Out-of-plane polarization induces a picosecond photoresponse in rhombohedral stacked bilayer WSe₂

• Guixian Liu,
• Yufan Wang,
• Zhoujuan Xu,
• Zhouxiaosong Zeng,
• Lanyu Huang,
• Cuihuan Ge and
• Xiao Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1362–1368, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.109

• depolarization fields, providing a promising platform for highly integrated devices [1][2][3]. The emergence of ferroelectricity at the atomic scale in vdW ferroelectrics has garnered significant interest because of its potential applications in various fields [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. Through

Investigation of Hf/Ti bilayers for the development of transition-edge sensor microcalorimeters

• Victoria Y. Safonova,
• Anna V. Gordeeva,
• Anton V. Blagodatkin,
• Dmitry A. Pimanov,
• Anton A. Yablokov and
• Andrey L. Pankratov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1353–1361, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.108

• group, yields predictable and repeatable properties of films, whereas iridium is demanding regarding the deposition conditions: A temperature of the substrate of the order of several hundreds degrees Celsius must be maintained to obtain superconducting films [13][14]. Furthermore, the heat capacitance

Hymenoptera and biomimetic surfaces: insights and innovations

• Vinicius Marques Lopez,
• Carlo Polidori and
• Rhainer Guillermo Ferreira

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1333–1352, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.107

• of artificial surfaces, such as rough coatings on high-speed trains [12], dimples on golf balls [13], and shark skin denticles on aircrafts [14]. Some micromachines can also benefit from micro- and nanostructures that create roughness on surfaces and influence aerodynamics and heat transfer [15]. The

• during flight, as many hymenopterans (e.g., chrysidids, scelionids, and mutillids) have dimples on the cuticle that might have the same aerodynamic effect as those on golf balls [13]. Setose cuticle in hymenopterans also exhibits an interesting function, namely, reducing the accumulation and deposition

Nanoarchitectonics with cetrimonium bromide on metal nanoparticles for linker-free detection of toxic metal ions and catalytic degradation of 4-nitrophenol

• Akash Kumar and
• Raja Gopal Rayavarapu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1312–1332, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.106

• such as Hg2+ are poisonous environmental pollutants that cause damage at the DNA level by inhibiting DNA replication and DNA polymerase activity, ultimately affecting normal cell synthesis [13]. The less toxic Fe3+ is an essential nutrient for human health in a lower dose, while increasing the dose

• -capped gold nanoparticles within 60 min of the reaction in the presence of thiosulfate [27]. The study concluded that nanoparticles of 13 nm can efficiently catalyze the reaction from 4-nitrophenol to 4-aminophenol [27]. A number of studies confirmed that linker-dependent detection and catalytic

Interaction of graphene oxide with tannic acid: computational modeling and toxicity mitigation in C. elegans

• Romana Petry,
• James M. de Almeida,
• Francine Côa,
• Felipe Crasto de Lima,
• Diego Stéfani T. Martinez and
• Adalberto Fazzio

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1297–1311, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.105

• surface, influencing GO’s colloidal stability, reactivity, and interactions with living organisms. As a consequence, these interactions can lead to diverse effects, ranging from the mitigation of toxicity [12][13][14] to the enhancement of its toxicity [15][16]. However, microscopic understanding of these

Mn-doped ZnO nanopowders prepared by sol–gel and microwave-assisted sol–gel methods and their photocatalytic properties

• Cristina Maria Vlăduț,
• Crina Anastasescu,
• Silviu Preda,
• Oana Catalina Mocioiu,
• Simona Petrescu,
• Jeanina Pandele-Cusu,
• Dana Culita,
• Veronica Bratan,
• Ioan Balint and
• Maria Zaharescu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1283–1296, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.104

• -efficient than conventional heating methods [12][13][14]. This approach is particularly advantageous in technology applications, as it significantly reduces reaction times from days to mere hours or minutes and enables the production of nanocrystalline oxides in the form of powders and films on various

