Synthesis, characterization and in vitro effects of 7 nm alloyed silver–gold nanoparticles

• Simon Ristig,
• Svitlana Chernousova,
• Wolfgang Meyer-Zaika and
• Matthias Epple

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1212–1220, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.124

• is possible that a passivating effect from the alloyed gold is responsible for these observations. Future studies on the time-dependent dissolution of such alloyed nanoparticles in biological media may help to better understand this effect. Experimental Chemicals We used silver nitrate (Roth, p.a

Influence of gold, silver and gold–silver alloy nanoparticles on germ cell function and embryo development

• Ulrike Taylor,
• Daniela Tiedemann,
• Christoph Rehbock,
• Wilfried A. Kues,
• Stephan Barcikowski and
• Detlef Rath

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 651–664, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.66

• silver nanoparticles keep evolving in biological media [82]. It seems noteworthy, that the oocytes showed no response after exposure to alloy particles containing 50% of silver, while the same silver concentration (3.3 mg/mL−1) and less has frequently been reported to have reprotoxic effects [78][83][84

Tailoring the ligand shell for the control of cellular uptake and optical properties of nanocrystals

• Johannes Ostermann,
• Christian Schmidtke,
• Christopher Wolter,
• Jan-Philip Merkl,
• Hauke Kloust and
• Horst Weller

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 232–242, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.22

• have been described and analyzed concerning their behavior in biological media. Several excellent reviews of these methods can be found in the literature, very prominent and recent ones can be found in [2][3]. The here summarized phase transfer approach is based on amphiphilic diblock copolymers and

Functionalized polystyrene nanoparticles as a platform for studying bio–nano interactions

• Cornelia Loos,
• Tatiana Syrovets,
• Anna Musyanovych,
• Volker Mailänder,
• Katharina Landfester,
• G. Ulrich Nienhaus and
• Thomas Simmet

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2403–2412, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.250

• investigated. Due to their large surface to volume ratio, nanoparticles usually exhibit properties that differ from those of bulk materials. Particularly, the surface chemistry of the nanoparticles is crucial for their durability and solubility in biological media as well as for their biocompatibility and

• for industrial usage, fuel additives for catalysis, additives in sunscreens for UV protection, or in the textile industry. One of the most promising fields of nanotechnology is drug delivery and drug targeting. Hydrophobic drugs are poorly soluble in biological media, other drugs lack gastric acid

Interaction of dermatologically relevant nanoparticles with skin cells and skin

• Annika Vogt,
• Fiorenza Rancan,
• Sebastian Ahlberg,
• Berouz Nazemi,
• Chun Sik Choe,
• Maxim E. Darvin,
• Sabrina Hadam,
• Ulrike Blume-Peytavi,
• Kateryna Loza,
• Jörg Diendorf,
• Matthias Epple,
• Christina Graf,
• Eckart Rühl,
• Martina C. Meinke and
• Jürgen Lademann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2363–2373, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.245

• sensitive imaging and detection methods are required. Here, we present our studies on nanoparticle interactions with skin, skin cells, and biological media. Silica, titanium dioxide and silver particles were chosen as representative examples for different types of skin exposure to nanomaterials, e.g

• as a result of interactions with the skin microenvironment. In the following, we present results obtained from own studies on the interactions of skin, skin cells and biological media with silica, titanium dioxide and silver particles as representatives for nanomaterials of high relevance from the

• interactions between proteins in media may occur in a concentration-dependent manner and influence the particle–cell interactions, which is supported by our previous findings on the different aggregation behaviors of particles in biological media. Changes in the release of inflammatory cytokines and cell cycle

Inorganic Janus particles for biomedical applications

• Isabel Schick,
• Steffen Lorenz,
• Dominik Gehrig,
• Stefan Tenzer,
• Wiebke Storck,
• Karl Fischer,
• Dennis Strand,
• Frédéric Laquai and
• Wolfgang Tremel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2346–2362, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.244

• particles are diluted in biological media [102]. On the contrary, the encapsulation of isotropic nanoparticles in a silica shell was established, which is advantageous because of the extraordinary stability of silica and its well-known surface chemistry that allows further functionalization. Furthermore

PVP-coated, negatively charged silver nanoparticles: A multi-center study of their physicochemical characteristics, cell culture and in vivo experiments

• Sebastian Ahlberg,
• Alexandra Antonopulos,
• Jörg Diendorf,
• Ralf Dringen,
• Matthias Epple,
• Rebekka Flöck,
• Wolfgang Goedecke,
• Christina Graf,
• Nadine Haberl,
• Jens Helmlinger,
• Fabian Herzog,
• Frederike Heuer,
• Stephanie Hirn,
• Christian Johannes,
• Stefanie Kittler,
• Manfred Köller,
• Katrin Korn,
• Wolfgang G. Kreyling,
• Fritz Krombach,
• Jürgen Lademann,
• Kateryna Loza,
• Eva M. Luther,
• Marcelina Malissek,
• Martina C. Meinke,
• Daniel Nordmeyer,
• Anne Pailliart,
• Jörg Raabe,
• Fiorenza Rancan,
• Barbara Rothen-Rutishauser,
• Eckart Rühl,
• Carsten Schleh,
• Andreas Seibel,
• Christina Sengstock,
• Lennart Treuel,
• Annika Vogt,
• Katrin Weber and
• Reinhard Zellner

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1944–1965, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.205

