Synthesis of silver–palladium Janus nanoparticles using co-sputtering of independent sources: experimental and theorical study

• Maria J. Martínez-Carreón,
• Francisco Solís-Pomar,
• Abel Fundora,
• Claudio D. Gutiérrez-Lazos,
• Sergio Mejía-Rosales,
• Hector N. Fernández-Escamilla,
• Jonathan Guerrero-Sánchez,
• Manuel F. Meléndrez and
• Eduardo Pérez-Tijerina

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 808–816, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.67

• not have. For instance, the distinct sides of Janus nanoparticles can be functionalized with different surface chemistries, allowing for controlled interactions with different molecules, surfaces, or biological entities; this feature may be particularly useful in applications as diverse as drug

• ) interplanar distance is reported in the Experimental section, we computed the Ag and Pd (111) surface models. The Ag(111) (Figure 6a,b) and Pd(111) (Figure 6d,e) surfaces were modeled in a hexagonal lattice, with a slab thickness equivalent to three unit cells (approximately 2 nm). All models considered

Green synthesis of biomass-derived carbon quantum dots for photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue

• Dalia Chávez-García,
• Mario Guzman,
• Viridiana Sanchez and
• Rubén D. Cadena-Nava

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 755–766, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.63

• samples, one centered around 1300 cm−1 and another one centered around 1550 cm−1. These features can be related with the D and G bands, respectively [41]. The D band, usually centered around 1385 cm−1, corresponds to C with an sp3 hybridization and is commonly associated with disordered surfaces. On the

• ], which facilitates the formation of electron–hole pairs when irradiated with a W lamp, resulting in a higher photocatalytic activity in comparison to that with sunlight irradiation. Even when samples M2 and M6 were synthesized using also nitric acid, the formation of C–N groups on their surfaces could be

Effect of repeating hydrothermal growth processes and rapid thermal annealing on CuO thin film properties

• Monika Ozga,
• Eunika Zielony,
• Aleksandra Wierzbicka,
• Anna Wolska,
• Marcin Klepka,
• Marek Godlewski,
• Bogdan J. Kowalski and
• Bartłomiej S. Witkowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 743–754, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.62

• tested surfaces. The results of this analysis are presented in Figure 7. Regardless of the analyzed sample, the dC/dV signal consistently exhibits positive values, indicating that there is no carrier inversion due to HT+RTA sequencing. Regardless of the sample preparation procedure, the p-type

• concentration at grain boundaries and surfaces of individual grains. Further research is required to gain insight into the phenomena at grain boundaries, aiming to provide a precise explanation of the factors contributing to such a rapid change in the distribution of carriers in CuO films. SEM images of the

Functional fibrillar interfaces: Biological hair as inspiration across scales

• Guillermo J. Amador,
• Brett Klaassen van Oorschot,
• Caiying Liao,
• Jianing Wu and
• Da Wei

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 664–677, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.55

• , hair-like trichomes on plant surfaces [27]. Overall, to promote homeostasis in plants, animals, bacteria, and bacteriophages, fibrillar structures contribute to the following functions: protection (e.g., thermal insulation and defense), locomotion and feeding, and sensing. This review will present how

• difference of ≈10−4 °C. Therefore, thermal insulation would have a negligible effect on thermoregulation at this scale. Instead, cells may be able to regulate their metabolic rates in response to changes in environmental temperatures [38]. Wettability Superhydrophobic surfaces have the unique capability of

• preventing water from spreading; thus, they exhibit low wettability. In order to achieve superhydrophobicity, surfaces should have structural hierarchy and be composed of materials with low surface energy. The classic example of such a surface in nature is the lotus leaf [39], which possesses wax-covered

Laser synthesis of nanoparticles in organic solvents – products, reactions, and perspectives

• Theo Fromme,
• Sven Reichenberger,
• Katharine M. Tibbetts and
• Stephan Barcikowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 638–663, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.54

