Identification of optimal fluorescent probes for G-quadruplex nucleic acids through systematic exploration of mono- and distyryl dye libraries

Xiao Xie,
Michela Zuffo,
Marie-Paule Teulade-Fichou and
Anton Granzhan

Full Research Paper
Published 06 Aug 2019

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1. Graphical Abstract
2. Figure 1: Some di- and mono-styryl dyes previously reported as fluorescent “light-up” probes for G4-DNA and R...
  
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3. Figure 2: Design of a library of di- and mono-styryl dyes. Counter-ions are omitted for the sake of clarity.
  
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4. Scheme 1: A, B) General synthesis of A) distyryl and B) mono-styryl dyes via Knoevenagel condensation route. ...
  
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5. Scheme 2: Synthesis of I3–5 and I15.
  
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6. Figure 3: Representative absorption spectra of distyryl dyes: A) 1d, B) 1ð, C) 1f, D) 1u, E) 10a and F) 12a i...
  
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7. Figure 4: Representative absorption spectra of the distyryl dyes (c = 10 µM in MeOH) demonstrating the influe...
  
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8. Figure 5: Heat map of the relative emission intensity enhancement (I/I₀) of styryl dyes and thioflavin T (ThT...
  
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9. Figure 6: Analysis of the light-up response matrix of the dyes. The average light-up factor of each dye with ...
  
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10. Figure 7: PC1 vs PC2 plot obtained from the principal component analysis of the light-up data matrix for all ...
  
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11. Figure 8: Dual-dye conformational analysis of an extended panel of 33 DNA oligonucleotides. This is performed...
  
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12. Figure 9: Selected probes featuring high fluorimetric response towards G4 structures.
  
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13. Figure 10: Photographs of solutions of A) distyryl dyes 1p and 1u; B) mono-styryl dyes 17a and 18a, in the abs...
  
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