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Search for 外科护理学第7版电子版 in Full Text gives 2643 result(s) in Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology. Showing first 200.
Photochemical synthesis of silver nanoprisms via green LED irradiation and evaluation of SERS activity
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1417–1427, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.103
- , photochemical methods utilizing physical agents such as lasers [5], UV light [6], or LEDs [7][8][9] have gained attention due to their superior spatial and temporal control, high stability of the resulting AgNPrs and avoidance of environmentally unfriendly reducing agents [8][10]. The strong surface plasmon
- spectra of the AgNPs seed shown in the Figure 1a displayed a single peak at 400 nm, indicating the presence of spherical silver nanoparticles with small sizes, consistent with studies in the literature [4][6][7]. The sample exhibited the characteristic yellow color of AgNPs. The TEM image and size
- nanostructures had occurred at this stage [4][7]. The IPD peak was still observed after 12 and 24 h but with progressively decreasing intensity, suggesting a reduction in the number of spherical silver seeds as the irradiation time increased. After 12 h, in addition to the IPD peak at 405 nm, a broad shoulder
The role of biochar in combating microplastic pollution: a bibliometric analysis in environmental contexts
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1401–1416, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.102
- Yan’an, China, MP concentrations in agricultural soils reached 4505 ± 435 ng/kg, with polyethylene (PE) accounting for 37.4% of the total [7]. Similarly, in the United Kingdom, plastic-mulched soils contained 3680 ± 129.1 particles/kg, while non-mulched soils exhibited lower levels at 2667 ± 84.1
- ecological pollution in agricultural soils [7]. In contrast, wastewater systems in Oman exhibited polymer indices ranging from moderate to extreme danger, emphasizing the need for enhanced MP removal technologies [12]. These findings highlight the pervasive nature of MP contamination across terrestrial and
- illustrates the effectiveness of biochar in counteracting the physical degradation caused by MPs. In terms of soil chemical properties, MPs influence pH, organic matter content, and macronutrient levels, including nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K). For example, 3–7% low-density polyethylene (LDPE
Parylene-coated platinum nanowire electrodes for biomolecular sensing applications
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1392–1400, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.101
- , with diameters ranging from 0.4 to 100 nm and lengths extending from a few micrometers to several centimeters [7]. The functionalization of CNTs is achieved by surface modification through various methods including covalent bonding, adsorption, and detection group attachment [7][8]. Palve et al
- vertical) in this deposition chamber with Kapton tape. 0.5 g of parylene-C powder was placed in a ceramic boat (7 cm × 1.5 cm × 1 cm), which was used in the deposition process. The system was first evacuated to a pressure below 1.33 Pa. Next, the valve heating tape and tube furnace were activated. Once the
- was turned off and the deposition chamber was opened after the system had cooled down to room temperature. Laser-assisted nanowire tip exposure A focused 450 nm blue diode laser beam was used to expose the tip of the platinum nanowires after parylene-C coating. Figure 7 illustrates the experimental
Synthesis and antibacterial properties of nanosilver-modified cellulose triacetate membranes for seawater desalination
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1380–1391, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.100
- are located in glaciers, the atmosphere, and soil; rendering them difficult to access and utilize [5][6][7]. To tackle the challenge of clean water scarcity, desalination of seawater or brackish water have emerged as effective solutions [1][8][9]. According to the literature, desalination technologies
Automated collection and categorisation of STM images and STS spectra with and without machine learning
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1367–1379, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.99
- results [4][5][6][7]. STS measurements are the result of an integration over the available density of states (DOS) in both the tip and the sample, with the current measured therefore being proportional to the convolution of two. To isolate the DOS of the sample, it is crucial that the tip has a nominally
- shown in Figure 7, where it can be clearly seen that there is a peak at roughly 0.8 V, which is not present in the bare surface spectra seen in Figure 3c. Previous STS data of SnDown molecules show a clear increase in conductance at both −0.85 and 0.75 V when imaging at a setpoint of 50 pA [22]. These
