pH-Triggered release from surface-modified poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles

• Manuel Häuser,
• Klaus Langer and
• Monika Schönhoff

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2504–2512, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.260

• ultrathin polyelectrolyte multilayers (PEM) with well adjustable properties and architecture. Layer build-up is based on alternating adsorption of cationic and anionic compounds, such as polyelectrolytes [15], proteins [16], nucleic acids [17][18], dyes [19], and even colloids [14] onto the surface of

Natural and artificial binders of polyriboadenylic acid and their effect on RNA structure

• Giovanni N. Roviello,
• Domenica Musumeci,
• Valentina Roviello,
• Marina Pirtskhalava,
• Alexander Egoyan and
• Merab Mirtskhulava

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1338–1347, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.138

• ribosomal subunit (Figure 1) [11]. Regarding the poly(rA) tail length, it is influenced by the deposition onto mRNAs of nucleophosmin [12], a multifunctional protein able to recognize G-quadruplex-forming nucleic acids [13], whose overexpression is associated with poor prognosis in ovarian cancer [14

• alkaloid does not seem to favour the binding with poly(rA). Neomycin The natural aminoglucoside antibiotic neomycin (Figure 5), whose ability to interact with various structures of nucleic acids is well known, was proven to bind single-stranded poly(rA) in slightly acidic conditions with an affinity of

• about 106 M−1. The binding activity of neomycin towards nucleic acids is attributed to its cationic nature due to the amino groups protonation at pH less than 7. Purine derivatives In the work of Davies [17] the poly(rA) recognition by different heteroaromatic compounds (Figure 6) was studied by means

Hollow plasmonic antennas for broadband SERS spectroscopy

• Gabriele C. Messina,
• Mario Malerba,
• Pierfrancesco Zilio,
• Ermanno Miele,
• Michele Dipalo,
• Lorenzo Ferrara and
• Francesco De Angelis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 492–498, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.50

• complex and multifaceted system that includes many types of proteins, lipids, nucleic acids and various other components. With the final aim of studying these components in detail, we have developed multiband plasmonic antennas, which are suitable for highly sensitive surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy

Mammalian cell growth on gold nanoparticle-decorated substrates is influenced by the nanoparticle coating

• Christina Rosman,
• Sebastien Pierrat,
• Marco Tarantola,
• David Schneider,
• Eva Sunnick,
• Andreas Janshoff and
• Carsten Sönnichsen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2479–2488, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.257

• cytotoxic [11] causing complexation of nucleic acids as well as protein/polysaccharide aggregation. These cytotoxic effects of CTAB clearly emerge in the proliferation, since after three days of incubation, nearly all cells stopped spreading while about 40% of the starting cells remained adherent. Here

Biopolymer colloids for controlling and templating inorganic synthesis

• Laura C. Preiss,
• Katharina Landfester and
• Rafael Muñoz-Espí

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2129–2138, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.222

• biomineralization, biogenic macromolecules are not only present in the crystallization medium, but play a crucial role in the mineral formation. Biomacromolecules, (e.g., polysaccharides, proteins, and nucleic acids) can have thereby two main functions: (i) a controlling effect on nucleation and growth of the

• prepared through a polypeptide-templated synthesis by using the interactions of a polypeptide of L-lysine with silicate [35]. Conclusion The application of biopolymers (polysaccharides, peptides, and nucleic acids) as controlling agents or as templates of inorganic precipitation and crystallization is not

• which biocompatibility or biodegradability are an issue, such as biomedical applications. In addition, biopolymers may be also good model systems. In this sense, for instance, peptides or nucleic acids of defined length and structure can be very convenient models for studying polyelectrolyte systems

Effect of channel length on the electrical response of carbon nanotube field-effect transistors to deoxyribonucleic acid hybridization

• Hari Krishna Salila Vijayalal Mohan,
• Jianing An,
• Yani Zhang,
• Chee How Wong and
• Lianxi Zheng

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2081–2091, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.217

• variation trend in response to the newly defined parameters. Keywords: biosensor; carbon nanotubes; channel length; field-effect transistor; hybridization; mobility; nucleic acid; Introduction Detection of nucleic acids such as deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) or ribonucleic acid (RNA) is an important issue in

• the field of biomedical and life science research [1][2]. Currently, the detection methods for nucleic acids include northern blotting analysis [3], in situ hybridization [4], real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) [5] and microarrays [6]. These detection methods suffer

• chemical stability favors the use of various functionalization schemes to improve the specificity and selectivity during sensing [14][15]. For instance, SWCNTs used in a field-effect transistor (FET) configuration are capable of electronically detecting nucleic acids because of their ability to respond to

Carbon-based smart nanomaterials in biomedicine and neuroengineering

• Antonina M. Monaco and
• Michele Giugliano

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1849–1863, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.196

