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1 article(s) from Lee, Hyo-Jun

Recent advances in the cleavage of non-activated amides

Eun-Sol Choi and
Hyo-Jun Lee

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2026, 22, 352–369, doi:10.3762/bjoc.22.23

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Graphical Abstract

Scheme 1: a) Resonance structure of amide. b) Concept of twisted amides. c) Transition-metal-catalyzed activa...

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Scheme 2: Esterification of amides catalyzed by CeO₂.

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Scheme 3: Hydrolysis of amides catalyzed by Nb₂O₅.

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Scheme 4: Manganese-catalyzed esterification of tertiary amides.

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Scheme 5: Tungsten-catalyzed transamidation of hindered tertiary amides.

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Scheme 6: Palladium-catalyzed transamidation of amides.

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Scheme 7: Synthesis of benzyl esters via electrophilic activation of amides using DPT-BM.

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Scheme 8: Esterification of amides promoted by SO₂F₂.

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Scheme 9: α-Fluorinative cleavage of pyrrolidine-based tertiary amides via double electrophilic activation wi...

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Scheme 10: Esterification of primary amides using TCCA via the generation of RCONCl₂.

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Scheme 11: Esterification of amides via electrophilic activation with Me₂SO₄.

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Scheme 12: HBF₄-mediated esterification of amides.

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Scheme 13: Synthesis of 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl esters via electrophilic esterification of amide promoted by 67.

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Scheme 14: Electrochemical activation of C–N bonds for esterification.

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Scheme 15: Catalyst- and reagent-free transamidation of amide using aniline hydrochloride salt.

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Scheme 16: CO₂-catalyzed transamidation of amides.

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Scheme 17: Transamidation of formamides using cyclic dihydrogen tetrametaphosphate.

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Scheme 18: BF₃·OEt₂-mediated transamidation of primary amides.

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Scheme 19: Acyl iodide intermediate 121 generation from amides for the transamidation using HOTf and KI.

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Scheme 20: Esterification of N,N-dimethyl amides via electrophilic generation of acyl iodide intermediates.

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Scheme 21: Transamidation of DMAc promoted by KOt-Bu.

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Scheme 22: a) LiHMDS-mediated transamidation of tertiary amides. b) Computed reactivities of selected amides. ...

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Scheme 23: Zn-catalyzed chemoselective cleavage of amides directed by tert-butyl nicotinate.

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Scheme 24: Chemoselective cleavage of N-PMB anilide for transamidation via acyl fluoride 194 generation. a) Cu...

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Review

Published 19 Feb 2026

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