• signal of the SG sample (assigned to surface oxygen vacancies and defects) and can be further analyzed taking into account the photocatalytic test results. Photocatalytic activity Oxidative photodegradation of oxalic acid in aqueous solution (Figure 13) was used to compare the catalytic activity of the

• 3 h. The obtained amounts were 182 µmol of CO2 for the SG catalyst and 153 µmol of CO2 for the MW catalyst. However, Figure 13 depicts particular aspects concerning the CO2 generation for each catalyst in the time course of the photocatalytic process. In the case of SG, the CO2 formation rate is

New design of operational MEMS bridges for measurements of properties of FEBID-based nanostructures

• Bartosz Pruchnik,
• Krzysztof Kwoka,
• Ewelina Gacka,
• Dominik Badura,
• Piotr Kunicki,
• Andrzej Sierakowski,
• Paweł Janus,
• Tomasz Piasecki and
• Teodor Gotszalk

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1273–1282, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.103

• prototyping and experimentation, such as electron and ion beams, and in particular FEBID [11][12][13]. FEBID has a resolution of a few nanometres [14] and can be automated [15] or combined with other technologies [16][17]. It can be used to deposit conductive or insulating layers, as well as layers of special

• , 17 pA, 13 ms dwell time, a single line pattern in a single pass with 4 nm pitch, and MeCpPtMe3 precursor at 321 K with a flow rate of 8.5 × 10−4 μm3/s. The pattern line was set to begin on one electrode and end on the other (Figure 7). In between, the nanowire growth proceeded horizontally with an

Functional morphology of cleaning devices in the damselfly Ischnura elegans (Odonata, Coenagrionidae)

• Silvana Piersanti,
• Gianandrea Salerno,
• Wencke Krings,
• Stanislav Gorb and
• Manuela Rebora

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1260–1272, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.102

• behavior also plays a role in distributing substances across their bodies, such as antimicrobial compounds [10], brochosomes [11], and cuticular lipids [6][12]. Additionally, self-grooming is essential for flight, as it keeps the wings clean [13], and for movement on land, by ensuring the cleanliness of

• relative humidity of 70 ± 10%) inside net cages (25 cm × 25 cm × 25 cm). Drosophila melanogaster flies were used to feed the damselflies. Adult insects of both sexes were used in the study. Light microscopy To count the mean number of foretibial grooming structures in males and females, we anaesthetized 13

The role of a tantalum interlayer in enhancing the properties of Fe₃O₄ thin films

• Hai Dang Ngo,
• Vo Doan Thanh Truong,
• Van Qui Le,
• Hoai Phuong Pham and
• Thi Kim Hang Pham

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1253–1259, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.101

• NTT Hi-Tech Institute, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, 298-300A Nguyen Tat Thanh Street, Ward 13, District 4, Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam 10.3762/bjnano.15.101 Abstract High spin polarization and low resistivity of Fe3O4 at room temperature have been an appealing topic in spintronics with various

• films [11][12][13]. The RF magnetron sputtering technique is extensively utilized because of its cost-effectiveness, simplicity, effectiveness, and capacity to produce Fe3O4 films with remarkable uniformity. The qualities of the films can be modified by manipulating parameters throughout the growth

• probability of occupying random dangling bonds from the amorphous substrate surface because it has the highest areal density [13][33]. In contrast, the small lattice mismatch between Fe3O4 thin film and MgO(100) substrate (≈0.3% [29]) results in the growth orientation controlled by the substrate and leads to

Dual-functionalized architecture enables stable and tumor cell-specific SiO₂NPs in complex biological fluids

• Iris Renata Sousa Ribeiro,
• Raquel Frenedoso da Silva,
• Romênia Ramos Domingues,
• Adriana Franco Paes Leme and
• Mateus Borba Cardoso

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1238–1252, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.100

• biological identity of these particles, impairing their therapeutic efficiency [12][13][14][15]. Proteins and other biomolecules can be adsorbed on the surface of NPs (protein corona formation), masking their original functionality and hiding their target ability [16][17][18]. Protein corona can further lead

