Molecular nanoarchitectonics: unification of nanotechnology and molecular/materials science

• Katsuhiko Ariga

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 434–453, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.35

• on-surface synthetic nanoarchitectonics. Coronoids are compounds possessing both polycyclic aromatic macrocycles and defined cavities. Because of their unique electronic structures, they receive much attention. The electronic properties of these nanoporous graphene-like compounds are modified through

Templating effect of single-layer graphene supported by an insulating substrate on the molecular orientation of lead phthalocyanine

• K. Priya Madhuri,
• Abhay A. Sagade,
• Pralay K. Santra and
• Neena S. John

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 814–820, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.66

• the highly delocalized macrocycles. The competing interfacial van der Waals forces and molecule–molecule interactions lead to the formation of a small fraction of triclinic moieties. The nanoscale electrical characterization of the thin PbPc layer on graphene by means of conducting atomic force

• Waals interactions. For multilayer depositions, ordered π stacking of the macrocycles with Pb-up configuration is expected due to the dominant π–π interactions between the Pc macrocycle and the graphene layer [9][26]. In the present study, although there is a graphene layer, triclinic moieties with edge

• configurations. The presence of monoclinic fractions in a preferred face-on orientation is ascribed to the π–π interactions between the sp2-hybridized plane of graphene and the macrocycles of PbPc. However, the presence of SiO2 surface beneath graphene, which exerts interfacial van der Waals interactions and

Nanoparticles based on the zwitterionic pillar[5]arene and Ag⁺: synthesis, self-assembly and cytotoxicity in the human lung cancer cell line A549

• Dmitriy N. Shurpik,
• Denis A. Sevastyanov,
• Pavel V. Zelenikhin,
• Pavel L. Padnya,
• Vladimir G. Evtugyn,
• Yuriy N. Osin and
• Ivan I. Stoikov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 421–431, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.33

• NMR spectroscopy, two-dimensional 1H,1H-NOESY NMR spectroscopy, IR spectroscopy, MALDI–TOF mass-spectrometry and elemental analysis. Association of decasubstituted pillar[5]arenes with Ag+ In addition, the self-association of the obtained macrocycles 2–4 and their aggregation with AgNO3 in water was

• studied (Figure 1). The study of self-association of macrocycles 2–4 was carried out in water using the dynamic light scattering (DLS) method. It turned out that the decaamine 2, due to its poor solubility in water, does not form any self-associates across the entire range of concentrations studied (10−3

• –10−5 M). However, the introduction of ten sulfobetaine fragments in the case of compounds 3 and 4 contributes to the solubility of pillar[5]arenes in water. It was shown that macrocycles 3 and 4 do not form stable self-associates in the studied concentration range (10−3–10−5 M) in water. The next

Charged particle single nanometre manufacturing

• Philip D. Prewett,
• Cornelis W. Hagen,
• Claudia Lenk,
• Steve Lenk,
• Marcus Kaestner,
• Tzvetan Ivanov,
• Ahmad Ahmad,
• Ivo W. Rangelow,
• Xiaoqing Shi,
• Stuart A. Boden,
• Alex P. G. Robinson,
• Dongxu Yang,
• Sangeetha Hari,
• Marijke Scotuzzi and
• Ejaz Huq

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2855–2882, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.266

Nanoconjugates of a calixresorcinarene derivative with methoxy poly(ethylene glycol) fragments for drug encapsulation

• Alina M. Ermakova,
• Julia E. Morozova,
• Yana V. Shalaeva,
• Victor V. Syakaev,
• Aidar T. Gubaidullin,
• Alexandra D. Voloshina,
• Vladimir V. Zobov,
• Irek R. Nizameev,
• Olga B. Bazanova,
• Igor S. Antipin and
• Alexander I. Konovalov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2057–2070, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.195

• near the hydrophobic core, whereas the shell, which is composed of hydrophilic groups, ensures the stability of the system in solution. Examples for these amphiphilic compounds are surfactants [1], liposomes [2], polymers [3], and synthetic macrocycles [4]. Calixarenes and calixresorcinarenes are

• outstanding class of synthetic macrocycles. With regard to supramolecular containers for drug encapsulation they offer a convenient platform that allows for the functionalization of upper and lower rim by different groups, offers an aromatic cavity capable to π–π, CH–π and cation–π interactions and can form

• the macrocycle. This, in turn, leads to a micelle-like self-association of the macrocycles, the upper rim of which are functionalized by hydrophilic substituents. Thus, the self-organised structures of amphiphilic calixresorcinarenes can effectively encapsulate organic substrates trough the formation

Heterostuctures of 4-(chloromethyl)phenyltrichlorosilane and 5,10,15,20-tetra(4-pyridyl)-21H,23H-porphine prepared on Si(111) using particle lithography: Nanoscale characterization of the main steps of nanopatterning

• Phillip C. Chambers and
• Jayne C. Garno

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1211–1219, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.112

• through the addition of H2TPyP. The increases in the height of nanostructures are attributable in part to coplanar interactions between porphyrin macrocycles leading to π–π stacking, as well as by a vertical orientation of the molecules attached to the topmost areas of CMPS nanodots. A possible model of

