Assessing phytotoxicity and tolerance levels of ZnO nanoparticles on Raphanus sativus: implications for widespread adoptions

• Pathirannahalage Sahan Samuditha,
• Nadeesh Madusanka Adassooriya and
• Nazeera Salim

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 115–125, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.11

• associated with elevated ZnO NP concentrations [18]. Hence, this has prompted research into phytotoxic effects of Zn on crops due to the large input of ZnO NPs to the soil from anthropogenic sources [15]. The previously published work on the effect of macronutrients (i.e., hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (HANPs

• work of Mr. N.H. Madanayake, NMA and NS on the impact of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles on Raphanus sativus seedling growth and plant metabolites has influenced the current study. The graphics of the graphical abstract were created using the software IbisPaintX and designed by Adobe Illustrator. This

Hydroxyapatite–bioglass nanocomposites: Structural, mechanical, and biological aspects

• Olga Shikimaka,
• Mihaela Bivol,
• Bogdan A. Sava,
• Marius Dumitru,
• Christu Tardei,
• Beatrice G. Sbarcea,
• Daria Grabco,
• Constantin Pyrtsac,
• Daria Topal,
• Andrian Prisacaru,
• Vitalie Cobzac and
• Viorel Nacu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1490–1504, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.123

• , Romania Nicolae Testemitanu State University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 165 Stefan cel Mare si Sfant ave., MD-2004, Chisinau, Republic of Moldova 10.3762/bjnano.13.123 Abstract This research work focuses on the fabrication and study of a series of nanocomposites consisting of two types of hydroxyapatite

• (HA), obtained by precipitate (HAP) and sol–gel (HAG) methods, and a boro-silico-phosphate bioglass. The microstructure and chemical, mechanical, and biological properties as functions of three factors, namely (i) the type of hydroxyapatite, (ii) glass content, and (iii) sintering temperature, were

• drawbacks. An ideal biomaterial to replace the bone tissue must integrate in the surrounding bone or soft tissue by stimulating osteoinduction and octeoconduction [1] at their interface in physiologic environment. Synthetic hydroxyapatite (HA), Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2, although being very similar to the mineral

Microneedle-based ocular drug delivery systems – recent advances and challenges

• Piotr Gadziński,
• Anna Froelich,
• Monika Wojtyłko,
• Antoni Białek,
• Julia Krysztofiak and
• Tomasz Osmałek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1167–1184, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.98

• ], calcium sulfate and gelatin [135], gelatin and hydroxyapatite [136], and PLGA microparticles combined with PLA [137] are available in the scientific literature. Taking into consideration the shape and geometry of microneedles, they can be categorized as pyramids, cones, arrowheads, cylinders, bullets

Biomimetic chitosan with biocomposite nanomaterials for bone tissue repair and regeneration

• Se-Kwon Kim,
• Sesha Subramanian Murugan,
• Pandurang Appana Dalavi,
• Sebanti Gupta,
• Sukumaran Anil,
• Gi Hun Seong and
• Jayachandran Venkatesan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1051–1067, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.92

• ]. Review Bone structure Bone is a hard tissue that contains different kinds of cells including osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts (Figure 1) [26]. The inorganic hydroxyapatite and organic type I collagen components are vital to bone tissue. The bone biomineralisation activities are formed by

• nanosized hydroxyapatite crystals with connective collagen fibrils [27]. The bone possesses a unique combination of strength and stiffness, and it has excellent compressive strength and tensile strength due to the attribution of deep nanostructures of inorganic and organic components. Human bones are

• carbon-based materials have been tested. Biomaterials for bone graft substitutes Hydroxyapatite and its composites have been widely utilized/studied biomaterials for bone tissue engineering [35][36]. Hydroxyapatite with several polymeric materials has been used to mimic the natural function of the bone

Stimuli-responsive polypeptide nanogels for trypsin inhibition

• Petr Šálek,
• Jana Dvořáková,
• Sviatoslav Hladysh,
• Diana Oleshchuk,
• Ewa Pavlova,
• Jan Kučka and
• Vladimír Proks

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 538–548, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.45

• increased with the decrease of initial concentration of the 125I-radiolabeled BSA. The inverse effect was found when loading BSA onto poly(acrylic acid) and hybrid hydroxyapatite nanoparticles with chitosan/polyacrylic acid nanogels, where the loading was predominantly influenced by electrostatic

Micro- and nanotechnology in biomedical engineering for cartilage tissue regeneration in osteoarthritis

• Zahra Nabizadeh,
• Mahmoud Nasrollahzadeh,
• Hamed Daemi,
• Mohamadreza Baghaban Eslaminejad,
• Ali Akbar Shabani,
• Mehdi Dadashpour,
• Majid Mirmohammadkhani and
• Davood Nasrabadi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 363–389, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.31