- HOMO from the literature value of 0.75 V to our consistent measurement of roughly 0.8 V. In addition, the work also suggests a current dependence on the position of the HOMO, which could be a contributing factor to the difference. When comparing the “good” spectra taken over the molecules (Figure 7
Enhancing the therapeutical potential of metalloantibiotics using nano-based delivery systems
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1350–1366, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.98
- themselves through plasmids, promoting the rapid spread of antimicrobial resistance [6]. In this regard, the abuse of antibiotics in livestock and agriculture has been identified as one of the main factors that have led to the emergence of AMR [7]. The emergence and spread of AMR has intensified the interest
- ]. Dellera et al. developed wound dressings containing silver sulfadiazine 7 and platelet lysate encapsulated in SLNs to treat persistent skin lesions. The Ag-encapsulating SLNs were prepared using ultrasound and hot homogenization techniques and incorporated into chitosan glutamate or hydroxypropylmethyl
- higher light absorption, and greater photoemission output, resulting in enhanced bactericidal activity against S. aureus (Figure 7). The Ir-complex liposomes interact efficiently with 450 nm LED light, leading to ROS generation and subsequent bacterial inactivation at the site of an infected chronic skin
Ferroptosis induction by engineered liposomes for enhanced tumor therapy
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1325–1349, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.97
- accumulation of lipid ROS. Ferroptosis clearly differs from necrosis, apoptosis, and autophagy in terms of cellular morphology and function [7]. Recently, studies have indicated that ferroptosis can be utilized for cancer therapy since it effectively eliminates cancer cells and reverses drug resistance [8][9
- inducing ferroptosis through various pathways to enhance cancer therapy. We also discuss stimuli-responsive liposomes and evaluate their effects on the immune system. 2 Ferroptosis A recently recognized regulated condition of iron-dependent cell death is called ferroptosis [7][22]. The Latin term “ferrum
- and aspartate, while in glial cells xag− system can also transport cysteine [71][72]. The xc− system is a transmembrane transport protein with a high affinity for cysteine, composed of Solute Carrier Family 7 Member 11 (SLC7A11) and Solute Carrier Family 3 Member 2 (SLC3A2) as a heterodimer and plays
Deep-learning recognition and tracking of individual nanotubes in low-contrast microscopy videos
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1316–1324, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.96
- , finding numerous applications in scientific research. Deep learning models have been used to identify two-dimensional materials in microscopic images [6], characterize mineral composition in scanning electron microscopy (SEM) samples [7], and determine nanotube chirality from transmission electron
Wavelength-dependent correlation of LIPSS periodicity and laser penetration depth in stainless steel
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1302–1315, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.95
- promising alternative to high-precision lithography techniques [1][2][3]. The utilization of short femtosecond laser pulses has proven instrumental in overcoming diffraction limit restrictions, enabling controlled fabrication of periodic subwavelength structures [4][5][6][7][8][9]. This controlled
- pure metals [70][71][72]. Figure 7 displays cross-sectional surface morphology images for samples irradiated with 600, 1200, 2000, 2200, and 2400 nm laser wavelength. As depicted in Figure 8 and Table 2, the diagram reveals a contradiction to the established principle of skin depth, as the depth of
Enhancing the photoelectrochemical performance of BiOI-derived BiVO4 films by controlled-intensity current electrodeposition
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1289–1301, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.94
- absorption, moderate bandgap (≈2.4 eV), high theoretical photocurrent density (≈7.5 mA·cm−2), and chemical stability in aqueous environments [7][8][9]. Nevertheless, BiVO4 suffers from intrinsic drawbacks such as low charge carrier mobility, limited conductivity, and rapid recombination of photogenerated
- ) were used to adjust the pH during deposition. Ethanol (C2H5OH, 99.9%, Merck) and deionized (DI) water were used for cleaning and dilution, respectively. Fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) glass substrates (7 Ω·sq−1, Pilkington) served as the conductive support for electrodeposition. Fabrication of BiVO4
Acrocomia aculeata oil-loaded nanoemulsion: development, anti-inflammatory properties, and cytotoxicity evaluation
