Soft materials nanoarchitectonics: liquid crystals, polymers, gels, biomaterials, and others

• Katsuhiko Ariga

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1025–1067, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.77

• compounds, including oligoacenes and oligothiophenes, exhibit excellent carrier transport properties in the aggregated state, rendering them promising candidates for use as organic semiconductors. It can be posited that liquid crystal compounds incorporating extended π-conjugated cores may be considered as

Nano-rings with a handle – Synthesis of substituted cycloparaphenylenes

• Anne-Florence Tran-Van and
• Hermann A. Wegner

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1320–1333, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.145

• ][35][36][37][38]. Yamago [39][40][41][42] relied on a square-shaped tetranuclear platinum complex originally developed by Bäuerle [43] for the synthesis of macrocylic oligothiophenes. In all these methods a macrocyclic precursor is reaching full conjugation in the last step of the synthesis. The

Optimization of solution-processed oligothiophene:fullerene based organic solar cells by using solvent additives

• Gisela L. Schulz,
• Marta Urdanpilleta,
• Roland Fitzner,
• Eduard Brier,
• Elena Mena-Osteritz,
• Egon Reinold and
• Peter Bäuerle

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 680–689, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.77

• to batch to batch variations of the synthetic organic materials, such as in the case of polymers, are of less significance. On the other hand, the preparation of structurally defined oligomers sometimes requires costly multi-step syntheses. Diketopyrrolopyrroles [4], oligothiophenes [5], merocyanines

• ]. Among these prominent classes of compounds, in particular oligothiophenes end-capped with electron-withdrawing cyano groups proved to have excellent performance in BHJSCs. Oligothiophenes of various lengths (from 3 to 7 thiophene units), which contain various alkyl side chains (methyl to octyl) with

• efficient electron transfer at the donor–acceptor interface in the photoactive blend layer [36][37]. Moreover, the deep HOMO level, which is typically observed for acceptor-substituted oligothiophenes [32], implied that the Voc of the solar cell device should be quite high. Using the following empirical

Structural and electronic properties of oligo- and polythiophenes modified by substituents

• Simon P. Rittmeyer and
• Axel Groß

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2012, 3, 909–919, doi:10.3762/bjnano.3.101

• charged polythiophenes demonstrate. Keywords: band gaps; conducting polymers; density functional theory calculations; molecular electronics; oligothiophenes; Introduction Since the first report about the electrical conductivity of doped polyacetylene (PA) in 1977 [1], significant efforts have been spent

• oligothiophenes of varying size have been considered based on density functional theory (DFT), and the properties of polythiophenes have been derived by using scaling relations [21]. Here, we focus on the modification of the electronic properties of oligo- and polythiophenes by substituents based on periodic DFT

• cell. In order to preserve the electric neutrality of the cell, a compensating background charge is generated by default. As we are interested in the HOMO–LUMO gap of oligothiophenes and the band gaps of polythiophenes, we have to be concerned with the well-known deficiency of DFT using current-day GGA

STM study on the self-assembly of oligothiophene-based organic semiconductors

• Elena Mena-Osteritz,
• Marta Urdanpilleta,
• Erwaa El-Hosseiny,
• Berndt Koslowski,
• Paul Ziemann and
• Peter Bäuerle

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 802–808, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.88

• ordering on the substrate. Keywords: 2-D crystals; functionalized oligothiophenes; H-bonding; intermolecular interaction; scanning tunneling microscopy; Introduction In the last few decades conjugated organic polymers and oligomers have attracted a broad interest due to their excellent electronic and

• weak intermolecular van der Waals forces and molecule–substrate interactions, as well as intermolecular hydrogen bonding in the case of functionalized oligothiophenes [15][16][17]. The typical flat metallic substrates (HOPG, Au(111), Ag(111), etc.) employed in STM differ from the ITO electrodes used in

• analyses on different series of alkylated oligothiophenes [12][18] have shown that, with a unique exception, smaller oligomers throughout prefer an all-anti conformation [23], whereas for longer oligomers syn-conformations at the terminal thiophene units typically seem to be more favored. Conclusion The

Optical properties of fully conjugated cyclo[n]thiophenes – An experimental and theoretical approach

• Elena Mena-Osteritz,
• Fan Zhang,
• Günther Götz,
• Peter Reineker and
• Peter Bäuerle

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 720–726, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.78

• In the last few decades organic conjugated polymers and oligomers, in particular poly- and oligothiophenes, have attracted a broad interest due to their excellent electronic and transport properties in the solid state, which allow their application in a variety of organic-electronic devices, such as

• oxidants metallic states with higher conductivities can be achieved. For various series of 1D linear oligothiophenes, which, in contrast to their polydisperse polymeric counterparts, exhibit defined molecular structures, it was proven that the physical properties correlate well with the length of the

• from terminally ethynylated terthiophenes, in only low yields and quantities, which is a general observation for the statistical synthesis of macrocycles [24][25][26]. Somewhat later, we developed a novel method using the same ethynylated oligothiophenes and Pt(II)-precursors as templates leading to

Terthiophene on Au(111): A scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy study

• Berndt Koslowski,
• Anna Tschetschetkin,
• Norbert Maurer,
• Elena Mena-Osteritz,
• Peter Bäuerle and
• Paul Ziemann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 561–568, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.60

• semiconductors. Especially, oligothiophenes are very promising candidates for molecular electronics and have been exploited to form organic field-effect transistors [1][2], optical switches [3], light emitting diodes [4], and solar cells [5][6][7]. To optimize the performance of such devices, the properties of

• the liquid environment of an electrochemical cell [9][10][11]. In the present contribution we analyze terthiophene (2,2':5',2"-terthiophene), 3T, as a representative of linear oligothiophenes being adsorbed on a Au(111) electrode within the low coverage regime (<1 monolayer (ML)), allowing us to study

Self-organizing bioinspired oligothiophene–oligopeptide hybrids

• Alexey K. Shaytan,
• Eva-Kathrin Schillinger,
• Elena Mena-Osteritz,
• Sylvia Schmid,
• Pavel G. Khalatur,
• Peter Bäuerle and
• Alexei R. Khokhlov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 525–544, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.57

• ; oligothiophenes; self-assembly; Introduction Amyloid and amyloid-like fibrillar aggregates, formed by natural proteins or oligopeptides, have attracted much attention both due to their involvement in medical pathologies (such as Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, etc. [1][2][3]) and their possible

• of particular interest. The conjugation of oligothiophenes and amyloidogenic peptides may result in new compounds that supplement the potentially semiconducting, optical, and electroluminescent properties of oligo- and polythiophenes with the self-assembling, specific binding, and stimuli responsive

• each peptide part. Thus, the peptide strands interact in a favorable antiparallel fashion (green arrows in Figure 8). The oligothiophene backbones (yellow boxes in Figure 8) are separated by 8 Å, avoiding an efficient π–π interaction in the 1' fibers. The voids in between the oligothiophenes can be