• alcohol) (PVA), nanoscale hydroxyapatite, and magnetic NPs (Fe2O3) has also shown that the incorporation of NPs enhances the mechanical properties of the scaffold and regulates the behavior of cells seeded in the nanocomposites [61]. A magnetic hydrogel-based nanocomposite can provide a promising scaffold

Engineered titania nanomaterials in advanced clinical applications

• Padmavati Sahare,
• Paulina Govea Alvarez,
• Juan Manual Sanchez Yanez,
• Gabriel Luna-Bárcenas,
• Samik Chakraborty,
• Sujay Paul and
• Miriam Estevez

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 201–218, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.15

• surface chemistry play a significant role in the interaction between proteins and cells and the material surface. It has also been shown that hydroxyapatite and calcium phosphate mimics the chemical composition of natural bone. Thus, with the use of these components in the coating, TiO2 implants have

• tissue, the material was covered with a nanoscale hydroxyapatite (nHA) coating and its efficacy was compared to the material without nHA coating. Interestingly, both materials showed antibacterial properties against Staphylococcus aureus, but the nHA-coated material was found to be more biocompatible [62

• contributes to hydroxyapatite (HA) formation and bone matrix mineralization [71]. Likewise, nanophase titania/poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) composites have been designed that showed greater osteoblast adhesion compared to plain PLGA [72]. In vivo tissue engineering (TE) holds tremendous potential in

A comprehensive review on electrospun nanohybrid membranes for wastewater treatment

• Senuri Kumarage,
• Imalka Munaweera and
• Nilwala Kottegoda

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 137–159, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.10

• fibers of a polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB)/hydroxyapatite (HAp) composite. 3.2 Solution parameters 3.2.1 Solution concentration. It has been observed that there is a direct proportionality between the solution concentration and aspect ratio and fiber diameter. Sadat-Shojai et al. reported that when the

The role of deep eutectic solvents and carrageenan in synthesizing biocompatible anisotropic metal nanoparticles

• Nabojit Das,
• Akash Kumar and
• Raja Gopal Rayavarapu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 924–938, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.69

• carrageenan gel retaining the antibacterial property [85]. A study based on an injectable composite of carrageenan and nanoscale hydroxyapatite as an injectable bone substitute showed good adhesion properties with no cytotoxicity in vitro, as shown in Figure 6 [116]. The nanocomposite also exhibited

• International Licence, http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. (A) A κ-carrageenan-stabilized hydroxyapatite rod-shaped nanocomposite. (B) Antibacterial study using E. coli, S. aureus, B. subtilis, P. aeruginosa showing the bactericidal properties of the nanocomposite. (C) The nanocomposite shows

• osteoblast cytotoxicity tests in cell lines (L02 and L929). Adapted from [116], J. I. González Ocampo et al., “Evaluation of cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity of an injectable bone substitute of carrageenan and nano hydroxyapatite”, J. Biomed. Mater. Res. A., with permission from John Wiley and Sons

The preparation temperature influences the physicochemical nature and activity of nanoceria

• Robert A. Yokel,
• Wendel Wohlleben,
• Johannes Georg Keller,
• Matthew L. Hancock,
• Jason M. Unrine,
• D. Allan Butterfield and
• Eric A. Grulke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 525–540, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.43

• , replacing the dialysate every 24 h. The product was extensively characterized. It was a citrate-coated 4.2 nm ceria [35]. Lanthanides (LN) resin (100 to 150 μm) was obtained from Eichrom Technologies LLC, Lisle, IL, 60532. Hydroxyapatite (Bio-Gel HTP, 10 to 90 μm) was obtained from Bio-Rad. Cerium was

• chromatography, containing di(2-ethylhexyl) orthophosphoric acid as the metal complexing group, and hydroxyapatite (HTP) were studied. Initial experiments were conducted to verify their ability and capacity to complex ionic cerium. LN resin (7.5, 40, or 75 mg) was added to duplicate 15 mL tubes containing 10 mL

A review on the green and sustainable synthesis of silver nanoparticles and one-dimensional silver nanostructures

• Sina Kaabipour and
• Shohreh Hemmati

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 102–136, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.9

• ] synthesized AgNPs using the hydrolytic sol–gel method at 400, 600, and 800 °C with particles with an average size of 20 nm and crystalline shape. The sol–gel technique can also be performed at lower temperatures as well. Jadalannagari et al. [143] synthesized silver-doped hydroxyapatite nanorods using the sol

Bio-imaging with the helium-ion microscope: A review

• Matthias Schmidt,
• James M. Byrne and
• Ilari J. Maasilta

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1–23, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.1

• the development of mammalian tooth enamel [67][71]. Tooth enamel consists of hydroxyapatite crystals, which form needle-shaped nanocrystals of several micrometres length with a diameter below 100 nm. HIM revealed insight into the complex interactions between the enamel-forming cells, matrix proteins

