Biomimetics on the micro- and nanoscale – The 25th anniversary of the lotus effect

• Matthias Mail,
• Kerstin Koch,
• Thomas Speck,
• William M. Megill and
• Stanislav N. Gorb

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 850–856, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.69

• and insect attachment on leaf surfaces of Schismatoglottis calyptrata (Araceae)” a study of the development of cuticular ridges on the adaxial leaf surfaces during leaf ontogeny of the tropical Araceae S. calyptrata. The structure of these microscopic ridges helps plants to defend themselves against

• structure was quantitatively described with confocal laser scanning microscopy and a surface analysis software. The data show a polar development of cuticular ridges and a basipetal ridge progression during leaf ontogeny. Traction experiments with Colorado potato beetles as model species showed low walking

Growing up in a rough world: scaling of frictional adhesion and morphology of the Tokay gecko (Gekko gecko)

• Anthony J. Cobos and
• Timothy E. Higham

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1292–1302, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.107

• lower values than smooth surfaces. The safety factor went down with body mass and with surface roughness, suggesting that smaller animals may be more likely to occupy rough substrates in their natural habitat. Keywords: allometry; biomechanics; ecology; habitat; ontogeny; substrate; Introduction

• a study of Chondrodactylus bibronii, setal density, setal basal diamter and setal spacing did not change significantly throughout ontogeny, but pad area and setal length increased with body size [38]. Despite these increases, estimated adhesive force capacity, relative to body size, decreased with

• ontogeny. However, there is a mismatch between morphological measurements and measurements of adhesive force in that morphology is often used to estimate force-generating capabilities on surfaces of varying roughness. What is missing is a study that examines both the scaling of adhesion on different

Polarity in cuticular ridge development and insect attachment on leaf surfaces of Schismatoglottis calyptrata (Araceae)

• Venkata A. Surapaneni,
• Tobias Aust,
• Thomas Speck and
• Marc Thielen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1326–1338, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.98

• surfaces. The changes in the micro- and macroscale morphology of the leaves should improve our understanding of the way that plants defend themselves against insect herbivores. Keywords: cuticular ridges; insect adhesion; leaf surfaces; ontogeny; polarity; surface replication; Introduction The plant

• . Results Leaf ontogeny and replication Leaves were in the rolled state at stage 1 (5 days from bud formation) and stage 2 (10 days from bud formation). After exponential leaf growth (Supporting Information File 1, Figure S1), the leaves unrolled at stage 3, after 12–26 days from bud appearance. Stage 4

• replica corresponded to that of smooth unstructured cells, whereas the surface of the opaque region was covered with dense cuticular ridges. Analysis of individual epidermal cells demonstrated the change of size and orientation of the cells and the ridge islands during the ontogeny (Figure 5). Figure 5a

Self-assembly of Eucalyptus gunnii wax tubules and pure ß-diketone on HOPG and glass

• Miriam Anna Huth,
• Axel Huth and
• Kerstin Koch

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 939–949, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.70

• varies between plant species and ontogeny of plant organs [7]. Typical wax components are hydrocarbons (C20 to C40) and derivatives, such as fatty acids, aldehydes, and alcohols. Cuticular waxes can be classified according to their location in intra- and epicuticular waxes. The former is incorporated

Humidity-dependent wound sealing in succulent leaves of Delosperma cooperi – An adaptation to seasonal drought stress

• Olga Speck,
• Mark Schlechtendahl,
• Florian Borm,
• Tim Kampowski and
• Thomas Speck

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 175–186, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.20

• tension during ontogeny and which are more efficient in supporting the larger adult woody plant body. However, in some species, adult plants remain locked in the production of initial wide-band tracheid in their wood. This can be interpreted as a case of paedomorphosis [12][13]. In leaves of D. cooperi

• hypothesize that juvenile D. cooperi leaves contain small parenchymatous and chlorenchymatous cells and extensible vascular bundles with tracheids possessing annular and helical wall thickenings (Figure 4a). During ontogeny, the parenchyma and chlorenchyma cells take up increasing amounts of water, swell and