Fabrication and testing of polymer microneedles for transdermal drug delivery

• Vahid Ebrahiminejad,
• Zahra Faraji Rad,
• Philip D. Prewett and
• Graham J. Davies

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 629–640, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.55

• setting. Keywords: hot embossing; microneedles; penetration efficiency; thermoplastic polymers; two-photon polymerization; Introduction During the past two decades, MN devices have become a promising tool for transdermal drug delivery, vaccination, and point-of-care diagnostics [1][2]. MNs are a

• , measured from the MN tip. During the compression test, the force-displacement data were collected and plotted with MATLAB (Natick, Massachusetts, USA). Skin preparation and MN array insertion tests Porcine back skin was used to test the penetration efficiency and insertion depth of the 9 × 9 MN arrays

• force of the skin. Successful insertion is achieved upon reaching sufficient penetration depth and creating microchannels within the skin. However, the skin’s inherent elasticity and its irregular surface, with the tendency to fold around MN projections, result in unpredictable array penetration

Calculations of helium separation via uniform pores of stanene-based membranes

• Guoping Gao,
• Yan Jiao,
• Yalong Jiao,
• Fengxian Ma,
• Liangzhi Kou and
• Aijun Du

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2470–2476, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.256

• tensile strain applied to the 2D Sn is expected to increase the penetration efficiency of noble gases. Under 5% strain, the penetration barrier for He, Ne and Ar is significantly decreased to 0.51, 0.94 and 2.38 eV, respectively. When the strain on 2D Sn is further increased to 8%, the penetration barrier

• that these values are slightly larger than that of 2D Sn. Under 5 and 8% strain, the penetration barrier of noble gases through the 2D SnH is also slightly larger than the corresponding value for 2D Sn. Even though the lattice constant of 2D SnH is larger than that of 2D Sn, the penetration efficiency