• % [68][69], while platinum surfaces are partially oxidized with 20–73% [70][92], and nickel particles are completely oxidized [70]. This was further investigated by Kalus et al., who ablated seven different metals (Au, Pt, Ag, Cu, Fe, Ti, and Al) in water while quantifying the formed hydrogen and oxygen

• shells during post-treatment irradiation (Figure 11b, Figure 12) [101]. (iii) Compagnini et al. [158] as well as Zhang et al. [159] reported slowly growing carbon shells on nanoparticle surfaces. Hence, a third mechanism may be proposed (Figure 11c). In detail, Compagnini et al. found growing carbon

• graphite oxide [37][167]. However, the carbon shells were found to grow around the Cu nanoparticles after termination of the laser irradiation, suggesting that the copper nanoparticle surfaces catalyzed the condensation of reactive solvent decomposition products into the observed carbon shells. In summary

Comparative analysis of the ultrastructure and adhesive secretion pathways of different smooth attachment pads of the stick insect Medauroidea extradentata (Phasmatodea)

• Julian Thomas,
• Stanislav N. Gorb and
• Thies H. Büscher

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 612–630, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.52

• ; Introduction Throughout their evolutionary timeline, insects evolved various surfaces interacting with the environment. These include friction-based adhesive organs, which are essential for locomotion by generating frictional and adhesive forces [1][2][3][4]. Two morphologically different friction-based

• particles together into larger complexes for easier removal [25][26]. It can also improve attachment to surfaces with different surface chemistry by mediating between the two surfaces in contact [27][28]. The lipid-containing pad secretion protects the insect from additional water loss through the thin

• environmental conditions such as wear [76] and evaporation [44]. This enhanced resilience comes at the expense of reduced adaptability to surface irregularities. As a frictional pad, the euplantula requires increased wear resistance, prioritizing it over optimal conformability to surfaces to withstand applied

AFM-IR investigation of thin PECVD SiO_x films on a polypropylene substrate in the surface-sensitive mode

• Hendrik Müller,
• Hartmut Stadler,
• Teresa de los Arcos,
• Adrian Keller and
• Guido Grundmeier

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 603–611, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.51

• Hendrik Muller Hartmut Stadler Teresa de los Arcos Adrian Keller Guido Grundmeier Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, Paderborn University, Warburger Str. 100, 33098 Paderborn, Germany Bruker Nano Surfaces and Metrology Division, Östliche Rheinbrückenstr. 49, 76187 Karlsruhe, Germany 10.3762

Stiffness calibration of qPlus sensors at low temperature through thermal noise measurements

• Laurent Nony,
• Sylvain Clair,
• Daniel Uehli,
• Aitziber Herrero,
• Jean-Marc Themlin,
• Andrea Campos,
• Franck Para,
• Alessandro Pioda and
• Christian Loppacher

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 580–602, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.50

• University, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, FSCM (FR1739), CP2M, 13397 Marseille, France 10.3762/bjnano.15.50 Abstract Non-contact atomic force microscopy (nc-AFM) offers a unique experimental framework for topographical imaging of surfaces with atomic and/or sub-molecular resolution. The technique also permits

Directed growth of quinacridone chains on the vicinal Ag(35 1 1) surface

• Niklas Humberg,
• Lukas Grönwoldt and
• Moritz Sokolowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 556–568, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.48

• step edges. Keywords: Ag(100); intermolecular hydrogen bonds; one-dimensional aggregates; organic nanostructures; quinacridone; step-molecule interactions; vicinal surface; Introduction A versatile and powerful method to create nanostructures on surfaces is the self-assembly of atoms and molecules

• , one-dimensional aggregates are also used for gas sensing and carbon-capturing materials [8][9]. A group of surfaces that is very appealing for the growth of 1D structures are vicinal surfaces [10] because the step edges break the rotational symmetry of the surface further and add a periodic 1D grating

• step decoration can be exploited to grow 1D chain-like structures of adsorbates that otherwise tend to form two-dimensional (2D) domains on flat terraces. Examples are atoms forming 1D metallic chains [11][12][13][14][15] and organic molecules forming 1D chains at step edges of vicinal metal surfaces