• potential measurements indicated negative charges for the SiO2NPs. This charge is justified by the silanol groups on the surface that are deprotonated at pH values above 4 [13][38][39][40]. After the addition of ZW (SiO2NPs-ZW), theoretically, the zeta potential value should approach zero since silanol

Enhanced catalytic reduction through in situ synthesized gold nanoparticles embedded in glucosamine/alginate nanocomposites

• Chi-Hien Dang,
• Le-Kim-Thuy Nguyen,
• Minh-Trong Tran,
• Van-Dung Le,
• Nguyen Minh Ty,
• T. Ngoc Han Pham,
• Hieu Vu-Quang,
• Tran Thi Kim Chi,
• Tran Thi Huong Giang,
• Nguyen Thi Thanh Tu and
• Thanh-Danh Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1227–1237, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.99

• [10][11][12]. Sodium alginate, derived from marine algae, consists of β-ᴅ-mannuronic acid and its stereoisomer α-ʟ-guluronic acid, forming a linear block copolymer with branched chains [13][14]. This biopolymer possesses metal-binding functional groups that readily cross-link through strong

• three times with 10 mL of water each time to obtain the blank GluN/Alg nanocomposite, which was also used as the standard sample for further characterization. To synthesize the AuNPs@GluN/Alg nanocomposite, aqueous AuCl3 solution (13 mL, 0.0061–0.0554 mg·mL−1) was added to GluN/Alg suspension (8 mL, 1.0

Realizing active targeting in cancer nanomedicine with ultrasmall nanoparticles

• André F. Lima,
• Giselle Z. Justo and
• Alioscka A. Sousa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1208–1226, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.98

• [10][11][12]. Reasons for the poor clinical performance of passive tumor targeting are the considerable heterogeneity of the EPR effect in humans, alongside the restricted diffusion of NPs across the dense tumor stroma [4][5][13][14]. Reasons for the limited performance of active targeting include its

• molecule-, peptide-, aptamer-, and antibody-based ligands used in active targeting. While not exhaustive, we hope the highlighted cases below provide a valuable overview of the capabilities and the potential of targeted usNPs in cancer nanomedicine. Furthermore, Table 1 presents a compilation of 13 unique

• ’ dots) composed of encapsulated Cy5 near-infrared (NIR) dyes, a protective PEG layer, the drug exatecan conjugated via a cathepsin-B cleavable linker, and folic acid targeting molecules (Figure 3A) [115]. The multifunctional C’ dot particles contained on average 21 exatecan and 13 folic acid molecules

A low-kiloelectronvolt focused ion beam strategy for processing low-thermal-conductance materials with nanoampere currents

• Annalena Wolff,
• Nico Klingner,
• William Thompson,
• Yinghong Zhou,
• Jinying Lin and
• Yin Xiao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1197–1207, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.97

• cross sections and TEM lamellae of biological samples as well as of other thermally low conductive materials such as polymers [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. The easily induced heat damage is increasingly being reported [3][6][14][15][16][17]. Despite the importance of this topic, there is

• considered when evaluating the heat flux into skin (refer to Table 1). The simulated energy losses, given in Table 1, show that the ions lose the majority of their energy (>90%) to phonons and ionization at 5 keV incident energy. This result is in good agreement with the literature [13][15]. The total amount

Synthesis, characterization and anticancer effect of doxorubicin-loaded dual stimuli-responsive smart nanopolymers

• Ömür Acet,
• Pavel Kirsanov,
• Burcu Önal Acet,
• Inessa Halets-Bui,
• Dzmitry Shcharbin,
• Şeyda Ceylan Cömert and
• Mehmet Odabaşı

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1189–1196, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.96

• [9]. Certain designs in nanostructures are extremely useful to combat diseases [12][13]. Polymeric platforms have attracted great interest in recent years [14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. “Stimulus-sensitive” polymers (smart polymers) exhibit conformational changes or phase transition behavior in