• consists of coating CNTs with surfactants, peptides, polymers, or nucleic acids, which preserve their aromatic structure, and (ii) the covalent approach [37][38][39], by means of applying several protocols, such as oxidation in strong acids, fluorination [40], and Bingel [41] and Billups [42] reactions

Influence of surface-modified maghemite nanoparticles on in vitro survival of human stem cells

• Michal Babič,
• Daniel Horák,
• Lyubov L. Lukash,
• Tetiana A. Ruban,
• Yurii N. Kolomiets,
• Svitlana P. Shpylova and
• Oksana A. Grypych

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1732–1737, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.183

• stealth particles with reduced opsonization in biological fluids. These properties can be exploited in magnetic resonance imaging and tracking of iron oxide-labeled cells, for the magnetic separation of cells, nucleic acids and proteins and in medicine for treatments by using targeted drug delivery

In vitro interaction of colloidal nanoparticles with mammalian cells: What have we learned thus far?

• Moritz Nazarenus,
• Qian Zhang,
• Mahmoud G. Soliman,
• Pablo del Pino,
• Beatriz Pelaz,
• Susana Carregal-Romero,
• Joanna Rejman,
• Barbara Rothen-Rutishauser,
• Martin J. D. Clift,
• Reinhard Zellner,
• G. Ulrich Nienhaus,
• James B. Delehanty,
• Igor L. Medintz and
• Wolfgang J. Parak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1477–1490, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.161

• case of positively charged NPs adsorb to the NPs. As a consequence of counter ion adsorption the local ion concentration around the NPs surface is different from the bulk [54][87][106][107]. ii) Also nucleic acids, such as mRNA or siRNA, which are negatively charged due to their phosphate groups attach

The protein corona protects against size- and dose-dependent toxicity of amorphous silica nanoparticles

• Dominic Docter,
• Christoph Bantz,
• Dana Westmeier,
• Hajo J. Galla,
• Qiangbin Wang,
• James C. Kirkpatrick,
• Peter Nielsen,
• Michael Maskos and
• Roland H. Stauber

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1380–1392, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.151

• membrane of living cells, and only enters cells with damaged membranes. Here, it undergoes a 40 fold enhancement of fluorescence upon binding to nucleic acids, thereby producing a bright red fluorescence characteristic for dead cells. As shown in Figure 4, employing our assay as an additional independent

Molecular biology approaches in bioadhesion research

• Marcelo Rodrigues,
• Birgit Lengerer,
• Thomas Ostermann and
• Peter Ladurner

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 983–993, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.112

• to detect various types of nucleic acids [34][35][36][37]. In this review we will focus on the visualization of specific transcript expression in the form of mRNA in whole mount specimen and tissue sections. ISH provides a powerful tool to map candidate transcripts from a transcriptome dataset to a

FTIR nanobiosensors for Escherichia coli detection

• Stefania Mura,
• Gianfranco Greppi,
• Maria Laura Marongiu,
• Pier Paolo Roggero,
• Sandeep P. Ravindranath,
• Lisa J. Mauer,
• Nicoletta Schibeci,
• Francesco Perria,
• Massimo Piccinini,
• Plinio Innocenzi and
• Joseph Irudayaraj

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2012, 3, 485–492, doi:10.3762/bjnano.3.55

• –800 cm−1 (signals of nucleic acids of the bacterium), which unfortunately in this region overlapped with the spectrum of the Ab and of the functionalized titania. The peaks in the 1630–1697 cm−1 region are due to amide I bands of the proteins in the cell and to their secondary structure. In the region

• 1402–1457 cm−1, bands due to carbohydrates, glycoproteins, lipids and their characteristic C–O–H in-plane bending peaks and C(CH3)2 symmetric stretching were present. Finally, in the range 900–1100 cm−1, peaks due to the DNA/RNA backbone and phosphate groups of nucleic acids due to the symmetric and

Glassy carbon electrodes modified with multiwalled carbon nanotubes for the determination of ascorbic acid by square-wave voltammetry

• Sushil Kumar and
• Victoria Vicente-Beckett

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2012, 3, 388–396, doi:10.3762/bjnano.3.45

• in the presence of AA [17]. Jacobs et al. [19] reviewed the use of MWCNTs to obtain enhanced signals in the detection of substances such as carbohydrates, nucleic acids, glucose, pesticides, and serotonin, with similar reports relating to trace metals [20] and nitroaromatic compounds [21]. This study

Towards multiple readout application of plasmonic arrays

• Dana Cialla,
• Karina Weber,
• René Böhme,
• Uwe Hübner,
• Henrik Schneidewind,
• Matthias Zeisberger,
• Roland Mattheis,
• Robert Möller and
• Jürgen Popp

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 501–508, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.54

• investigations on a single-molecule level [1]. Fluorescence in bioanalytics is mostly used for tracking intrinsic fluorophors (autofluorescence) or special fluorescence labels, which selectively bind to special cellular functional groups, such as proteins or nucleic acids [2][3]. However, the broad emission