices: A review

• Teng Cai,
• Yuming Fang,
• Yingli Fang,
• Ruozhou Li,
• Ying Yu and
• Mingyang Huang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 390–403, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.32

• increasing the electrode gap [54]. Due to the high voltage and the rapid local heating caused by the electrostatic discharge, the burning and melting electrode material will also affect the life cycles of the switch. Using AC voltage can reduce the need for high-temperature resistance of the electrodes. The

Effects of drug concentration and PLGA addition on the properties of electrospun ampicillin trihydrate-loaded PLA nanofibers

• Tuğba Eren Böncü and
• Nurten Ozdemir

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 245–254, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.19

• the polymers added to PLA. As a result, the hydrophobic antibiotic ampicillin trihydrate had the lowest burst effect and the slowest controlled release with PLA/PLGA nanofibers compared to that of PLA, PCL and PLA/PCL nanofibers. As shown in Figure 5, the absence of the melting endotherm peak at

Chemical vapor deposition of germanium-rich CrGe_x nanowires

• Vladislav Dřínek,
• Stanislav Tiagulskyi,
• Roman Yatskiv,
• Jan Grym,
• Radek Fajgar,
• Věra Jandová,
• Martin Koštejn and
• Jaroslav Kupčík

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1365–1371, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.100

• in mind that the melting point of nanodroplets may be reduced by hundreds of kelvins [19]. Tapering of the CrGex coating is observed during the whole experiment as Cr and Ge atoms migrate from the NW bottom and/or are transferred directly from the gas phase [20]. Several attempts were made to

Biocompatibility and cytotoxicity in vitro of surface-functionalized drug-loaded spinel ferrite nanoparticles

• Sadaf Mushtaq,
• Khuram Shahzad,
• Tariq Saeed,
• Anwar Ul-Hamid,
• Bilal Haider Abbasi,
• Nafees Ahmad,
• Waqas Khalid,
• Muhammad Atif,
• Zulqurnain Ali and
• Rashda Abbasi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1339–1364, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.99

• (low-melting and normal) were purchased from Thermo Fischer Scientific and Hydra Gene Co., Ltd, respectively. Ethanol, trichloroacetic acid (TCA, 99%), trypan blue, fetal bovine serum (FBS, sterile filtered), orange G, sodium hydroxide (NaOH, 99%), and dibutylphthalate polystyrene xylene (DPX, research

Progress and innovation of nanostructured sulfur cathodes and metal-free anodes for room-temperature Na–S batteries

• Marina Tabuyo-Martínez,
• Bernd Wicklein and
• Pilar Aranda

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 995–1020, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.75

• physical and chemical impregnation, mechanical mixing and self-assembly. Straightforward approaches are sulfur melt and vapor impregnation of suitable matrices. These routes require heating to temperatures above the melting (115 °C) and boiling (446 °C) point of sulfur, respectively. While the former

The role of deep eutectic solvents and carrageenan in synthesizing biocompatible anisotropic metal nanoparticles

• Nabojit Das,
• Akash Kumar and
• Raja Gopal Rayavarapu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 924–938, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.69

• melting points, which interact via hydrogen bond to form a fluid at room temperature with a freezing temperature much below that of the individual precursor components. These strong hydrogen bonds restrict the recrystallization of the parent compounds [72]. There are numerous reports on DESs from various

Comprehensive review on ultrasound-responsive theranostic nanomaterials: mechanisms, structures and medical applications

• Sepand Tehrani Fateh,
• Lida Moradi,
• Elmira Kohan,
• Michael R. Hamblin and
• Amin Shiralizadeh Dezfuli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 808–862, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.64

Rapid controlled synthesis of gold–platinum nanorods with excellent photothermal properties under 808 nm excitation

• Jialin Wang,
• Qianqian Duan,
• Min Yang,
• Boye Zhang,
• Li Guo,
• Pengcui Li,
• Wendong Zhang and
• Shengbo Sang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 462–472, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.37

• ][14], have become one of the most extensively researched PTAs. It is acknowledged that thermal stability is extremely critical for noble metal PTAs. The observed melting temperature reduction at the nanoscale will affect the integrity of structure and morphology, thus affecting the optical properties

Doxorubicin-loaded gold nanorods: a multifunctional chemo-photothermal nanoplatform for cancer management

• Uzma Azeem Awan,
• Abida Raza,
• Shaukat Ali,
• Rida Fatima Saeed and
• Nosheen Akhtar

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 295–303, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.24

• than 10% of DOX was released within 4 h from PSS-GNR-DOX without NIR irradiation under the same experimental conditions (Figure 5). Drug release from the nanocomplex (PSS-GNR-DOX) might be easily turned “on” and “off” by NIR laser exposure. The NIR laser irradiation causes a melting of PSS that would

Gold(I) N-heterocyclic carbene precursors for focused electron beam-induced deposition

• Cristiano Glessi,
• Aya Mahgoub,
• Cornelis W. Hagen and
• Mats Tilset

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 257–269, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.21