Cardiomyocyte uptake mechanism of a hydroxyapatite nanoparticle mediated gene delivery system

• Hiroaki Komuro,
• Masahiro Yamazoe,
• Kosuke Nozaki,
• Akiko Nagai and
• Tetsuo Sasano

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1685–1692, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.150

• sufficiently studied in cardiomyocytes. The aim of this study was to determine how hydroxyapatite (HAp) nanoparticles contribute to the delivery of plasmid DNA (pDNA) into cardiomyocytes. We fabricated HAp nanoparticles using the water-in-oil (W/O) emulsion method and used these nanoparticles as the delivery

• . Furthermore, this HL-1 cell uptake was generated in response to HAp stimulation. Thus, HAp is a positive regulator of macropinocytosis in HL-1 cells and a good system for gene delivery in cardiomyocytes. Keywords: cardiomyocyte; endocytosis; gene delivery system; hydroxyapatite nanoparticles

• advantages in using CaP for gene delivery, the transfection efficiency of CaP/DNA is relatively low according to various preparation parameters [10]. In particular, particle aggregation needs to be improved in order to reduce cellular uptake through the endocytic pathway. Hydroxyapatite (HAp, Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2

Facile biogenic fabrication of hydroxyapatite nanorods using cuttlefish bone and their bactericidal and biocompatibility study

• Satheeshkumar Balu,
• Manisha Vidyavathy Sundaradoss,
• Swetha Andra and
• Jaison Jeevanandam

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 285–295, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.21

• nontoxicity, worldwide availability and low production cost of cuttlefish bone products makes them an excellent calcium carbonate precursor for the fabrication of hydroxyapatite. In the present study, a novel oil-bath-mediated precipitation method was introduced for the synthesis of hydroxyapatite (Hap

• ; cuttlefish bone; hard tissue treatment; hydroxyapatite; nanorods; Introduction Generally, the hard tissue of humans and animals, such as bone and teeth, are composed of natural hydroxyapatite (Hap), which is a bioactive ceramic material with high calcium phosphate concentration whereby the material can

• and Materials standard F756-00. Generally, the addition of hydroxyapatite microcrystals with blood will lead to hemolysis via aggregation of erythrocytes and membrane damage induced by crystals [49]. Moreover, Wiessner et al. (1988) showed that the crystallinity of the Hap plays a crucial role in

Small protein sequences can induce cellular uptake of complex nanohybrids

• Jan-Philip Merkl,
• Malak Safi,
• Christian Schmidtke,
• Fadi Aldeek,
• Johannes Ostermann,
• Tatiana Domitrovic,
• Sebastian Gärtner,
• John E. Johnson,
• Horst Weller and
• Hedi Mattoussi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2477–2482, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.238

• have also been discussed [12][14][15]. More recently, there have been a few reports discussing the use of luminescent Eu-loaded hydroxyapatite nanocrystals for rapid HeLa cancer cell imaging [9][11][16], or the nanostructure self‐assembly driven by amino acid coordination to increase the biological

Biocompatible organic–inorganic hybrid materials based on nucleobases and titanium developed by molecular layer deposition

• Leva Momtazi,
• Henrik H. Sønsteby and
• Ola Nilsen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 399–411, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.39

• applications [19]. Such biocompatible surfaces have not been widely adapted within use of ALD, although recent attempts have been reported for deposition of biocompatible hydroxyapatite thin films [20] and hydrophilic ALD-deposited alumina thin films [21], in addition to our prior work on titaminates [22], and

One-step nonhydrolytic sol–gel synthesis of mesoporous TiO₂ phosphonate hybrid materials

• Yanhui Wang,
• P. Hubert Mutin and
• Johan G. Alauzun

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 356–362, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.35

• transients were recorded. The 31P chemical shift was determined using an external reference, hydroxyapatite Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2, at 2.8 ppm (with respect to H3PO4, 85 wt % in water). 31P CP magic angle spinning solid-state NMR spectra of the hybrid materials produced by the reaction of octylphosphonate, Ti(OiPr

Thermal control of the defunctionalization of supported Au₂₅(glutathione)₁₈ catalysts for benzyl alcohol oxidation

• Zahraa Shahin,
• Hyewon Ji,
• Rodica Chiriac,
• Nadine Essayem,
• Franck Rataboul and
• Aude Demessence

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 228–237, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.21

• of gold-based materials [27][28][29][30][31]. In the literature, different gold thiolate clusters grafted on different supports were used to selectively oxidize benzyl alcohol. Thus, Au25(6-mercaptohexanoic)acid18@HAP (HAP – hydroxyapatite) was defunctionalized either by using tert-butyl

Targeting strategies for improving the efficacy of nanomedicine in oncology

• Gonzalo Villaverde and
• Alejandro Baeza

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 168–181, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.16