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1277–1288, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.93
- the regional culture [3][4]. Bocaiúva oil contains several antioxidant compounds such as phenols, terpenes, β-carotenes, and compounds that present antioxidant properties [5][6]. It contains free fatty acids, monoglycerides, triglycerides, sterols [6][7][8], and saturated and unsaturated fatty acids
- consistent with findings by Hiane and collaborators [40] and Lieb and collaborators [7], who also observed a high concentration of monounsaturated fatty acids in the fruit pulp. Amaral et al. further identified a notable oleic acid content of 69.07% in Acrocomia aculeata pulp oil [41]. Minor discrepancies in
- . Formation of experimental groups and induction of paw edema Eight experimental groups were randomly formed, with five animals per group (n = 5). 30 min before edema induction, groups 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 received the test substances (diclofenac sodium, AAO, or AANE). Group 1 received a blank (obtained under
Better together: biomimetic nanomedicines for high performance tumor therapy
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1246–1276, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.92
- altered metabolic responses inevitably leads to treatment failure [5][6][7]. Anyhow, an early detection of cancer enhances treatment success and increases survival. However, monotherapies proved limited therapeutic efficacy. Thus, an effective multiple cancer therapeutic regimen has been employed to
- metastatic breast cancer (Figure 7) [128]. The nanosystem was modified with TAT (T) and RGD (R) peptides for targeted delivery of the chemotherapeutics gamabufotalin (C) and doxorubicin (DOX) in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), resulting in potent inhibition of tumor growth and breast cancer metastasis
Functional bio-packaging enhanced with nanocellulose from rice straw and cinnamon essential oil Pickering emulsion for fruit preservation
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1234–1245, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.91
- microbial access [7]. PVA also exhibits superior biocompatibility as evidenced by its high safety threshold (LD50 of 15–20 g·kg−1), low systemic absorption, absence of mutagenic effects, and established medical applications, making it a reliable choice for biopackaging without concerns of harmful
- against a range of Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria thanks to the cinnamic aldehyde and eugenol content in its composition [31][32][33]. The effectiveness of incorporating CEO in the preservation of fruits has been demonstrated. The preservation of mangoes was extended by 7 days [34] and the color
- testing machine (UK) following the ASTM D882 standard. Testing was performed at a crosshead speed of 50 mm·min−1 using a 1 N load cell on 1 cm × 7 cm specimens at room temperature. Water vapor permeability (WVP) was measured using a modified ASTM E96/E96M-16 method. 90 mm diameter biopackaging samples
Hydrogels and nanogels: effectiveness in dermal applications
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1216–1233, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.90
- - Vila Carli, Guarapuava – PR, Brazil Helmholtz-Zentrum für Infektionsforschung, Inhoffenstrasse 7, 38124 Braunschweig, Germany 10.3762/bjnano.16.90 Abstract Drug delivery systems (DDSs) are an important tool for obtaining medicines with improved physicochemical properties, especially for drugs with
- have emerged as promising alternatives for various medical purposes, including skin [7], nasal [4], and eye [8] applications. The evolution of ocular contact lenses, for example, has benefited from the development of hydrogels [9][10]. Hydrogels can be described as cross-linked polymeric networks
- human pulmonary fibroblast derivative, the cells were cultured for seven days in a modified Eagle’s medium and then decellularized by washing several times with PBS. Then a 7% aqueous PVA solution was added to the pulmonary fibroblast derivative. For the cross-linking of the solution, the freeze/thaw
Investigation of the solubility of protoporphyrin IX in aqueous and hydroalcoholic solvent systems
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1209–1215, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.89
- , at a specific wavelength, PpIX absorbs energy and transfers it to molecular oxygen, generating reactive oxygen species (ROS). These ROS are highly toxic to cells, inducing oxidative damage in various biomolecules such as lipids, proteins and DNA, leading to cell death [6][7]. However, PpIX and other
- properties, capable of forming micelles that encapsulate PpIX, increasing its solubility and facilitating its administration [7][11][12]. In this context, poloxamer 407 (P407) is notable for its biocompatibility and ability to form stable nanometric micelles [8][13][14]. Its amphiphilic nature allows for the