• ppm). Mass spectra were obtained on a Micromass QTOF II spectrometer and a Bruker Daltronics maXis II spectrometer. Melting point determinations were performed on a Stuart SMP10 melting point apparatus, using flame-sealed capillaries at a pressure of ca. 0.2 mbar in order to mimic a vacuum environment

• ). The melting temperatures of the compounds are found not to be correlated directly with the sublimation temperatures. The sublimation temperature is a lower boundary of the FEBID operating range, to achieve a useful vapour pressure. The upper boundary is the upper pressure limit of the SEM. All

• the eye. Synthesis routes for 1–7. Sublimation temperatures, melting points, and the chosen temperature for deposition of the studied precursors. Elemental composition of deposits obtained by EDX with all values given in atom %. In addition, the ratio between carbon content and gold content in the

The role of gold atom concentration in the formation of Cu–Au nanoparticles from the gas phase

• Yuri Ya. Gafner,
• Svetlana L. Gafner,
• Darya A. Ryzkova and
• Andrey V. Nomoev

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 72–81, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.6

• ) were found in the spatial distribution shown in [3] and a pure copper cluster melts at 1100 K [21], even with a size of 2200 atoms, the temperature of the system should be equivalent to the higher melting point (Tm = 1358 K for copper). Therefore, a comparative analysis between the spatial distribution

• decrease in the maximum cluster size as well as in the number of clusters with a relatively large size (Figure 2). This means that there is a clear tendency to suppress the agglomeration of nanoparticles by increasing their content of gold atoms. It is known that in the bulk state, the melting points of

• copper and gold are practically equal (Tm = 1358 K and Tm = 1337 K, respectively). However, this is no longer true in the nanoscale case. The MD modeling [21][23] showed that at an equal size (D < 10 nm), the melting temperature of copper nanoclusters is 30–40% higher than that of gold clusters, which

Bio-imaging with the helium-ion microscope: A review

• Matthias Schmidt,
• James M. Byrne and
• Ilari J. Maasilta

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1–23, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.1

• alternative approach to the fixation, dehydration, drying, and even coating stages outlined above is to apply ionic liquids during sample preparation. Ionic liquids are organic salts with low melting points which are fluid at room temperature. They are persistent as liquids under the high-vacuum conditions of

Imaging and milling resolution of light ion beams from helium ion microscopy and FIBs driven by liquid metal alloy ion sources

• Nico Klingner,
• Gregor Hlawacek,
• Paul Mazarov,
• Wolfgang Pilz,
• Fabian Meyer and
• Lothar Bischoff

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1742–1749, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.156

• different targets [42][43] and a Ga-LMIS driven FIB [44][45]. Light ion species, source type, source temperature for GFIS and LMAIS, source material, emitter tip material, and corresponding references. For the LMAIS, the listed temperatures are the melting points of the eutectic alloy. The actually used

Amorphized length and variability in phase-change memory line cells

• Nafisa Noor,
• Sadid Muneer,
• Raihan Sayeed Khan,
• Anna Gorbenko and
• Helena Silva

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1644–1654, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.147

• read DC sweeps was applied. When a post-reset voltage pulse with sufficient amplitude was applied to a given cell, the measured current and the post-pulse resistance increased drastically, indicating that the cell re-amorphized after threshold switching, melting, and quenching. The amorphized length

• pulse. When the applied post-reset pulse amplitude was high enough, a significant increase in the measured current and post-pulse cell resistance was observed. This indicated a re-amorphization after threshold switching, melting, and subsequent quenching, as inferred from the measurements and circuit

• , Ramorphous(after-pulse), (Figure 6c) for the two re-amorphization events shown in Figure 4. The Rmolten value is assumed to be 140 Ω for all simulations, which is slightly less than the Rcrystalline value, since melting incorporates a drop in the GST resistivity [26]. Table 2 lists these different resistance

High-responsivity hybrid α-Ag₂S/Si photodetector prepared by pulsed laser ablation in liquid

• Raid A. Ismail,
• Hanan A. Rawdhan and
• Duha S. Ahmed

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1596–1607, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.142

• melting/fragmentation [19]. In the present work, we demonstrate a novel technique to prepare monodisperse Ag2S NPs using CTAB surfactant-assisted pulsed laser ablation of Ag2S NPs in a thiourea (Tu) solution. Moreover, a high-performance hybrid Ag2S/Si photodetector was fabricated. Experimental Colloidal

Detecting stable adsorbates of (1S)-camphor on Cu(111) with Bayesian optimization

• Jari Järvi,
• Patrick Rinke and
• Milica Todorović

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1577–1589, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.140

• been applied in modeling the PES to identify structures with minimum energy. GP regression has been used for example in local structure optimization [21], in finding minimum energy paths [22], and in predicting specific materials properties, such as melting temperature [23] or elasticity [24]. BO has

Fabrication of nano/microstructures for SERS substrates using an electrochemical method