• benzene rings of CMPS and the porphyrin macrocycles. Conclusion Particle lithography was successfully applied to generate nanopatterns to determine the surface placement of porphyrin-CMPS heterostructures. Nanoholes were used to spatially direct the fabrication of complex nanostructures on Si(111) using

Self-assembly of chiral fluorescent nanoparticles based on water-soluble L-tryptophan derivatives of p-tert-butylthiacalix[4]arene

• Pavel L. Padnya,
• Irina A. Khripunova,
• Olga A. Mostovaya,
• Timur A. Mukhametzyanov,
• Vladimir G. Evtugyn,
• Vyacheslav V. Vorobev,
• Yuri N. Osin and
• Ivan I. Stoikov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1825–1835, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.184

• positively charged ammonium groups into the structure of macrocycles. In this paper, an approach to obtain the water-soluble fluorescent chiral nanoparticles based on derivatives of tetra-substituted p-tert-butylthiacalix[4]arene containing L-tryptophan fragments at the lower rim in cone and 1,3-alternate

• -butylthiacalix[4]arene with the subsequent interaction of the resulting amine with various alkylating reagents by the Menshutkin reaction. In order to obtain quaternary ammonium salts, the macrocycles 4–7, containing both secondary amide and tertiary amino groups at the lower rim in cone and 1,3-alternate

• self-associates not only due to hydrogen bonds, but also due to π–π-stacking and the hydrophobic effects of the chiral amino acid with aromatic fragments [40]. The presence of amide fragments in the structure of the resulting macrocycles also contributes to the formation of aggregates via self

Light-powered, artificial molecular pumps: a minimalistic approach

• Giulio Ragazzon,
• Massimo Baroncini,
• Serena Silvi,
• Margherita Venturi and
• Alberto Credi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2096–2104, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.214

• -A (kcis-A = 3.9 × 10−2 M−1 s−1, ΔEcis-A = 19.0 kcal mol−1) units was maintained, in agreement with the fact that the cavities of macrocycles 2 and 3 have an identical size [22]. Hence, in the new generation system, photoisomerization controls both the height of the kinetic barrier and the stability

Nano-rings with a handle – Synthesis of substituted cycloparaphenylenes

• Anne-Florence Tran-Van and
• Hermann A. Wegner

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1320–1333, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.145

• protected diyne 11 via Sonogashira reaction and subsequent deprotection. Macrocyclization of 12 under Sonogashira reaction conditions provided the macrocyclic dimer 13. The [2 + 2 + 2] cycloaddition was then performed on the macrocyclic precursor yielding variously substituted macrocycles in 46–52% yield

• hand they performed the dimerization by coupling two macrocycles to an arene unit, either 1,4-benzene boronic ester (66%) or 1,5-naphtalene boronic ester (49%). The dimeric macrocycles were then aromatized under reductive conditions to obtain the corresponding CPP dimers 50 in 75% and 48% yield for the

Optical properties of fully conjugated cyclo[n]thiophenes – An experimental and theoretical approach

• Elena Mena-Osteritz,
• Fan Zhang,
• Günther Götz,
• Peter Reineker and
• Peter Bäuerle

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 720–726, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.78

• based on a Frenkel exciton Hamiltonian. Furthermore, intriguing new bands in the absorption and fluorescence spectra of the smaller macrocycles disclose the dominance of their ring strain. Keywords: conjugated macrocycles; Frenkel exciton model; oligothiophene; photophysical properties; Introduction

• from terminally ethynylated terthiophenes, in only low yields and quantities, which is a general observation for the statistical synthesis of macrocycles [24][25][26]. Somewhat later, we developed a novel method using the same ethynylated oligothiophenes and Pt(II)-precursors as templates leading to

• stable coordinatively bound metallomacrocycles, which were transformed to the corresponding diacetylene-bridged macrocycles by elimination of the metal centers and simultaneous C–C bond formation. In a final step, the diacetylene units were subsequently transformed to thiophene units forming the final

STM visualisation of counterions and the effect of charges on self-assembled monolayers of macrocycles

• Tibor Kudernac,
• Natalia Shabelina,
• Wael Mamdouh,
• Sigurd Höger and
• Steven De Feyter

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 674–680, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.72

• localisation of counterions within self-assembled monolayers can be achieved with scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM). The presence of charges on the studied shape-persistent macrocycles is shown to have a profound effect on the self-assembly process at the liquid–solid interface. Furthermore, preferential

• adsorption was observed for the uncharged analogue of the macrocycle on a surface. Keywords: counterions; liquid–solid interface; macrocycles; scanning tunnelling microscopy; self-assembly; Introduction Ordered monolayers formed by the self-assembly of molecular building blocks on solid surfaces have

• that the counterions of macrocycle 2 can be directly visualised by STM and that molecular packing is modified when the constitution of a monolayer is changed from uncharged to charged macrocycles. In macrocycle 2, two identical positively charged centres are located on the nitrogen atoms, precisely on