- Review
- Published 18 Oct 2021
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Scheme 1: Asymmetric aza-Michael addition catalyzed by cinchona alkaloid derivatives.
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Scheme 2: Intramolecular 6-exo-trig aza-Michael addition reaction.
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Scheme 3: Asymmetric aza-Michael/Michael addition cascade reaction of 2-nitrobenzofurans and 2-nitrobenzothio...
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Scheme 4: Asymmetric aza-Michael addition of para-dienone imide to benzylamine.
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Scheme 5: Asymmetric synthesis of chiral N-functionalized heteroarenes.
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- Review
- Published 15 Oct 2021
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Figure 1: Generalized α-ketol or α-iminol rearrangement.
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Figure 2: Nickel(II)-catalyzed enantioselective rearrangement of ketol 3 to form the ring-expanded and chiral...
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Figure 3: Enantioselective ring expansion of β-hydroxy-α-dicarbonyl 6 catalyzed by a chiral copper-bisoxazoli...
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Figure 4: Enantioselective rearrangement of ketols 9 and 12 and hydroxyaldimine 14 catalyzed by Al(III) or Sc...
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Figure 5: Asymmetric rearrangement of α,α-dialkyl-α-siloxyaldehydes 16 to α-siloxyketones 17 catalyzed by chi...
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Figure 6: BF3-promoted diastereospecific rearrangement of α-ketol 21 to difluoroalkoxyborane 22.
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Figure 7: In the presence of a gold catalyst and water in 1,4-dioxane, 1-alkynylbutanol derivatives undergo t...
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Figure 8: The diastereospecific α-ketol rearrangement of 32 to 33, part of the total synthesis of periconiano...
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Figure 9: Two α-ketol rearrangements, one catalyzed by silica gel on 38 and the other by NaOMe on both 38 and ...
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Figure 10: α-Ketol rearrangement of triumphalone (41) to isotriumphalone (42) via ring contraction.
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Figure 11: Tandem reaction of strophasterol A synthetic intermediate 43 to 44 through a vinylogous α-ketol rea...
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Figure 12: Tandem reaction consisting of a Diels–Alder cycloaddition followed by an α-ketol rearrangement, par...
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Figure 13: Single-pot reaction consisting of Claisen and α-ketol rearrangements, part of the total synthesis o...
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Figure 14: Enzyme-catalyzed α-ketol rearrangements. a) Ketol-acid reductoisomerase (KAR) catalyzes the rearran...
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Figure 15: The conversion of asperfloroid (73) to asperflotone (72), featuring the ring-expanding α-ketol rear...
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Figure 16: Hypothetical interconversion of natural products prekinamycin (76) and isoprekinamycin (77) and che...
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Figure 17: Proposed biosynthetic pathway converting acylphloroglucinol (87) to isolated elodeoidins A–H 92–96....
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Figure 18: α-Iminol rearrangements catalyzed by VANOL Zr (99). The rearrangement can be conducted with preform...
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Figure 19: α-Iminol rearrangements catalyzed by silica gel and montmorillonite K 10. a) For 102a (102 with R =...
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Figure 20: Synthesis of tryptamines 110 via a ring-contracting α‑iminol rearrangement. A mechanism for the fin...
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Figure 21: Tandem synthesis of functionalized α-amino cyclopentanones 119 from heteroarenes 115 and cyclobutan...
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Figure 22: Four eburnane-type alkaloid natural products 122–125 were synthesized from common intermediate 127,...
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- Review
- Published 14 Oct 2021
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Figure 1: Schematic representation of the process of aqueous cryogel formation, using (a) monomers/small mole...
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Figure 2: Microarchitecture of gelatin cryogels. (A) Surface and cross-sectional SEM micrographs of highly po...
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Figure 3: Principle of 3D-cryogel printing. A) Illustration of 3D-printing of cryogels. B) Illustration of th...
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Figure 4: Illustration of the production of the injectable multifunctional composite, comprised of alginate c...
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Figure 5: Digital and SEM photographs of PETEGA cryogel at 20 °C (top) and 50 °C (bottom), synthesised via UV...
