Phase inversion-based nanoemulsions of medium chain triglyceride as potential drug delivery system for parenteral applications

• Eike Folker Busmann,
• Dailén García Martínez,
• Henrike Lucas and
• Karsten Mäder

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 213–224, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.16

• Kolliphor HS 15. The experimental results indicate, that nanoemulsions with particles of small and tunable size can be easily formed without homogenization by thermal cycling. Keywords: cellular toxicity; isotonicity; nanoemulsion; phase inversion; solvent free; surface properties; Introduction Nanoscaled

• products with significant hyperosmolality up to 2000 mOsmol/kg [13]. However, parenteral products should aim at isotonicity to reduce the risk of possible crenation (shriveling) or hemolysis of the red blood cells as well as significant pain at the site of injection or even phlebitis [13][14]. Therefore, a

• and −4.6 mV, measured in 0.1× PBS at physiological pH 7.4. Thus, the composition of the nanoemulsion had no clear influence on the surface charge. Furthermore, isotonicity was nearly achieved for the formulations in the blue zone of Figure 4d. Formulations shown in the green, yellow and red zones