Electron-induced deposition using Fe(CO)₄MA and Fe(CO)₅ – effect of MA ligand and process conditions

• Hannah Boeckers,
• Atul Chaudhary,
• Petra Martinović,
• Amy V. Walker,
• Lisa McElwee-White and
• Petra Swiderek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 500–516, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.45

• phase [30][31][32][33][34], of clusters of the precursor [35][36][37][38], or of Fe(CO)5 adsorbed on surfaces [27][39][40][41][42][43] with the aim to provide insight into the chemical reactions inherent in the FEBID process. A recent surface science study was performed on Fe(CO)5 adsorbed on a Au

Sidewall angle tuning in focused electron beam-induced processing

• Sangeetha Hari,
• Willem F. van Dorp,
• Johannes J. L. Mulders,
• Piet H. F. Trompenaars,
• Pieter Kruit and
• Cornelis W. Hagen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 447–456, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.40

• structures by removing the undesired carbon remnants from organometallic precursors [5][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. Another example is a study of the etching rate and the etching profiles achieved in FEBIE with water on diamond samples [19]. Most studies were limited to etching of planar surfaces

• . Although etching on a slope has been experimentally demonstrated with the slimming of nanowires [20], the shape evolution during etching on sloped surfaces has not been studied thoroughly. Ten carbon deposits were made, 300 nm in width and 500 nm in length, identically patterned at a centre-to-centre

• of the chamber and other open surfaces. Additionally, on letting in water after deposition, the contamination level was found to be higher. This is consistent with reports of increased diffusion of hydrocarbons in the presence of adsorbed water layers. Therefore, to maintain clean working conditions

Unveiling the nature of atomic defects in graphene on a metal surface

• Karl Rothe,
• Nicolas Néel and
• Jörg Kröger

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 416–425, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.37

• of defects. Experimental A combined STM-AFM was operated in ultrahigh vacuum (5 × 10−9 Pa) and at low temperature (5 K). Surfaces of Ir(111) were cleaned by Ar+ ion bombardement and annealing. The epitaxial growth of graphene proceeded by exposing the heated (1300 K) Ir(111) surface to the gaseous

• . Before presenting the AFM results, a comparison of the defect spectra in Figure 1d,e with previous results obtained for atomic-scale defects in graphene on other surfaces is noteworthy. Very pronounced electronic resonances localized at vacancy defects were reported for graphite surfaces [13], graphene

Insect attachment on waxy plant surfaces: the effect of pad contamination by different waxes

• Elena V. Gorb and
• Stanislav N. Gorb

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 385–395, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.35

• contamination of insect adhesive pads with three-dimensional epicuticular waxes of different plant species contributes to the reduction of insect attachment. We measured traction forces of tethered Chrysolina fastuosa male beetles having hairy adhesive pads on nine wax-bearing plant surfaces differing in both

• tested insects showed a strong reduction of the maximum traction force on all waxy plant surfaces compared to the reference experiment on glass (gl1). After beetles have walked on waxy plant substrates, their adhesive pads were contaminated with wax material, however, to different extents depending on

• cases of the plant surfaces covered with wax projections having higher aspect ratios. The data obtained clearly indicated the impact of waxy plant surfaces on the insect ability to subsequently attach to the clean smooth surface. This effect is caused by the contamination of adhesive pads and

Investigating ripple pattern formation and damage profiles in Si and Ge induced by 100 keV Ar⁺ ion beam: a comparative study

• Indra Sulania,
• Harpreet Sondhi,
• Tanuj Kumar,
• Sunil Ojha,
• G R Umapathy,
• Ambuj Mishra,
• Ambuj Tripathi,
• Richa Krishna,
• Devesh Kumar Avasthi and
• Yogendra Kumar Mishra

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 367–375, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.33

• Research and Innovation, University of Petroleum and Energy Studies University, Dehradun 248007, India 10.3762/bjnano.15.33 Abstract Desired modifications of surfaces at the nanoscale may be achieved using energetic ion beams. In the present work, a complete study of self-assembled ripple pattern

