A top-down approach for fabricating three-dimensional closed hollow nanostructures with permeable thin metal walls

• Carlos Angulo Barrios and
• Víctor Canalejas-Tejero

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1231–1237, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.124

• as artificial cells [2], controlled transport and delivery of chemical agents (e.g., pharmaceutical drugs) [3], catalysis [4], lithium batteries [5] and confined reaction compartments (nanoreactors) [1]. Most fabrication methods of nanocages are based on bottom-up techniques, mainly colloidal and sol

• is typically required to create integrated systems based on multifunctional devices on a chip. For the latter purpose, top-down approaches based on fabrication methods used in the microelectronics industry are particularly well-suited because of the patterning design flexibility and controllability

Growth, structure and stability of sputter-deposited MoS₂ thin films

• Reinhard Kaindl,
• Bernhard C. Bayer,
• Roland Resel,
• Thomas Müller,
• Viera Skakalova,
• Gerlinde Habler,
• Rainer Abart,
• Alexey S. Cherevan,
• Dominik Eder,
• Maxime Blatter,
• Fabian Fischer,
• Jannik C. Meyer,
• Dmitry K. Polyushkin and
• Wolfgang Waldhauser

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1115–1126, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.113

• electrochemical processes such as the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) in electrochemical water splitting. For both types of applications, industrially scalable fabrication methods with good control over the MoS2 film properties are crucial. Here, we investigate scalable physical vapour deposition (PVD) of MoS2

Study of the correlation between sensing performance and surface morphology of inkjet-printed aqueous graphene-based chemiresistors for NO₂ detection

• F. Villani,
• C. Schiattarella,
• T. Polichetti,
• R. Di Capua,
• F. Loffredo,
• B. Alfano,
• M. L. Miglietta,
• E. Massera,
• L. Verdoliva and
• G. Di Francia

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1023–1031, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.103

• interfere with the response signal. All these peculiarities of graphene are widely attracting the interest of the scientific community involved in this research field, and much attention is devoted to the fabrication methods. Liquid phase exfoliation (LPE) [2] is a very promising fabrication technique among

Bio-inspired micro-to-nanoporous polymers with tunable stiffness

• Julia Syurik,
• Ruth Schwaiger,
• Prerna Sudera,
• Stephan Weyand,
• Siegbert Johnsen,
• Gabriele Wiegand and
• Hendrik Hölscher

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 906–914, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.92

• polymeric foams have a lower density than the respective monolithic bulk material and, thus, typically exhibit a reduced elastic modulus [14]. Microporous polymers have been under development since the 1960s [15][16]. The development of fabrication methods allowing for smaller pore sizes made the next

Synthesis of graphene–transition metal oxide hybrid nanoparticles and their application in various fields

• Arpita Jana,
• Elke Scheer and
• Sebastian Polarz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 688–714, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.74

Nano- and microstructured materials for in vitro studies of the physiology of vascular cells

• Alexandra M. Greiner,
• Adria Sales,
• Hao Chen,
• Sarah A. Biela,
• Dieter Kaufmann and
• Ralf Kemkemer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1620–1641, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.155

• potential interesting future studies. Keywords: fabrication methods; materials selection; nano- and micro-topography; vascular endothelial cells; vascular smooth muscle cells; Introduction Cells adhering to biomaterials are influenced by the surface topography, the surface chemistry and the mechanical

• techniques and the selection of materials for micro/nanostructured substrates as well as common geometries please refer to Table 1. 1.1 Fabrication methods In order to create tailored cell culture substrates with surface topographies established methods such as photolithography, electron- and focused-ion

• methods [55] process polymeric material and are also applied to fabricate cell culture substrates. However, the substrates resulting from these fabrication methods are in most cases (irregularly) porous, foam-like 3D structures rather than (symmetrical) surface-patterned substrates. 1.3 Nanofabrication

Dielectrophoresis of gold nanoparticles conjugated to DNA origami structures

• Anja Henning-Knechtel,
• Matthew Wiens,
• Mathias Lakatos,
• Andreas Heerwig,
• Frieder Ostermaier,
• Nora Haufe and
• Michael Mertig

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 948–956, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.87

• conventional top-down fabrication methods in nanotechnology. Their positioning onto specific locations of a microstructured substrate is an important task towards this aim. Here we study manipulation and positioning of pristine and of gold nanoparticle-conjugated tubular DNA origami structures using ac

• constructs constitute promising template structures to combine different organic and inorganic nanomaterials into tailored hybrid nanodevices, and hence, hold the potential to combine self-assembly of functional molecules with conventional fabrication methods in nanotechnology [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11]. To

Large-scale fabrication of achiral plasmonic metamaterials with giant chiroptical response

• Morten Slyngborg,
• Yao-Chung Tsao and
• Peter Fojan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 914–925, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.83

• technique while retaining control and order of the resulting arrays. This signifies a substantial improvement to standard fabrication methods such as focused ion beam and electron beam lithography concerning cost and production time. Furthermore, the use of a small chiral organic molecule and a protein has

Controlled graphene oxide assembly on silver nanocube monolayers for SERS detection: dependence on nanocube packing procedure

• Martina Banchelli,
• Bruno Tiribilli,
• Roberto Pini,
• Luigi Dei,
• Paolo Matteini and
• Gabriella Caminati

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 9–21, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.2

• revealed no long-range order within the assembly of nanoparticles when 2D array of 100 nm AgNP were assembled by direct adsorption of the NP onto modified surfaces. Adsorption of graphene oxide on AgNC arrays Different fabrication methods have been developed for SERS-active surfaces involving graphene