Chitosan nanocomposite containing rotenoids: an alternative bioinsecticidal approach for the management of Aedes aegypti
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1197–1208, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.88
- becomes crucial to overcome these obstacles in vector control in a smarter way [5][6][7][8]. Bioactive compounds from plants have demonstrated great potential as bioinsecticidal agents. Derived from renewable sources, these compounds possess complex chemical compositions, diverse modes of action, and
- , even when delivered via nanocomposites. The cytotoxicity analysis of natural rotenoids to HSF cells revealed no statistically significant differences in cell viability between the control group and the treatments with either in natura rotenoids or the CS/TPP-β-CD–rot nanocomposite (Figure 7; p > 0.05
Electronic and optical properties of chloropicrin adsorbed ZnS nanotubes: first principle analysis
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1184–1196, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.87
- hours of exposure, with studies reporting that 99% of individuals exposed to CP experience ocular symptoms, including inflammation, corneal edema, tissue damage, and potential visual impairment [6][7][8]. Developing portable, sensitive, rapid-response, and reliable sensors for detecting chemical warfare
- using the following Equation 6: where Eg1 and Eg2 are the bandgaps of the pristine ZnS NT and CP-adsorbed ZnS NT, respectively. The recovery time [5][62][63] is influenced by the adsorption energy, as calculated by Equation 7: where T is the Temperature (= 300 °C), KB is the Boltzmann constant (8.617
Mechanical stability of individual bacterial cells under different osmotic pressure conditions: a nanoindentation study of Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1171–1183, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.86
- patients [6][7][8]. As a Gram-negative bacterium, PA is characterized by a distinctive cell wall structure constituted by a thin peptidoglycan layer enclosed by an outer membrane which contains lipopolysaccharides (LPS) [9][10][11]. The outer membrane also contains numerous proteins, lipoproteins, and
Transfer function of an asymmetric superconducting Gauss neuron
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1160–1170, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.85
- ] describe neuromorphic elements based on superconducting interferometers that emulate the signal response of biological neurons in various real-world scenarios. In [1][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15], adiabatic neuromorphic interferometers were presented, whose energy consumption can be reduced to the
- fundamental limit of kT·ln 2 [16]. These devices contain one or two Josephson junctions (JJs) enclosed in a superconducting loop with three inductive elements. Such devices’ design is much simpler than that of a neuromorphic CMOS element, that contains about 20 transistors per cell [7][8], which also speaks
- in favor of superconducting neuromorphic devices. The subject of this study is the Gauss neuron [1][7][8][9][11][12][14], schematically depicted in Figure 1. It consists of three arms connected at a common point O and grounded to a shared electrode (Gnd). Two arms (“Josephson” or “input” ones) each
Crystalline and amorphous structure selectivity of ignoble high-entropy alloy nanoparticles during laser ablation in organic liquids is set by pulse duration
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1141–1159, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.84
- Robert Stuckert Felix Pohl Oleg Prymak Ulrich Schurmann Christoph Rehbock Lorenz Kienle Stephan Barcikowski Technical Chemistry I and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitaetsstr. 7, 45141 Essen, Germany Institute for Material Science
- , Synthesis and Real Structure, Faculty of Engineering, Christian-Albrechts University of Kiel, Kaiserstraße 2, 24143 Kiel, Germany Inorganic Chemistry and Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen, Universitaetsstr. 7, 45141 Essen, Germany Kiel Nano, Surface and
- nanomaterials, usually consisting of single-phase solid solutions made of five or more elements, forming relatively simple face-centered cubic [6][7][8] (fcc) or body-centered cubic [9][10] (bcc) crystal structures, stabilized by the configurational part of Gibbs-free energy. It is worth noting that high
Deep learning for enhancement of low-resolution and noisy scanning probe microscopy images
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1129–1140, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.83
- interactions. Scanning distortions due to non-linearities in the scan are also trickier to correct and harder to avoid in fast scanning. Some of these artifacts can be eliminated or attenuated by image processing techniques [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. Another resolution-limiting factor in AFM is the tip