• (BP) group at the end. BP acts as tissular targeting motif, due to its high affinity for the exposed mineral part of bones (hydroxyapatite). An RGD sequence conjugated with a peptide sequence cleavable by the action of cathepsin-K (CK) was incorporated within the hybrid chain. CK is a proteolytic

Characterization and influence of hydroxyapatite nanopowders on living cells

• Przemyslaw Oberbek,
• Tomasz Bolek,
• Adrian Chlanda,
• Seishiro Hirano,
• Sylwia Kusnieruk,
• Julia Rogowska-Tylman,
• Ganna Nechyporenko,
• Viktor Zinchenko,
• Wojciech Swieszkowski and
• Tomasz Puzyn

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 3079–3094, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.286

• Nanomaterials, such as hydroxyapatite nanoparticles show a great promise for medical applications due to their unique properties at the nanoscale. However, there are concerns about the safety of using these materials in biological environments. Despite a great number of published studies of nanoobjects and

• manufacturing methods, are yet another problem to be taken into consideration. The aim of this work was to investigate the correlation between the properties of nanoscale hydroxyapatite from different synthesis methods and biological activity represented by the viability of four cell lines: A549, CHO, BEAS-2B

• and J774.1 to assess the influence of the nanoparticles on immune, reproductive and respiratory systems. Keywords: nanomaterials safety; biomaterials; tissue engineering; microscopic characterization; cytotoxicity; hydroxyapatite; Introduction Engineered nanomaterials have found applications in many

Hybrid Au@alendronate nanoparticles as dual chemo-photothermal agent for combined cancer treatment

• Anouchka Plan Sangnier,
• Romain Aufaure,
• Laurence Motte,
• Claire Wilhelm,
• Erwann Guenin and
• Yoann Lalatonne

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2947–2952, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.273

• phosphonate groups. The BP affinity for calcium is improved by adding a hydroxy (–OH) group, for instance in HMBP (hydroxylmethylene bisphosphonate), allowing for a tridentate coordination to Ca2+ ions (Supporting Information File 1, Figure S4) and leading to a high affinity to bone (hydroxyapatite (Ca10(PO4

Enhanced antineoplastic/therapeutic efficacy using 5-fluorouracil-loaded calcium phosphate nanoparticles

• Shanid Mohiyuddin,
• Saba Naqvi and
• Gopinath Packirisamy

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2499–2515, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.233

•  2D. X-ray diffraction pattern X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis was performed to assess the crystallinity of both CaP@5-FU NPs and CaP NPs, as shown in Figure 3B and Figure 3A, respectively. A diffraction pattern with a 2θ value of 31.8 (d value 2.804) confirms the hydroxyapatite (HAP) formation [33

• were prepared by a reverse micelle microemulsion method. The highly monodisperse nanoparticles were synthesized and subsequently validated by the presence of phosphate ester bonds in FTIR analysis and again the presence of the hydroxyapatite peak in the XRD analysis confirmed their successful formation

Nanocellulose: Recent advances and its prospects in environmental remediation

• Katrina Pui Yee Shak,
• Yean Ling Pang and
• Shee Keat Mah

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2479–2498, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.232

• nanocellulose for example, is desired due to their good performance in the removal of organic pollutants. Hokkanen et al. [88] reported that calcium hydroxyapatite-microfibrillated cellulose adsorbent was effective for the removal of chromium (Cr(VI)) from aqueous solution. They found that calcium

• hydroxyapatite nanostructures can interact with cellulose structures effectively, resulting in the enhancement of nanocomposites properties due to their strong hydrogen bond, divalent character, and relatively small ionic radius. Anirudhan et al. [92] chemically modified a composite polymer to produce a poly

Review on nanoparticles and nanostructured materials: history, sources, toxicity and regulations

• Jaison Jeevanandam,
• Ahmed Barhoum,
• Yen S. Chan,
• Alain Dufresne and
• Michael K. Danquah

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1050–1074, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.98

• , proteins, antibodies and DNA. A list of nanostructures that exist in the human body is presented in Table 1. Even some works categorize bone as a nanomaterial comprised of hierarchical inorganic nano-hydroxyapatite and organic collagen [243]. Additionally, micro-organisms such as viruses and bacteria are

Bi-layer sandwich film for antibacterial catheters

• Gerhard Franz,
• Florian Schamberger,
• Hamideh Heidari Zare,
• Sara Felicitas Bröskamp and
• Dieter Jocham

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1982–2001, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.199

• ammonia, thereby enlarging the pH value. In turn, the formation of inorganic deposits (mainly hydroxyapatite, calcium oxalate and struvite) is promoted [5]. In ureteral stents with their maximum lumen of 1 mm, these deposits can completely block the drainage [6]. In both systems, the initial colonization