A scanning probe microscopy study of nanostructured TiO2/poly(3-hexylthiophene) hybrid heterojunctions for photovoltaic applications
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2087–2096. doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.197
Supporting Information
| Supporting Information File 1:
Supporting Information.
Figure S1 shows a FM-AFM height image obtained in UHV astride the step from a nanostructured TiO2/P3HT-COOH HHJ to the ITO electrode lying below. The applied DC sample bias was varied during the measurement, without illumination. This result aims at demonstrating the absence of floating potential across the layer composing the sample. Figure S2 shows the superimposition of FM-KPFM height and Vcpd profiles over a nanostructured TiO2 film obtained in UHV and recorded with and without illumination. The result aimed at demonstrating the absence of light-induced artefact during the recording of topography, as well as the negligibility of the photovoltaic effect at the TiO2/ITO interface. |
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Philippe Leclère, Rüdiger Berger, Benjamin Grévin and Yi Zhang
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Figure 1: Schematic illustration of the preparation of variable-size gold nanoparticle arrays on top of a sil...
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Figure 3: TEM images and Raman spectra after: (A–C) 25 keV He+ irradiation with a fluence of 1018 ions/cm2 (D...
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Figure 4: Nuclear and electronic energy loss as a function of sample thickness for a) He+ and b) Ne+ irradiat...
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Figure 5: Sputter yield a) at the top, and b) at the bottom of the sample as a function of fluence for Ne irr...
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Figure 6: Backscatter yield as a function of gold thickness for He and Ne irradiation of a 30 nm carbon film ...
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Figure 1: XRD patterns of the purified diatomite and the prepared diatomite-supported composites.
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Figure 2: FTIR spectra of the purified diatomite and prepared diatomite-supported composites.
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Figure 4: TEM images of (a) Fe3O4/diatomite, (b, c) MnO2/Fe3O4/diatomite and (d) HRTEM image of MnO2/Fe3O4/di...
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Figure 10: Active dopant concentration depth profiles as extracted by DHE measurements from 11 nm thick SOI wa...
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Figure 1: A circular ZNW cantilever exposed to a force P at the free end.
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Figure 2: Nonlinearity as a result of carrier drift for n0 = 1.0·1023m−3 as a function of the end force P. a)...
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Figure 3: Carrier distribution in the ZNW cross section for P = 50, 60, 70 and 80 nN.
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![[Graphic 46]](/bjnano/content/inline/2190-4286-9-183-i59.svg?max-width=637&scale=1.18182)
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Figure 1: The simulation box.
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Figure 2: Atomic charges for nanopores HH (top), NHH (middle) and NN (bottom). The charges of the remaining c...
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Figure 3: The influence of water on the number of methane and nitrogen molecules passing through an HH nanopo...
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Figure 4: The average number of water molecules as a function of the distance of Ow atoms from the center of ...
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Figure 5: The influence of water on the number of methane and nitrogen molecules passing through an NHH nanop...
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Figure 7: The influence of water on the number of methane and nitrogen molecules passing through NN nanopore.
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Figure 8: The number of water molecules plotted as a function of the distance of Ow atoms from the center of ...
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Figure 9: Radial distribution function of Ow–Ow pairs and the cumulative number of water molecules for the NN...
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Figure 12: The temperature effect on the number of water molecules as a function of the distance of Ow atoms f...
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Figure 1: Three-stage model of CNW growth (adapted from Kondo and co-workers) [18].
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Figure 2: Schematic diagram of ICP-PECVD plasma source.
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Figure 3: SEM images. Sampe 1 deposited at 350 °C and 0 V bias voltage: nanorods; sample 2 deposited at 350 °...
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Figure 4: SEM images. Sample 3 deposited at 425 °C and −30 V bias voltage: straight CNWs; sample 2 deposited ...
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Figure 5: Growth zones of CNW growth: nanorods (low energies), thorny structures and straight CNWs (medium en...
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Figure 6: Growth zones on different substrate materials as a function of substrate temperature and bias volta...
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Figure 7: Typical Raman spectra and the ID/IG ratios for a) nanorods, b) thorny CNWs, c) straight CNWs and d)...