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Figure 6: Cell morphology of T47D breast cancer cells cultured in HA cryogels. (A) Schematic representation o...
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Figure 7: Preparation of PDMA/β-CD cryogel via cryogenic treatment and photochemical crosslinking in frozen s...
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Figure 8: (A) Healing rate of wounds treated with autoclaved CG11 cryogels and those treated with 70% ethanol...
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Figure 9: In vivo haemostatic capacity evaluation of the cryogels. Blood loss (a) and haemostatic time (b) in...
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- Full Research Paper
- Published 13 Oct 2021
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Figure 1: Examples of 2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizines (1–7) and 5,6,7,8-tetrahydroindolizines (8–10).
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Scheme 1: Previous [18] and proposed routes to 2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizines from enaminones. Reagents and conditio...
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Scheme 2: Synthesis of pyrrolizine 19a from lactam 16 via enaminone 15a. Reagents and conditions: (i) NaH, TH...
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Scheme 3: Proposed mechanism for the formation of pyrrolizidine 19a from enaminone (E)-15a.
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Scheme 4: Synthesis of tetrahydroindolizines 26a–c from lactam 23 via enaminones 25a–c. Reagents and conditio...
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Scheme 5: Further functionalization of dihydropyrrolizine 19a. Reagents and conditions: (i) NBS, DMF, 0 °C, 1...
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- Review
- Published 12 Oct 2021
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Scheme 1: Photoredox catalysis mechanism of [Ru(bpy)3]2+.
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Scheme 2: Photoredox catalysis mechanism of CuI.
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Scheme 3: Ligands and CuI complexes.
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Scheme 4: Mechanism of CuI-based photocatalysis.
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Scheme 5: Mechanisms of CuI–substrate complexes.
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Scheme 6: Mechanism of CuII-base photocatalysis.
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Scheme 7: Olefinic C–H functionalization and allylic alkylation.
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Scheme 8: Cross-coupling of unactivated alkenes and CF3SO2Cl.
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Scheme 9: Chlorosulfonylation/cyanofluoroalkylation of alkenes.
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Scheme 10: Hydroamination of alkenes.
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Scheme 11: Cross-coupling reaction of alkenes, alkyl halides with nucleophiles.
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Scheme 12: Cross-coupling of alkenes with oxime esters.
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Scheme 13: Oxo-azidation of vinyl arenes.
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Scheme 14: Azidation/difunctionalization of vinyl arenes.
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Scheme 15: Photoinitiated copper-catalyzed Sonogashira reaction.
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Scheme 16: Alkyne functionalization reactions.
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Scheme 17: Alkynylation of dihydroquinoxalin-2-ones with terminal alkynes.
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Scheme 18: Decarboxylative alkynylation of redox-active esters.
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Scheme 19: Aerobic oxidative C(sp)–S coupling reaction.
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Scheme 20: Copper-catalyzed alkylation of carbazoles with alkyl halides.
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Scheme 21: C–N coupling of organic halides with amides and aliphatic amines.
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Scheme 22: Copper-catalyzed C–X (N, S, O) bond formation reactions.
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Scheme 23: Arylation of C(sp2)–H bonds of azoles.
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Scheme 24: C–C cross-coupling of aryl halides and heteroarenes.
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Scheme 25: Benzylic or α-amino C–H functionalization.
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Scheme 26: α-Amino C–H functionalization of aromatic amines.
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Scheme 27: C–H functionalization of aromatic amines.
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Scheme 28: α-Amino-C–H and alkyl C–H functionalization reactions.
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Scheme 29: Other copper-photocatalyzed reactions.
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Scheme 30: Cross-coupling of oxime esters with phenols or amines.
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Scheme 31: Alkylation of heteroarene N-oxides.
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- Full Research Paper
- Published 07 Oct 2021
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Figure 1: Natural isopavine alkaloids and synthetic derivatives of isopavine.
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Figure 2: The structure and numbering of dihydromethanodibenzoazocine.
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Scheme 1: The Petasis reaction and the Pomeranz–Fritsch–Bobbitt cyclization.