In situ SU-8 silver nanocomposites

• Søren V. Fischer,
• Basil Uthuppu and
• Mogens H. Jakobsen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1661–1665, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.168

• nanocomposites are therefore of great interest within micro- and nanofabrication [4][5][6]. The nanoparticles encased in a polymeric matrix should maintain their physical properties, while the nanocomposite can be structured by using standard fabrication methods allowing for the development of new optoelectronic

Using natural language processing techniques to inform research on nanotechnology

• Nastassja A. Lewinski and
• Bridget T. McInnes

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1439–1449, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.149

• included the Naval Research Laboratory (USA), Cavendish Laboratory (UK), and Hitachi Ltd (Japan). Nanomaterial/device characterization Not all ENMs or nanodevices and their respective synthesis or fabrication methods are patented. In addition, the information provided in a patent can be limited compared to

Thermal treatment of magnetite nanoparticles

• Beata Kalska-Szostko,
• Urszula Wykowska,
• Dariusz Satula and
• Per Nordblad

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1385–1396, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.143

• the fabrication methods determine, to some extent, the sensitivity of the nanoparticles to external factors. Keywords: high temperature corrosion; internal oxidation; IR spectroscopy; metal matrix composites; Mössbauer spectroscopy; X-ray diffraction; Introduction Nanostructured magnetite has become

Electrical properties of single CdTe nanowires

• Elena Matei,
• Camelia Florica,
• Andreea Costas,
• María Eugenia Toimil-Molares and
• Ionut Enculescu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 444–450, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.45

• a well-established method of plating conductive substrates with a specific metal or alloy. During the last decades, semiconductor electrodeposition became more and more attractive, as it may represent a viable alternative to more expensive fabrication methods [14][15][16]. CdTe electroplating is an

Inorganic Janus particles for biomedical applications

• Isabel Schick,
• Steffen Lorenz,
• Dominik Gehrig,
• Stefan Tenzer,
• Wiebke Storck,
• Karl Fischer,
• Dennis Strand,
• Frédéric Laquai and
• Wolfgang Tremel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2346–2362, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.244

• current fabrication methods do not allow the synthesis of Janus particle libraries for a systematic screening of the particle properties. Therefore, synthetic efforts must be made to develop reliable strategies for making Janus particles at large scale. Many Janus particles reported so far are fairly

Silicon and germanium nanocrystals: properties and characterization

• Ivana Capan,
• Alexandra Carvalho and
• José Coutinho

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1787–1794, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.189

• for thin film deposition. Together with thermal evaporation and pulsed laser deposition (PLD), they are all fabrication methods based on the production of sub-stoichiometric oxides, with thermal evaporation being the simplest among them. The NCs size, distribution and shape can be controlled by

Near-field photochemical and radiation-induced chemical fabrication of nanopatterns of a self-assembled silane monolayer

• Ulrich C. Fischer,
• Carsten Hentschel,
• Florian Fontein,
• Linda Stegemann,
• Christiane Hoeppener,
• Harald Fuchs and
• Stefanie Hoeppener

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1441–1449, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.156

• growth and mobility of cells on surfaces [14]. Top-down as well as bottom-up fabrication methods are applied in the field of chemical nanostructuring. Thus, chemical nanopatterns were formed by using different approaches, including electro-oxidative nanolithography [15], electron beam lithography [16

• exploited to test the resolution potential of the fabrication methods, other methods of bottom-up fabrication of the metal masks are desirable for this purpose. For the fabrication of metal masks as used here the block-copolymer micelle nanolithography [18], the silver decoration technique or other

Nanostructure sensitization of transition metal oxides for visible-light photocatalysis

• Hongjun Chen and
• Lianzhou Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 696–710, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.82

• their easy fabrication methods in addition to their unique properties carbon nanodots are a versatile material candidate for bioimaging, sensors, catalysis and photovoltaic devices [107][108][109][110]. There are also some reviews covering the synthetic methods, physical and chemical properties, and

Optimization of solution-processed oligothiophene:fullerene based organic solar cells by using solvent additives

• Gisela L. Schulz,
• Marta Urdanpilleta,
• Roland Fitzner,
• Eduard Brier,
• Elena Mena-Osteritz,
• Egon Reinold and
• Peter Bäuerle

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 680–689, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.77

• efficiency (3.0 vs 3.5%) for the two fabrication methods demonstrates the versatility of our DCV5T-Bu4 material in contrast to, e.g., a merocyanine dye reported in literature (2.9 vs 4.9%) [43] or squarine dye (2.7 vs 4.1%) [44]. Conclusion We have demonstrated that the acceptor-substituted quinquethiophene

Plasmonic nanostructures fabricated using nanosphere-lithography, soft-lithography and plasma etching

• Manuel R. Gonçalves,
• Taron Makaryan,
• Fabian Enderle,
• Stefan Wiedemann,
• Alfred Plettl,
• Othmar Marti and
• Paul Ziemann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 448–458, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.49

• resin cast of the pillars, coated with metal films, allows us to invert the structure and obtain arrays of triangular holes within the metal. Both fabrication methods illustrate the preparation of large arrays of nanocavities within metal films at low cost. Gold films of different thicknesses were

• sensitivity of these effects to the shape and size of the structures means that we require good reproducibility in the fabrication technique and good knowledge of the optical properties. However, some applications demand structures of extended size. Thus, the optimization of fabrication methods is intimately