• Jingran Zhang,
• Tianqi Jia,
• Xiaoping Li,
• Junjie Yang,
• Zhengkai Li,
• Guangfeng Shi,
• Xinming Zhang and
• Zuobin Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1568–1576, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.139

• roughness and shows the potential for storing micro- or nanoparticles. During PEO treatment, the intrinsic passivation layer of the Mg alloy is disrupted in random positions through local melting during electrical breakdowns. After cooling by the electrolyte, a stable oxide layer containing arrayed pores is

Excitonic and electronic transitions in Me–Sb₂Se₃ structures

• Nicolae N. Syrbu,
• Victor V. Zalamai,
• Ivan G. Stamov and
• Stepan I. Beril

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1045–1053, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.89

• to 2–3 eV. The crystalline structure of Sb2Se3 is quite uniform and stable which minimizes the energy loss due to radiation [3][7][8]. In combination, the binary arrangement (Sb, Se), high crystalline stability, low toxicity and low deposition temperature (melting point ≈611 °С) reduce the production

Microwave-induced electric discharges on metal particles for the synthesis of inorganic nanomaterials under solvent-free conditions

• Vijay Tripathi,
• Harit Kumar,
• Anubhav Agarwal and
• Leela S. Panchakarla

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1019–1025, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.86

• surrounding gas, followed by electric discharges [12]. These discharges might lead to the melting of the metal and the evaporation of metal, surrounding carbon, sulfur, and fluorine (from Teflon). A chemical reaction between the metal and sulfur and/or fluorine leads to the formation of metal sulfides and/or

Effect of magnetic field, heat generation and absorption on nanofluid flow over a nonlinear stretching sheet

• Santoshi Misra and
• Govardhan Kamatam

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 976–990, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.82

• ] examined the velocity and temperature of nanofluids under the thermal radiation effect using Brownian motion. Viscous fluid flow melting following plate thickness variation was systematically investigated by Farooq et al. [13]. Qayyum et al. [14] considered external factors acting upon the fluid focussing

A 3D-polyphenylalanine network inside porous alumina: Synthesis and characterization of an inorganic–organic composite membrane

• Jonathan Stott and
• Jörg J. Schneider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 938–951, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.78

• (125 MHz, THF-d8), δ: 37.63, 58.58, 126.97, 127.14, 128.45, 129.23, 135.87, 151.55, 170.07 ppm. IR (ATR), ν̃: 3281 s, 3064 w, 3028 w, 1833 m, 1797 w, 1770 s, 1497 w, 1366 m, 1303 m, 1295 m, 1116 m, 1096 w, 946 m, 916 s cm−1. MS (EI), m/z: 191 ([M]+). Melting point: 93–94 °C. Surface-initiated ring

Preparation, characterization and photocatalytic performance of heterostructured CuO–ZnO-loaded composite nanofiber membranes

• Wei Fang,
• Liang Yu and
• Lan Xu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 631–650, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.50

• widely used to fabricate nanofiber membranes because of its good spinnability, electrical conductivity, and heat resistance. However, carbonized PAN nanofiber membranes usually have poor mechanical properties. Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) has better mechanical properties but a lower melting point

• . Carbonized PVDF/PAN CNFs have excellent mechanical properties due to the partial melting of PVDF after carbonization leading to point bonding. Therefore, blends of these two polymers were used as precursor for preparing the heterostructured CuO–ZnO-loaded CNF membranes (CNFMs) in our studies. In our previous

• is 120 °C, the nanofibers begin to break due to the partial melting of PVDF. When the temperature reaches 140 °C, the nanofibers begin to shrink and bend, but they remain fibrous. At a temperature of 160 °C, most of the nanofibers begin to melt. Finally, when the temperature reaches 180 °C, PVDF

Nanoparticles based on the zwitterionic pillar[5]arene and Ag⁺: synthesis, self-assembly and cytotoxicity in the human lung cancer cell line A549

• Dmitriy N. Shurpik,
• Denis A. Sevastyanov,
• Pavel V. Zelenikhin,
• Pavel L. Padnya,
• Vladimir G. Evtugyn,
• Yuriy N. Osin and
• Ivan I. Stoikov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 421–431, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.33

• -nitroaniline matrix. The melting points were determined using a Boetius Block apparatus. Additional control of the purity of compounds and monitoring of the reaction were carried out by thin-layer chromatography using Silica G, 200 µm plates, UV 254. Most chemicals were purchased from Aldrich and used as

Formation of nanoripples on ZnO flat substrates and nanorods by gas cluster ion bombardment

• Xiaomei Zeng,
• Vasiliy Pelenovich,
• Bin Xing,
• Rakhim Rakhimov,
• Wenbin Zuo,
• Alexander Tolstogouzov,
• Chuansheng Liu,
• Dejun Fu and
• Xiangheng Xiao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 383–390, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.29

• cluster beam upon the surface plane, while at off-normal incidence nanometer-sized ripples are formed on the substrate surface. When an energetic cluster collides with the surface temperature and pressure in the impact zone increase sharply due to the high energy density, which results in melting, partial