Bacteriorhodopsin–ZnO hybrid as a potential sensing element for low-temperature detection of ethanol vapour

• Saurav Kumar,
• Sudeshna Bagchi,
• Senthil Prasad,
• Anupma Sharma,
• Ritesh Kumar,
• Rishemjit Kaur,
• Jagvir Singh and
• Amol P. Bhondekar

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 501–510, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.44

• , nanomaterial–biomolecule hybrid gas sensors. Keywords: amphipol; bacteriorhodopsin; bio-hybrid; gas sensing; ITO; ZnO nanostructure; Introduction Nanomaterial–biomolecule conjugates have emerged into one of the most rapidly developing and sought after areas in modern biomolecular device fabrication and

• solution consisting of zinc nitrate and hexamine. This inverted growth scheme was preferred in order to avoid contamination effects due to sedimentation and to achieve a uniform growth pattern [35][36]. Further, the suspension of wild-type, photoactive bR was prepared with aqueous amphipol (A8-35) in a 1:5

• absorbance spectra of ZnO-TF, ZnO-NR, bR solution in amphipol (bR/A8-35, inset figure) and the hybrid nanostructures. The UV–vis spectra of ZnO-TF and ZnO-NR show absorption near the band edge in the exciton absorption region at 372 nm and 347 nm, respectively [41]. These band edge absorptions have a similar