AI-assisted models to predict chemotherapy drugs modified with C₆₀ fullerene derivatives

• Jonathan-Siu-Loong Robles-Hernández,
• Dora Iliana Medina,
• Katerin Aguirre-Hurtado,
• Marlene Bosquez,
• Roberto Salcedo and
• Alan Miralrio

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1170–1188, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.95

• ][10][11]. Besides, in the case of radiotherapy, fibrosis, atrophy, and neuronal damage caused by irradiation can occur [12][13]. Consequently, novel treatments try to reduce the secondary effects while retaining the benefits of standard approaches. Chemotherapy is one of the most extensively applied

• . Water solubility values varied between 0.0004 mg/mL and 22.3 mg/mL. The LogP values varied between −2 and 6.54, whereas LogS ranged from −6 to −1.1. Besides, pKa values varied between −8 and 14.55. The hydrogen acceptor count varied widely between 2 and 13, whereas the hydrogen donor count varied

• . As in the previous case, WS, LogS, pKa, and LogP are the same as those obtained for the isolated drugs. The hydrogen acceptor count varied between 3 and 13, whereas the hydrogen donor count varied from 1 to 7. Since the carboxylic group is polar, polar surface area values, ranging from 49.77 to

Quantum-to-classical modeling of monolayer Ge₂Se₂ and its application in photovoltaic devices

• Anup Shrivastava,
• Shivani Saini,
• Dolly Kumari,
• Sanjai Singh and
• Jost Adam

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1153–1169, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.94

• various layers including the active/absorber layers, the electron transport layer (ETL) and the hole transport layer (HTL) [12][13]. Both HTL and ETL play a crucial role in achieving a high performance of PV devices. The most common HTL material is spiro-OMeTAD, but it is very expensive [14]. Furthermore

• has been sampled into 13 × 13 × 1 K-mesh points (using the Monkhorst–Pack scheme [72]) and high-energy/force convergence criteria of 10−10 eV/10−10 eV/Å3, respectively, have been set for two consecutive self-consistent cycles. A sufficiently high vacuum of 23 Å is applied perpendicularly to avoid

Introducing third-generation periodic table descriptors for nano-qRASTR modeling of zebrafish toxicity of metal oxide nanoparticles

• Supratik Kar and
• Siyun Yang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1142–1152, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.93

• from human studies, researchers have turned to zebrafish and their embryos for toxicological investigations. Zebrafish embryos are commonly used to identify environmental heavy metal pollution [13]. As a multicellular organism, zebrafish can offer more comprehensive insights into nanomaterials

Photocatalytic methane oxidation over a TiO₂/SiNWs p–n junction catalyst at room temperature

• Qui Thanh Hoai Ta,
• Luan Minh Nguyen,
• Ngoc Hoi Nguyen,
• Phan Khanh Thinh Nguyen and
• Dai Hai Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1132–1141, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.92

• handling [12][13][14]. Photocatalytic metal oxide semiconductor materials have been utilized for converting solar energy into valuable chemical energy in the field of CH4 conversion [15][16][17]. Methane oxidation presents a particularly promising strategy. The primary objective is to convert methane into

Local work function on graphene nanoribbons

• Daniel Rothhardt,
• Amina Kimouche,
• Tillmann Klamroth and
• Regina Hoffmann-Vogel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1125–1131, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.91

• bandgap [12], which is also related to the work function. GNRs can be synthesized with atomic precision in an ultrahigh-vacuum environment using on-surface synthesis [13]. This synthesis is well known on coinage metals, namely, Cu, Ag, and Au, which possess a high electron density. To study these unique

• cyclodehydrogenation and the formation of GNRs following [13][26]. The sample was introduced into our SFM attached to the same vacuum chamber, which was cooled down to 115 K using liquid nitrogen. Nanosensors Si tips (resonance frequency f0 = 158 kHz and longitudinal force constant cL = 45 N/m) and PtIr-coated tips