• to knock them out of the surfaces through an outwardly directed momentum. This process is known as sputtering [26], and the number of ejected atoms per ion is given by the sputtering yield, Y(θ). It is clearly visible that Y is a function of the incident angle θ, and it maximizes around θ ≈ 60°. Ion

• chosen from the literature [37][38] as 3, 5, 7, and 9 × 1017 ions/cm2 to induce complete amorphization within the two surfaces up to the ion range. The ion irradiation experiment was performed in the 90-degree beam line dedicated for materials science experiments in the Low-Energy Ion Beam (LEIB

Controllable physicochemical properties of WO_x thin films grown under glancing angle

• Rupam Mandal,
• Aparajita Mandal,
• Alapan Dutta,
• Rengasamy Sivakumar,
• Sanjeev Kumar Srivastava and
• Tapobrata Som

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 350–359, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.31

• valuable information on the work function of a variety of films’ surfaces. Mathematically, the sample work function (ϕsample) can be expressed as: where the contact potential difference between the sample and the tip is denoted by VCPD and the ϕtip is the work function of the tip [44]. Figure 4a–d presents

Comparative electron microscopy particle sizing of TiO₂ pigments: sample preparation and measurement

• Ralf Theissmann,
• Christopher Drury,
• Markus Rohe,
• Thomas Koch,
• Jochen Winkler and
• Petr Pikal

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 317–332, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.29

• likely because primary particles may be partially fused within aggregates and have some inaccessible surfaces for SSA measurements. To demonstrate the relationship between EM-based primary particle size measurements and other macroscopic measurements, we compared CIELAB colour parameters with MinFeret

Exploring the relationships between physiochemical properties of nanoparticles and cell damage to combat cancer growth using simple periodic table-based descriptors

• Joyita Roy and
• Kunal Roy

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 297–309, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.27

• a vital role in adhesion to the hydro–water interface and solid surfaces, providing an idea about the viability and permeability of the cell membrane under stress. As most of the cell surface carries a negative charge, metals with higher zeta potential can easily enter the cell and increase the

Multiscale modelling of biomolecular corona formation on metallic surfaces

• Parinaz Mosaddeghi Amini,
• Ian Rouse,
• Julia Subbotina and
• Vladimir Lobaskin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 215–229, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.21

• modelling of the interaction between various surfaces, that is (100), (110), and (111), of fcc aluminum with the most abundant milk proteins and lactose. Our approach combines atomistic molecular dynamics, a coarse-grained model of protein adsorption, and kinetic Monte Carlo simulations to predict the

• protein corona composition in the deposited milk layer on aluminum surfaces. We consider a simplified model of milk, which is composed of the six most abundant milk proteins found in natural cow milk and lactose, which is the most abundant sugar found in dairy. Through our study, we ranked selected

• proteins and lactose adsorption affinities based on their corresponding interaction strength with aluminum surfaces and predicted the content of the naturally forming biomolecular corona. Our comprehensive investigation sheds light on the implications of aluminum in food processing and packaging

Ion beam processing of DNA origami nanostructures

• Leo Sala,
• Agnes Zerolová,
• Violaine Vizcaino,
• Alain Mery,
• Alicja Domaracka,
• Hermann Rothard,
• Philippe Boduch,
• Dominik Pinkas and
• Jaroslav Kocišek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 207–214, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.20

• at least 10 s at a distance of 0.2 mm. A volume of 1 μL of a 6 nM DNA origami solution was then dropped onto the Si chips together with 15 μL of 10× FOB and allowed to incubate for 1 h over an ethanol bath. The surfaces were thoroughly washed with at least 1 mL of 50% ethanol and then dried carefully

Graphene removal by water-assisted focused electron-beam-induced etching – unveiling the dose and dwell time impact on the etch profile and topographical changes in SiO₂ substrates

• Aleksandra Szkudlarek,
• Jan M. Michalik,
• Inés Serrano-Esparza,
• Zdeněk Nováček,
• Veronika Novotná,
• Piotr Ozga,
• Czesław Kapusta and
• José María De Teresa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 190–198, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.18

