In vitro toxicity and bioimaging studies of gold nanorods formulations coated with biofunctional thiol-PEG molecules and Pluronic block copolymers

• Tianxun Gong,
• Douglas Goh,
• Malini Olivo and
• Ken-Tye Yong

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 546–553, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.64

• (Pen Strep) were purchased from Gibco®. The clean-mount solution for fixing a glass cover slip over 8-chamber slides was purchased from electron microscopy sciences. AuNRs synthesis and characterization: Synthesis of AuNRs was adapted from Nikhoobakt et al. [6]. As described in [27], 5 mL of 0.5 mM

• in water. Concentrations of the AuNRs solutions were fixed at an optical density of 1.5 for our studies. Cell culture and cell viability: As described in [27], oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) cell line was cultured in DMEM containing 10% FBS with Pen Strep. All cultures were kept at 37 °C with 5

Porous polymer coatings as substrates for the formation of high-fidelity micropatterns by quill-like pens

• Michael Hirtz,
• Marcus Lyon,
• Wenqian Feng,
• Andrea E. Holmes,
• Harald Fuchs and
• Pavel A. Levkin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 377–384, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.44

• Discussion Pattern generation The microarrays were fabricated by spotting the dye solution with quill-like microchannel cantilevers, called surface patterning tools (SPTs) [9], attached to a dip-pen nanolithography (DPN) platform (NLP 2000, NanoInk, USA) for precise control in x- y- and z-direction (Figure 1

• with SPT pens (SPT-S-C10S, Bioforce Nanosciences). The SPTs were freshly plasma cleaned by oxygen plasma (10 sccm O2, 100 mTorr, 30 W for 2 min) prior to use. The SPT was mounted onto the tip holder by double-sided sticky tape, and the pen reservoir was filled with 1 µL of dye solution. The spotting

Micro- and nanoscale electrical characterization of large-area graphene transferred to functional substrates

• Gabriele Fisichella,
• Salvatore Di Franco,
• Patrick Fiorenza,
• Raffaella Lo Nigro,
• Fabrizio Roccaforte,
• Cristina Tudisco,
• Guido G. Condorelli,
• Nicolò Piluso,
• Noemi Spartà,
• Stella Lo Verso,
• Corrado Accardi,
• Cristina Tringali,
• Sebastiano Ravesi and
• Filippo Giannazzo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 234–242, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.24

• properties of the graphene membrane. In this paper, we investigated the morphological and electrical properties of CVD graphene transferred onto SiO2 and on a polymeric substrate (poly(ethylene-2,6-naphthalene dicarboxylate), briefly PEN), suitable for microelectronics and flexible electronics applications

• contact resistance ρc ≈ 15 kΩ·μm have been measured for graphene transferred onto SiO2, about 2.3× higher Rsh and about 8× higher ρc values were obtained for graphene on PEN. High-resolution current mapping by torsion resonant conductive atomic force microscopy (TRCAFM) provided an insight into the

• nanoscale mechanisms responsible for the very high ρc in the case of graphene on PEN, showing a ca. 10× smaller “effective” area for current injection than in the case of graphene on SiO2. Keywords: conductive AFM; contact resistance; graphene; mobility; PEN; sheet resistance; SiO2; Introduction Graphene

Reversible mechano-electrochemical writing of metallic nanostructures with the tip of an atomic force microscope

• Christian Obermair,
• Marina Kress,
• Andreas Wagner and
• Thomas Schimmel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2012, 3, 824–830, doi:10.3762/bjnano.3.92

• , Germany 10.3762/bjnano.3.92 Abstract We recently introduced a method that allows the controlled deposition of nanoscale metallic patterns at defined locations using the tip of an atomic force microscope (AFM) as a “mechano-electrochemical pen”, locally activating a passivated substrate surface for site

• structures. We also discuss the implications of these results on the understanding of the deposition mechanism. Results and Discussion Reversible writing, deleting and re-writing Writing of metallic structures with the tip of an atomic force microscope as a “nano-electrochemical pen” was performed as

• electrochemically deposited nanostructures written with the AFM tip as a mechano-electrochemical pen, a copper structure was deposited following the procedure described above. To make the finding of the same structure after longer periods of time as well as its study with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) easier

Paper modified with ZnO nanorods – antimicrobial studies

• Mayuree Jaisai,
• Sunandan Baruah and
• Joydeep Dutta

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2012, 3, 684–691, doi:10.3762/bjnano.3.78

• diffraction pattern are indexed in the diffractogram. (a) Ink-jet printed text on untreated paper and (b) ink-jet printed text on paper coated with ZnO nanorods (20 mM / 20 h). (c) Text written with a ball-point pen on untreated paper and (d) text written with ball-point pen on paper coated with ZnO nanorods

Direct-write polymer nanolithography in ultra-high vacuum

• Woo-Kyung Lee,
• Minchul Yang,
• Arnaldo R. Laracuente,
• William P. King,
• Lloyd J. Whitman and
• Paul E. Sheehan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2012, 3, 52–56, doi:10.3762/bjnano.3.6

• create softer, heterogeneous structures – such as polymers – that would be contaminated or destroyed by the multiple requisite coating and removal steps associated with conventional “lift-off” lithography. To date, additive lithographies such as inkjet [2], dip-pen nanolithography (DPN) [3] and micro

• using solvents [9]. Unfortunately, inks and solvents that have sufficient intrinsic fluidity for DPN evaporate quickly in vacuum. This paper reports that thermal dip-pen nanolithography (tDPN) [10] can deposit polymer nanostructures from a heated AFM tip in a high vacuum environment (Figure 1b). In tDPN

• impact on the observed molecular film thickness. Conclusion In conclusion, we have developed a method for direct, additive deposition of polymer in UHV using thermal dip-pen nanolithography. The molecular structure of the written PDDT monolayer nanostructure films depends on the chemistry of the silicon

The atomic force microscope as a mechano–electrochemical pen

• Christian Obermair,
• Andreas Wagner and
• Thomas Schimmel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 659–664, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.70

• Karlsruhe, Germany 10.3762/bjnano.2.70 Abstract We demonstrate a method that allows the controlled writing of metallic patterns on the nanometer scale using the tip of an atomic force microscope (AFM) as a “mechano–electrochemical pen”. In contrast to previous experiments, no voltage is applied between the

• induced with the tip of an AFM [28]. Herein, we demonstrate that by combined passivation/depassivation of surfaces, complex metallic nanostructures can be selectively deposited by using the tip of an AFM as a mechano–electrochemical pen in the sense that it allows the local mechanical depassivation of a

• the once-passivated copper structures described above. Conclusion To conclude, we have reported the controlled and site-selective electrochemical deposition of metallic nanopatterns, which were induced with the tip of an atomic force microscope used as a “mechano–electrochemical pen”. The deposition

Fabrication of multi-parametric platforms based on nanocone arrays for determination of cellular response

• Lindarti Purwaningsih,
• Tobias Schoen,
• Tobias Wolfram,
• Claudia Pacholski and
• Joachim P. Spatz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 545–551, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.58

• lack of nanofabrication techniques to generate functional structures. Recent advances in nanofabrication techniques such as nanoimprint lithography (NIL) [9], nanosphere/colloidal lithography [10], dip pen lithography [11], e-beam lithography [12] have enabled and motivated biomaterial development