- no significant statistical difference in fidelity metrics calculated for the images obtained from traditional methods and deep learning models, in the field experts’ evaluation, there is a statistically significant difference in favor of the deep learning models (with p-values below 2.9 × 10−7). Pre
Towards a quantitative theory for transmission X-ray microscopy
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1113–1128, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.82
- nm, from which quantitative data are often extracted. For example, in materials science applications, nanoscale spectromicroscopy [5][6][7][8] is used to examine a sample around its absorption edges, which provides insights into its electronic structure. In biomedical applications [9][10][11][12
- the cosine function in Equation 7 in terms of complex exponentials yields: The odd integers m correspond to the different diffraction orders of the zone plate, each producing a focus with focal length fm = f/m, where f is the focal length of the zone plate’s first diffraction order. The intensities of
- jitter and flickering of the X-ray light source (Figure 7). Supporting Information File 1 contains additional information for all other experimental procedures and analyses. Matlab was used to compute all model predictions. Here we summarize the computational approach for calculating the pc-Mie model
Influence of ion beam current on the structural, optical, and mechanical properties of TiO2 coatings: ion beam-assisted vs conventional electron beam evaporation
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1097–1112, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.81
- adhesion to substrates and a densely packed structure. Also, the deposition rate is low, which affects the high residual stress of the coating [7]. In order to improve the properties of vapor-deposited coatings, it is necessary to increase the total energy of the particles reaching the substrates. In
- measurements (Figure 7) showed that the films deposited by EBE had a hardness of about 2.4 GPa. Increasing the ion gun current from 3 to 4 A caused an increase of hardness from 3.1 to 3.5 GPa. These measurements showed that the use of IBAD in the EBE process had a favorable effect on mechanical properties of
- at 3 and 4 A, the hardness was equal to 2.4 and 2.5 GPa, respectively (Figure 7). To illustrate the impact of additional ion beam gun current on the hardness of thin films, the relationship between hardness and Iibg for both as-deposited and annealed films is presented below in Figure 10a. The
Fabrication of metal complex phthalocyanine and porphyrin nanoparticle aqueous colloids by pulsed laser fragmentation in liquid and their potential application to a photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1088–1096, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.80
- nanoparticles and nanomicelle encapsulation have been used to disperse them in water [2][3][4][5][6][7]. For example, AlClPc has been loaded into nanoemulsions using castor oil and Cremophor ELP® [5]. ZnPc was dispersed in unilamellar liposomes by a solvent exchange method [7][8], and its photocytotoxicity
- of PC12 and HeLa cells was observed upon light irradiation, while slight toxicity was observed for MPcs even in the dark (Figure 7). Both AlClPc and PtOEP demonstrated dose-dependent photocytotoxicity for PC12 cells. To investigate the photocytotoxicity properties of the nanoparticles, the
- stability of the nanoparticles was evaluated by spectral absorption measurements. 0.2 mL of the prepared colloids was put in 1.8 mL of deionized water, PBS (pH 7, Thermo Fisher scientific), MEM (Sigma-Aldrich, M4655-500ML), or RPMI1640 medium (Sigma-Aldrich, R8758-500ML) media, and then the absorption
Single-layer graphene oxide film grown on α-Al2O3(0001) for use as an adsorbent
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1082–1087, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.79
- has a high level of water affinity. Consequently, GO can be expected to have a wide range of applications, such as primers, thermally conductive materials, transparent electrodes, and adsorbent materials [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. GO is typically synthesized by oxidizing graphite. Several
- 4, 7, and 9. Both the electronic structure and the normalized amount of Cs adsorbates were dependent on the pH scale. These fundamental aspects provide us important information for developing new adsorbent materials using GO. Results and Discussion Large-area and single-layer graphene oxide growth
- and/or alkalinity for the efficient Cs adsorption by SLGO. With regard to the quantitative analysis, it is also noted that SLGO shows high adsorption capacity of Cs. That is, the weight adsorption capacity in the CsCl solution with pH 7 is estimated to be 650–850 mg Cs per 1 g SLGO, which corresponds
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