Antiviral therapy in shrimp through plant virus VLP containing VP28 dsRNA against WSSV

• Santiago Ramos-Carreño,
• Ivone Giffard-Mena,
• Jose N. Zamudio-Ocadiz,
• Alfredo Nuñez-Rivera,
• Ricardo Valencia-Yañez,
• Jaime Ruiz-Garcia,
• Maria Teresa Viana and
• Ruben D. Cadena-Nava

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 1360–1373, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.95

• degradation of antiviral RNA molecules. The present work demonstrates that VLPs (virus-like particles) allow efficient delivery of dsRNAi as antiviral therapy in shrimp. In particular, VLPs derived from a virus that infects plants, such as cowpea chlorotic mottle virus (CCMV), in which the capsid protein (CP

• applied to pathogen control in shrimp and also other organisms, widening the application window in nanomedicine. Keywords: antiviral therapy; CCMV; oral administration; P. vannamei; plant VLPs; RNAi; VP28; white spot syndrome virus; Introduction The white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) is recognized as one

• attractive, since any zoonotic possibility is eliminated, being biocompatible and biodegradable [34][36][37]. Its structure presents advantages over other synthetic nanomaterials, as it is simple and easy to purify for large scale production [34][37][38]. The plant virus cowpea chlorotic mottle virus (CCMV

Molecular basis for protein–protein interactions

• Brandon Charles Seychell and
• Tobias Beck

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2021, 17, 1–10, doi:10.3762/bjoc.17.1

• more complicated systems, such as in cowpea chlorotic mottle virus (CCMV), the viral capsid is made up of different assembly units. In vivo, viral nucleic acids may serve as biological scaffold to attract free assembly units [84] and organise on the surface [85]. Assembly with viral RNA present can be

• cooperativity, whereas as a value greater than 1000 represents a high cooperativity, with the assembly occurring in two steps. CCMV shows a low cooperativity, and thus assembles gradually [87]. In contrast, HBV binds to RNA with a high cooperativity, resulting in a quantified assembly [88]. These results show

• containers [90]. CCMV was the first icosahedral viral capsid to be disassembled and reassembled in vitro [91]. The CCMV capsid can be reassembled into empty capsids as well as into different conformations, such as disks, rods, tubes, and multiwalled capsids by using different scaffolds [92]. In these cases