• biological media (i.e., in the presence of proteins) the surface of silver nanoparticles is rapidly coated by a protein corona that influences their physicochemical and biological properties including cellular uptake. Silver nanoparticles are taken up by cell-type specific endocytosis pathways as

• in the absence of oxygen as shown by a very elegant experiment by Xiu et al. [34]. We extended our studies by the addition of a number of essential components of biological media, such as inorganic salts that can lead to the precipitation of sparingly soluble silver salts (AgCl and Ag3PO4), glucose

• complex biological media. Considering the available literature data (see [1][12][20][31][42][43]), it can be assumed that silver ions are complexed by biomolecules and that silver nanoparticles are passivated in the presence of sulfide, sulfur-containing components and chloride. This passivation slows

Carbon-based smart nanomaterials in biomedicine and neuroengineering

• Antonina M. Monaco and
• Michele Giugliano

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1849–1863, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.196

• from both metal and carbonaceous particles [33]. In addition, their surface functionalisation must be designed to enhance their solubility in biological media [34]. In particular, two functionalisation procedures for CNTs are explored in the literature: (i) the non-covalent approach [35][36] that

Precise quantification of silica and ceria nanoparticle uptake revealed by 3D fluorescence microscopy

• Adriano A. Torrano and
• Christoph Bräuchle

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1616–1624, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.173

• count nanoparticles are further increased by their tendency to agglomerate in biological media [40]. Our digital method was designed to circumvent the abovementioned restrictions of conventional light microscopy. It does not enable the absolute quantification of particles by overcoming the diffraction

Current state of laser synthesis of metal and alloy nanoparticles as ligand-free reference materials for nano-toxicological assays

• Christoph Rehbock,
• Jurij Jakobi,
• Lisa Gamrad,
• Selina van der Meer,
• Daniela Tiedemann,
• Ulrike Taylor,
• Wilfried Kues,
• Detlef Rath and
• Stephan Barcikowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1523–1541, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.165

• stability of ligand-free nanoparticles in saline biological media In order to apply totally ligand-free nanoparticle reference materials in toxicity assays in biological media their stability and aggregation tendencies in these environments need to be understood. This is of paramount importance as it was

• 15–20%, Ni 10–15% (unpublished work). Nanoparticles obtained from these ternary alloys could be stabilized in biological media and particle size distributions determined by TEM revealed a broad distribution of particle diameters (Figure 10A). Single particle EDX and EDX line scans of ten different

In vitro interaction of colloidal nanoparticles with mammalian cells: What have we learned thus far?

• Moritz Nazarenus,
• Qian Zhang,
• Mahmoud G. Soliman,
• Pablo del Pino,
• Beatriz Pelaz,
• Susana Carregal-Romero,
• Joanna Rejman,
• Barbara Rothen-Rutishauser,
• Martin J. D. Clift,
• Reinhard Zellner,
• G. Ulrich Nienhaus,
• James B. Delehanty,
• Igor L. Medintz and
• Wolfgang J. Parak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1477–1490, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.161

• surface coatings and other modifications [12], cf. Figure 2 [13]. Even a homogeneous NP formed out of only one material will turn effectively into a hybrid NP, when it is brought into contact with any biological system (e.g., biological media) because of an organic coating that will form on the surface of

Mimicking exposures to acute and lifetime concentrations of inhaled silver nanoparticles by two different in vitro approaches

• Fabian Herzog,
• Kateryna Loza,
• Sandor Balog,
• Martin J. D. Clift,
• Matthias Epple,
• Peter Gehr,
• Alke Petri-Fink and
• Barbara Rothen-Rutishauser

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1357–1370, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.149

• results suggest a higher cytotoxic potential for Ag ions compared to Ag NPs as well as a gradual release of Ag ions might interfere with the biological environment over time. However, the estimation of the dissolution of Ag NPs under release of Ag+ in complex biological media is challenging. This is due

• biological media, it was able to show that the dissolution in chloride-containing media is reduced, probably due to the formation of AgCl. In contrast, glucose has no significant effect. Cysteine as a sulphur-containing molecule can decelerate the dissolution process, possibly by blocking of the NP surface

• . Therefore, it can be assumed that the amount of free silver ions (i.e., neither precipitated nor complexed by proteins) from silver nanoparticles in biological media is small, in any case smaller than during dissolution in pure water [66]. Conclusion The exposure of Ag NPs at the air–liquid interface

Cytotoxic and proinflammatory effects of PVP-coated silver nanoparticles after intratracheal instillation in rats

• Nadine Haberl,
• Stephanie Hirn,
• Alexander Wenk,
• Jörg Diendorf,
• Matthias Epple,
• Blair D. Johnston,
• Fritz Krombach,
• Wolfgang G. Kreyling and
• Carsten Schleh

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 933–940, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.105

• that the dissolution behavior of AgNP in biological media would be different, as their studies were carried out in ultrapure water. In the present study we used 70 nm, PVP-coated AgNP. Since the dissolution rate is proportional to the specific surface area of NP [38] their dissolution rate is 3.5 times

Magnetic nanoparticles for biomedical NMR-based diagnostics

• Huilin Shao,
• Tae-Jong Yoon,
• Monty Liong,
• Ralph Weissleder and
• Hakho Lee

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2010, 1, 142–154, doi:10.3762/bjnano.1.17

• emerged as a novel method to label small molecules in complex biological media [50]. Most reported applications, however, rely on either the azide–alkyne cycloaddition, which requires a copper catalyst, or the strain-promoted azide–alkyne cycloaddition, which has relatively slow kinetics. Overcoming these