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Figure 8: ID/IG ratio as a function of the mean wall length of the straight and the curled CNWs on a) stainle...
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Figure 9: Heights of CNWs as a function of process parameters and substrate material.
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Figure 10: a) SEM image of the curled CNWs and corresponding b) carbon and c) aluminium mappings, as measured ...
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Figure 11: EDX spectrum of CNWs on stainless steel (Fe, Cr). Besides carbon and aluminium, oxygen can be found...
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- Full Research Paper
- Published 28 Jun 2018
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Scheme 1: Synthesis of REF3-NPs or RE-NPs from the rare-earth metal amidinates RE(amd)3 and Eu(dpm)3 by micro...
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Figure 1: TEM images and particle size histogram (from 128 particles) of 1.0 wt % ErF3-NPs in [BMIm][BF4] fro...
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Figure 2: PXRD and SAED (ErF3 reference peaks in red from COD 4030804, orthorhombic structure with space grou...
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Figure 3: EDX of 1.0 wt % ErF3-NPs in [BMIm][BF4] from Er(amd)3.
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Figure 4: Overview and HR-XPS of 1.0 wt % ErF3-NPs in [BMIm][BF4] from Er(amd)3. The red and green bars are a...
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Figure 5: Cyclic voltammetry of a half-cell with ErF3 as working electrode and lithium foil as counter electr...
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Figure 6: TEM images and particle size histogram of 1.0 wt % Gd-NPs in [BMIm][NTf2] from Gd(amd)3.
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Figure 7: SAED (Gd reference peaks in red from COD 1522526, cubic crystal system with space group Im−3m) and ...
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Figure 8: Overview and HR-XPS of 1.0 wt % Gd-NPs in [BMIm][NTf2] from Gd(amd)3. The red and green bars are a ...
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Figure 9: TEM images, particle-size histogram and EDX of 1.0 wt % Gd-NPs in PC from Gd(amd)3.
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Figure 10: HR-XPS of 1.0 wt % Gd-NPs in PC from Gd(amd)3. The red and green bars are a guide to the eye on the...
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- Published 27 Jun 2018
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Figure 1: TEM image of the as deposited Hf nanoparticles with mean sizes of (diameter × height) a) 16 nm × 15...
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Figure 2: HRTEM image of a Hf nanoparticle showing a distinct core–shell structure: In the core area lattice ...
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Figure 3: X-ray pattern of hafnium NPs on Si substrate synthesized for different aggregation-zone lengths D =...
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Figure 4: a) Bright-field TEM image of Hf nanoparticles; b) 3D geometric model of the truncated hexagonal bip...
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Figure 5: TEM showing the morphology of Hf NPs deposited at different substrate voltages Vs: a) Vs = 0 kV; th...
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Figure 6: SEM images of Hf NPs film formed with energetic deposition and substrate bias: a) Vs = 2 kV; b,c) Vs...
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Figure 7: HRTEM characterization of Hf NTFs formed with energetic Hf NPs deposition and substrate bias: a) Vs...
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Figure 8: X-ray pattern of Hf NTFs deposited at different substrate voltages Vs = 0, 2 and 4.5 kV.
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Figure 9: Dependence of hardness (H) and elastic modulus (E) of Hf NTFs as functions of the substrate voltage ...
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Figure 10: a) HRTEM image showing partial coalescence of Hf NPs deposited at a substrate bias of Vs = 2 kV; b)...
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Figure 11: Scanning electron microscopy image of 3D patterns composed of Hf NPs deposited at a substrate volta...
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Figure 12: Schematic of the inert-gas condensation system used for nanoparticle growth.
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- Published 25 Jun 2018
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Figure 1: Top-view schematic of the four μ4pp electrodes landed on (a) a single fin and (b) two fins. The ele...
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Figure 2: (a) Measured fin resistance Rfin as a function of fin width Wfin on isolated (triangle) and dense (...
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Figure 3: (a) TEM image of four ca. 20 nm wide Si fins where the measured Rfin is indicated on top of each fi...
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