Nanotechnological approaches for efficient N2B delivery: from small-molecule drugs to biopharmaceuticals

• Selin Akpinar Adscheid,
• Akif E. Türeli,
• Nazende Günday-Türeli and
• Marc Schneider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1400–1414, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.113

• [77]. In addition to biopolymers, synthetic biodegradable and biocompatible polymers such as poly(lactic acid) (PLA) and poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA), which are approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for human administration [78] are relevant options. Extensive testing has been

• lipid NPs (SLNs) are prepared from lipids that are solid at room temperature, which are then stabilized by surfactants [100]. While both liposomes and SLNs are considered biocompatible and biodegradable, SLNs provide increased stability because of their rigid core [101]. Nevertheless, SLNs suffer from

Nanoarchitectonics with cetrimonium bromide on metal nanoparticles for linker-free detection of toxic metal ions and catalytic degradation of 4-nitrophenol

• Akash Kumar and
• Raja Gopal Rayavarapu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1312–1332, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.106

• the increased release of pollutants into the environment, causing health concerns to humans. Untreated industrial effluents are released, and most heavy metal ions accumulate in water higher than the permissible limits, pollute drinking water, and are non-biodegradable. Heavy metal ions are

Synthesis, characterization and anticancer effect of doxorubicin-loaded dual stimuli-responsive smart nanopolymers

• Ömür Acet,
• Pavel Kirsanov,
• Burcu Önal Acet,
• Inessa Halets-Bui,
• Dzmitry Shcharbin,
• Şeyda Ceylan Cömert and
• Mehmet Odabaşı

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1189–1196, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.96

• durations. While numerous biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles derived from proteins or polysaccharides have been studied for drug delivery and controlled drug release in the recent past, the emphasis of research has now turned towards synthetic polymers, resulting in significant advancements in this field

Recent updates in applications of nanomedicine for the treatment of hepatic fibrosis

• Damai Ria Setyawati,
• Fransiska Christydira Sekaringtyas,
• Riyona Desvy Pratiwi,
• A’liyatur Rosyidah,
• Rohimmahtunnissa Azhar,
• Nunik Gustini,
• Gita Syahputra,
• Idah Rosidah,
• Etik Mardliyati,
• Tarwadi and
• Sjaikhurrizal El Muttaqien

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1105–1116, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.89

• FDA-approved biodegradable polymer. The R406-PLGA NPs (particle size of 159.7 nm) showed a significant downregulation of major inflammatory markers (CCL2, IL-1α, and IL-6) in vitro in murine bone marrow-derived macrophages. In an in vivo experiment using a methionine and choline-deficient (MCD) mouse

• upon daily systemic administration through the intraperitoneal route in mice [54]. Another polymeric platform to improve the bioavailability of curcumin was developed through simple nanoemulsification using biodegradable polylactide–poly(ethylene glycol) (PLA-PEG) copolymer NPs [55]. Besides reversing

Unveiling the potential of alginate-based nanomaterials in sensing technology and smart delivery applications

• Shakhzodjon Uzokboev,
• Khojimukhammad Akhmadbekov,
• Ra’no Nuritdinova,
• Salah M. Tawfik and
• Yong-Ill Lee

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1077–1104, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.88

• applications. Biodegradable and bioabsorbable polymers are an excellent choice for a variety of innovative drug delivery systems (DDSs). Biopolymers are also used in cutting-edge scientific applications such as gene expression, tissue engineering, smart drug delivery, and biosensors [11][19]. Modern medicine

• body, as they are antimicrobial, biodegradable, and non-toxic [22]. Biopolymeric nanoparticles are a very effective material for producing biosensors. In today’s world, people need sensors to monitor various types of pollution. Food contamination with infectious microorganisms or air and water

• agriculture, medicine, food packaging, and DDSs [68]. One of the advantages of using alginate-based nanoparticles is their biocompatibility. These nanoparticles are made from nontoxic and biodegradable polymers, making them safe to use in various applications [69]. Another advantage is their low cost, as

Entry of nanoparticles into cells and tissues: status and challenges

• Kirsten Sandvig,
• Tore Geir Iversen and
• Tore Skotland

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1017–1029, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.83

• excretion. Finally, we discuss requirements for bringing NPs into clinical use and aspects when it comes to usage of complex and slowly degraded or nondegradable NPs. Keywords: biodegradable; biodistribution; endocytosis; extracellular vesicles; nanomedicine; nanoparticles; Introduction Nanoparticles (NPs

Electrospun nanofibers: building blocks for the repair of bone tissue

• Tuğrul Mert Serim,
• Gülin Amasya,
• Tuğba Eren-Böncü,
• Ceyda Tuba Şengel-Türk and
• Ayşe Nurten Özdemir

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 941–953, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.77

