Spatial effects in polymer chemistry
Polymer chemistry is currently one the most important areas of research in organic and materials chemistry. In the last 100 years, macromolecular substances have occupied a significant place in our daily lives. Whole periods are named after the materials, for example, the Stone Age the Bronze Age or Iron Age. From this point of view, we are in the middle of the Plastic Age.
However, many problems remain to be faced by the changing society. Hereby is the synthesis and modification of polymers an important part of the development of modern materials. For a targeted further development a strong view on the spatial effects at the molecular level is essential.
This is the main subject of this Thematic Series.
- Full Research Paper
- Published 14 Nov 2016
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Figure 1: Structures of used monomers and the time-conversion plot of the corresponding free-radical polymeri...
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Scheme 1: Stereospecific propagation of chiral MLA illustrating the triade formation [15].
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Figure 2: Plot of log Pn versus log [In] of the polymerization of MLA with different mol % AIBN.
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Scheme 2: Postulated mechanism of the self-initiation of MLA.
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Figure 3: DFT-calculated C–C binding length (yellow) of (A) MLA and (B) the corresponding radical.
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Figure 4: IR spectra of (A) MLA and of (B) poly(MLA) prepared by the self-initiated polymerization at 70 °C.
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Figure 5: Conversion plot of the polymerization of MLA in 1,4-dioxane and DMF (cMLA = 1.8 mol L−1, cAIBN = 1....
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Figure 6: UV–vis spectra of the reaction mixture with DPPH radical at the beginning (violet line, 0.23 mM) of...
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Figure 7: Copolymer composition curves for the systems MLA with styrene and MMA.
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Figure 8: 1H NMR spectrum of MLA with 1 equiv of thioacetic acid and 0.15 equivalents of an inhibitor 4-metho...
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Scheme 3: Mechanism of RAFT polymerization [24].
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Figure 9: Structures of used RAFT agents examined in the polymerization of MLA.
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Figure 10: A) Kinetic plot for the RAFT copolymerization of MLA and DMA for the ratio 90/10 employing EMP. B) ...
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- Published 27 Feb 2017
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Scheme 1: Top: Overview of the synthesized crosslinkers 1–6 and their correlation to each other via formal re...
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Scheme 2: Synthetic pathways to structurally related compounds 1–6.
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Scheme 3: Byproducts 8a and 9a.
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Scheme 4: Synthetic pathways towards the planned cis-intermediate 19.
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Scheme 5: Comparison of structural elements of 1–6 in the 1H NMR spectra (400 MHz).
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Figure 1: Refractive indices (RI) and viscosities (η) of crosslinkers 1–6 (* solid at room temperature).
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Figure 2: Exemplary photo-DSC plots for the curing of 1 and 3–6 at 37 °C.
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Figure 3: tmax for the curing of 1 and 3–6 at 37 °C (* no polymerization heat detected).
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Figure 4: Rp, max for the curing of 1–6 at 37 °C for a) top: ∆Hp of allyl groups = 87.5 kJ·mol−1 and b) botto...
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Figure 5: Polymerization heat, ∆Hp for the curing of 1–6 at 37 °C (* no polymerization heat detected).
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Figure 6: FTIR spectra of 1–6 before (top) and after (bottom) curing; the arrows indicate emerging, character...
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Scheme 6: Proposed reaction pathways for the intramolecular propagation within 1.
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Figure 7: Flexural strength (FS) and E-modulus of cured crosslinkers 1–6; letters refer to statistical groups...
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- Full Research Paper
- Published 18 May 2017
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Figure 1: Interaction of a shape-persistent CD polymer with ditopic guests.
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Figure 2: Schematic representation of tip and surface modifications realized in this study (bottom). Blue lin...
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Scheme 1: Synthesis of the CD polymer. a) conc. HNO3, reflux, 6 d; b) tert-butanol, cat. H2SO4, MgSO4, CH2Cl2...
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Figure 3: Absorption spectra of monomer 7 (solid red line) and polymer 8 (solid blue line) in water. Emission...
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Figure 4: Positive linear MALDI–TOF spectrum of polymer 8 using HABA/TMG2 matrix.
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Figure 5: SANS data for polymer 8 and fit by cylindrical model (solid line).
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Scheme 2: Ditopic and monotopic guest molecules.
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Figure 6: Solubility of polymer 8 in the presence of ditopic connector 9 (black graph) and 1-aminoadamantane ...
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Scheme 3: Synthesis of amino functionalized polymer 12.
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Figure 7: Characteristic force curves recorded during retraction of the AFM tip from the surface. Four functi...
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Figure 8: Graphical summary of experimental results for the four configurations of CD attachment introduced i...
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Figure 9: (a) Detail of the end of a force curve for a polymer-functionalized tip retracted from a polymer-fu...
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Figure 10: Characteristic result of a friction experiment for a polymer-functionalized tip sliding on a surfac...
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- Published 03 Jul 2017
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Scheme 1: Synthesis route of RAMEB based statistical polyrotaxane.
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Figure 1: (a) GPC trace of the polyHEMA-co-polyisoprene polyrotaxane 1 and (b) 500 MHz 1H NMR and DOSY spectr...
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Scheme 2: Schematic representation of the synthetic procedure for the preparation of randomly methylated β-CD...
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Figure 2: (a) GPC traces of the macroCTA 5 (solid line) and the poly(TRIS-AAm)-b-polyisoprene-b-poly(TRIS-AAm...
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- Published 05 Jul 2017
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Scheme 1: Ionizing radiation reactions in the Fricke dosimeter.
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Figure 1: Structure of xylenol orange.
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Scheme 2: Sulfuric acid/urea promoted synthesis of LMG.
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Figure 2: Aliphatic diisocyantes HMDI, HDI, IPDI.
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Figure 3: Absorption spectrum of irradiated leucomalachite green.
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Figure 4: 3D dosimeters fabricated in our lab for a variety of radiation therapies. Top left a head dosimeter...
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Figure 5: OCT scanner used in our lab to create 3D images.
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- Full Research Paper
- Published 16 Aug 2017
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Figure 1: (a) Schematic illustration of the synthesis route of carbon coated TiO2 nanoparticles. (Left) in si...
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Figure 2: a) Size-exclusion chromatography of P1A (blue), P2A (black) and P3A (red) and b) size-exclusion chr...
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Figure 3: 1H NMR spectrum of P1, P2 and P3, all measured in DMSO-d6. In blue the spectrum of the PIL block is...
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Figure 4: a) TGA measurement of the particles coated with block copolymer and particles coated with carbon, m...
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Figure 5: PXRD pattern of carbon-coated TiO2 particles.
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Figure 6: TEM images of the carbon coated TiO2 nanoparticles.
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