• (and their different adsorption mechanisms on quartz or amorphous silica surfaces), which would be responsible for those topographical changes. This hypothesis could also be supported by the fact that OH− groups can easily interact with the H-terminated surface of amorphous silica. However, they are

Nanocarrier systems loaded with IR780, iron oxide nanoparticles and chlorambucil for cancer theragnostics

• Phuong-Thao Dang-Luong,
• Hong-Phuc Nguyen,
• Loc Le-Tuan,
• Xuan-Thang Cao,
• Vy Tran-Anh and
• Hieu Vu Quang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 180–189, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.17

• likewise negatively charged. Another element influencing NP elimination is glomerular filtration. However, endothelial cell surfaces are negatively charged [35], therefore less NPs will be excreted through the kidneys. In regard to extending the half-life of NPs in the bloodstream, the stealth surface of

• nanoparticle surfaces would assist the NPs to enter the cells. Therefore, F127 has been used as a nanoparticle component for drug delivery. For example, doxorubicin-loaded L61/F127 NPs (SP1049C, Supratek Pharma Inc., Montreal, Canada) have reached phase three in clinical trials [41][42]. The F127-folate@NP has

Modification of graphene oxide and its effect on properties of natural rubber/graphene oxide nanocomposites

• Nghiem Thi Thuong,
• Le Dinh Quang,
• Vu Quoc Cuong,
• Cao Hong Ha,
• Nguyen Ba Lam and
• Seiichi Kawahara

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 168–179, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.16

• –OH and –COOH groups on the GO surfaces and –OH group on silica particle surfaces [33]. However, the intensities of these signals decreased in the FTIR spectra of GO-VTES(a) and GO-VTES(b). This may be attributed to a decrease in the number of –OH groups of GO due to the reaction with VTES and the

• distilled water that was dropped onto GO and GO-VTES surfaces. The value of the contact angle elucidates the hydrophilicity or hydrophobicity of the surface. The higher the contact angle, the higher the hydrophobicity. The contact angle of GO is about 67°, and those of GO-VTES(a) and GO-VTES(b) are 91 and

• . However, in the case of GO-VTES(a), the hydrolysis was not completed. Thus, there were fewer –OH groups on the silica and GO surfaces. This result is in agreement with the 29Si NMR and ATR FTIR analysis. Thermal gravimetric analysis results The degradation behavior of GO-VTES was investigated with TGA

Ferromagnetic resonance spectra of linear magnetosome chains

• Elizaveta M. Gubanova and
• Nikolai A. Usov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 157–167, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.15

• surfaces of neighboring spherical particles is the sum of the thicknesses of the magnetosome shells 2Ten, where Ten = 4–6 nm is the characteristic thickness of the lipid magnetosome shell. The latter, apparently, weakly depends on the nanoparticle diameter. If this hypothesis is correct, then the average

In situ optical sub-wavelength thickness control of porous anodic aluminum oxide

• Aleksandrs Dutovs,
• Raimonds Popļausks,
• Oskars Putāns,
• Vladislavs Perkanuks,
• Aušrinė Jurkevičiūtė,
• Tomas Tamulevičius,
• Uldis Malinovskis,
• Iryna Olyshevets,
• Donats Erts and
• Juris Prikulis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 126–133, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.12

• can result in tens of nanometers PAAO thickness variation due to different anodization reaction rates on surfaces with different crystallographic orientation [20][23]. Additionally, it is known, that anodization of aluminum substrates with (100) surface orientation result in better pore ordering in

Study of the reusability and stability of nylon nanofibres as an antibody immobilisation surface

• Inés Peraile,
• Matilde Gil-García,
• Laura González-López,
• Nushin A. Dabbagh-Escalante,
• Juan C. Cabria-Ramos and
• Paloma Lorenzo-Lozano

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 83–94, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.8

• immobilisation surfaces in biosensors, it seems necessary to study those characteristics of the immobilisation surface that contribute to their lower cost. In this regard, this paper not only investigates the reuse of NFs, but also whether this immobilisation surface provides a longer life for an immunocapture