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Scheme 2: The synthesis of 7,12-dihydro-6,12-methanodibenzo[c,f]azocine-5-carboxylic acids via a combination ...
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Scheme 3: Synthesis of N-benzylated aminoacetaldehyde acetals 3a–e. Conditions: a) reaction run in EtOH; b) r...
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Scheme 4: Synthesis of amino acids 6a–g.
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Scheme 5: Synthesis of dihydromethanodibenzoazocine-5-carboxylic acids 7a–f. Conditions: a) 20% HCl, rt, 24 h...
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Scheme 6: Synthesis of TA-073.
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Scheme 7: Reaction of 6a with 4% aqueous HCl solution in THF and with 20% aqueous HCl solution. Conditions: a...
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Scheme 8: Three pathways of the synthesis of 12, the decarboxylated analogue of 6a.
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Scheme 9: The chemical behavior of 12 in 4% aqueous HCl solution in THF and in 20% aqueous HCl solution.
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Scheme 10: A plausible mechanism of the reaction of 6a with 4% aqueous HCl solution in THF.
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Supp. Info
- Letter
- Published 01 Oct 2021
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Scheme 1: The benzylic C(sp3)–H allylic alkylation reactions of 2-alkylpyridines.
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Scheme 2: Mechanistic hypothesis of the alkylation reaction of 2-alkylpyridines with MBH carbonates.
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Scheme 3: Scope of MBH carbonates 2 with 2-picoline 1a. The reactions were performed using 1a (1.0 mmol, 2 eq...
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Scheme 4: Scope of 2-alkylpyridine 1 with MBH carbonate 2a. The reactions were performed using 1 (1.0 mmol, 2...
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- Full Research Paper
- Published 29 Sep 2021
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Scheme 1: Schematic representation of the polymer synthesis of P1 and P2.
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Figure 1: DSC-analysis of the polymers P1 and P2 (second heating and cooling cycle; 20 K/min for heating and ...
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Figure 2: DMTA analysis of P1 and P2 showing the transition at around 130 °C due to the reversible π–π intera...
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Figure 3: Frequency sweeps of polymers P1 (left) and P2 (right).
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Figure 4: Temperature dependent IR spectra of P1 drop casted on KBr in the C=C (1570–1605 cm−1) and C=O stret...
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Figure 5: Schematic representation of the first healing of P1 at 150 °C.
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- Letter
- Published 28 Sep 2021
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Scheme 1: 3d-Transition-metal-catalyzed C–H functionalization to access functionalized ferrocenes.
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Scheme 2: Scope of ferrocenes with morpholine.
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Scheme 3: Scope of various amines with 1a.
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Scheme 4: Synthetic applications.
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Scheme 5: Mechanistic experiments.
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- Full Research Paper
- Published 23 Sep 2021
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Figure 1: Structures of azide and alkyne functional molecules and polymers used in the photoinduced CuAAC rea...
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Figure 2: UV–vis spectra of CuICl, CuIICl2 and BPNs.
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Figure 3: a) 1H NMR spectra of the model reaction between benzyl azide (Az-1) and phenylacetylene (Alk-3) bef...
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Scheme 1: Proposed mechanism for photoinduced CuAAC reaction using exfoliated BPNs.
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Figure 4: a) 1H NMR spectrum of chain end modified PCL-Anth; b) UV–vis spectra of (azidomethyl)anthracene (bl...
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Scheme 2: Synthesis of PS-b-PCL block copolymer via exfoliated BPNs-mediated photoinduced CuAAC reaction.
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Figure 5: a) GPC traces of PS-Az, PCL-Alk and block copolymer (Ps-b-PCL) b) 1H NMR spectrum of the block copo...
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Scheme 3: Preparation of the cross-linked polymer by CuAAC reaction using multifunctional monomers, Az-3 and ...
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Figure 6: a) DSC thermogram of photoinduced synthesis of nanocomposite networks (heating rate: 10 °C/min). b)...
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Figure 7: (a, b) TEM images of cross-linked polymer at two different magnifications, c) HAADF-STEM image and ...
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