Direct electron beam writing of silver using a β-diketonate precursor: first insights

• Katja Höflich,
• Krzysztof Maćkosz,
• Chinmai S. Jureddy,
• Aleksei Tsarapkin and
• Ivo Utke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1117–1124, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.90

• fabrication of nano-optical components, where the actual geometry in combination with the material composition governs the optical response of the device [13]. However, typically a dominant carbon portion is present in the deposit due to the use of organometallic precursors [9][14], which poses practical

Recent updates in applications of nanomedicine for the treatment of hepatic fibrosis

• Damai Ria Setyawati,
• Fransiska Christydira Sekaringtyas,
• Riyona Desvy Pratiwi,
• A’liyatur Rosyidah,
• Rohimmahtunnissa Azhar,
• Nunik Gustini,
• Gita Syahputra,
• Idah Rosidah,
• Etik Mardliyati,
• Tarwadi and
• Sjaikhurrizal El Muttaqien

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1105–1116, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.89

• metabolic-associated fatty liver disease [13]. Currently, numerous therapeutic strategies are under development. The antifibrotic strategies either target HSCs or use non-HSC antifibrotic targets. The non-HSC-mediated therapies focus on anti-inflammatory approaches, including the removal of the cause of

Unveiling the potential of alginate-based nanomaterials in sensing technology and smart delivery applications

• Shakhzodjon Uzokboev,
• Khojimukhammad Akhmadbekov,
• Ra’no Nuritdinova,
• Salah M. Tawfik and
• Yong-Ill Lee

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1077–1104, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.88

• disease diagnosis, quick detection of diverse drugs and chemicals, and long-term monitoring [9]. In the recent decade, sensor technology has seen breakthroughs thanks to the usage of nanomaterials with superior physicochemical properties [10][11][12][13]. Nowadays, the development of sensors based on

Signal generation in dynamic interferometric displacement detection

• Knarik Khachatryan,
• Simon Anter,
• Michael Reichling and
• Alexander von Schmidsfeld

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1070–1076, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.87

• excitation, the freely oscillating cantilever exhibits a harmonic displacement q(t) as a function of time. If a tip–surface force Fts is present, this will introduce a slight anharmonicity, and there will be a static displacement qs [13]. Within the harmonic approximation, which is well justified for small

• tip–surface forces, the cantilever displacement is [13]: where A is the cantilever oscillation amplitude and fexc is the excitation frequency kept at the resonance frequency of the cantilever for frequency-modulation NC-AFM. Further taking into account that the interferometer may be misaligned by the

Effect of wavelength and liquid on formation of Ag, Au, Ag/Au nanoparticles via picosecond laser ablation and SERS-based detection of DMMP

• Sree Satya Bharati Moram,
• Chandu Byram and
• Venugopal Rao Soma

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1054–1069, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.86

• parameter on NP productivity, shape, and size distribution remains an area of ongoing research [11][12][13][14][15]. Pulsed laser irradiation of liquids (PLIL) can affect the size and shape of NPs. Various approaches are described in the literature, such as (i) laser fragmentation in liquid (LFL), (ii

• 13 to 32 nm while ablating the Ag targets in acetone with laser wavelengths of 532 and 1064 nm. Furthermore, the absorption intensity proportionally increases with the increasing wavelength in both DW and NaCl, demonstrating that the yield of NPs is higher at higher wavelengths. Moreover, the

Interface properties of nanostructured carbon-coated biological implants: an overview

• Mattia Bartoli,
• Francesca Cardano,
• Erik Piatti,
• Stefania Lettieri,
• Andrea Fin and
• Alberto Tagliaferro

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1041–1053, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.85

• applications [4] as active species or as drug delivery platforms using tailored carbon nanotubes (CNTs) [5][6], fullerenes [7][8], carbon dots (CDs) [9][10], and graphene-related materials (i.e., graphene oxide (GO) [11], reduced graphene oxide (rGO) [12], and nanographite (nG) [13]). Furthermore, the