• , and to release these factors in a controlled manner [33]. (iii) Their non-toxic and biodegradable structures ensure that they are compatible with the body. These properties also allow for the delivery of a wide range of active molecules such as antibiotics [34]. (iv) The possibility to functionalize

Electrospun polysuccinimide scaffolds containing different salts as potential wound dressing material

• Veronika Pálos,
• Krisztina S. Nagy,
• Rita Pázmány,
• Krisztina Juriga-Tóth,
• Bálint Budavári,
• Judit Domokos,
• Dóra Szabó,
• Ákos Zsembery and
• Angela Jedlovszky-Hajdu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 781–796, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.65

• of Medical Microbiology, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad tér 4, 1089, Budapest, Hungary Department of Oral Biology, Semmelweis University, Nagyvárad tér 4, 1089, Budapest, Hungary 10.3762/bjnano.15.65 Abstract In this research, we applied electrospinning to create a two-component biodegradable

• ], biocompatible, and biodegradable polymer. Based on the literature, it is extensively researched for biomedical applications [21][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43]. It is also known that PSI turns into polyaspartic acid (PASP) at physiological conditions, which is a degradable biomaterial [24][25][36

Classification and application of metal-based nanoantioxidants in medicine and healthcare

• Nguyen Nhat Nam,
• Nguyen Khoi Song Tran,
• Tan Tai Nguyen,
• Nguyen Ngoc Trai,
• Nguyen Phuong Thuy,
• Hoang Dang Khoa Do,
• Nhu Hoa Thi Tran and
• Kieu The Loan Trinh

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 396–415, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.36

• et al. demonstrated that biodegradable Mg scaffolds have shown promise in promoting vascular regeneration [188]. In brief, the use of metal-based nanomaterials in CVD treatment encompasses a range of innovative approaches from targeted drug delivery using NPs to the development of advanced metallic

Nanomedicines against Chagas disease: a critical review

• Maria Jose Morilla,
• Kajal Ghosal and
• Eder Lilia Romero

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 333–349, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.30

• mammalian cells [33][34][35][36][37][38]. However, orally administered nanomedicines do not cross the intact gastrointestinal epithelium and would never be uptaken by target cells, except enterocytes. During gastrointestinal transit, biodegradable nanoparticles are degraded or not absorbed, leaving only

Vinorelbine-loaded multifunctional magnetic nanoparticles as anticancer drug delivery systems: synthesis, characterization, and in vitro release study

• Zeynep Özcan and
• Afife Binnaz Hazar Yoruç

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 256–269, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.24

• of passive targeting in magnetic fields for photothermal cancer therapy, with PDA holds great promise for future applications. Therefore, surface modification with PDA is recognized as a favorable alternative for enhancing the biocompatibility of non-biodegradable substances. A study focused on

Nanocarrier systems loaded with IR780, iron oxide nanoparticles and chlorambucil for cancer theragnostics

• Phuong-Thao Dang-Luong,
• Hong-Phuc Nguyen,
• Loc Le-Tuan,
• Xuan-Thang Cao,
• Vy Tran-Anh and
• Hieu Vu Quang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 180–189, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.17

• delivery system. The delivery system is comprised of three components: the carrier, the imaging agent, and the therapeutic drug, all of which need clinical approval before being used in humans. Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) is an approved biodegradable and biocompatible material for clinical use [1

• ], mannose for the mannose receptor on activated macrophages [6][7], and folic acid for the overexpression of the folate receptor on the surface of cancer cells and activated macrophages [8]. Thus, in this study, PLGA was chosen for NP formulation since it is a biocompatible and biodegradable material

• diagnoses, including tumor-targeted drug delivery, hyperthermia, photodynamic therapy, and imaging. Nanomedicines can be made from a variety of inert, biodegradable, and in vivo biocompatible materials. Poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) is one of the most biodegradable and biocompatible copolymers owing to its

Curcumin-loaded nanostructured systems for treatment of leishmaniasis: a review

• Douglas Dourado,
• Thayse Silva Medeiros,
• Éverton do Nascimento Alencar,
• Edijane Matos Sales and
• Fábio Rocha Formiga

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 37–50, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.4

• impact specific drug release kinetics and increase biocompatibility [60]. Different biodegradable polymers have been used for the development of targeted PNPs for the treatment of leishmaniasis [102]. In this scenario, chitosan is an interesting polymer for NP synthesis due to its positive charge, which

Nanotechnological approaches in the treatment of schistosomiasis: an overview

• Lucas Carvalho,
• Michelle Sarcinelli and
• Beatriz Patrício

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 13–25, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.2

• vitro and in vivo models. Finally, the author discusses the possibility that the nanoformulation could be used to treat cases of schistosomiasis in the brain due to its smaller size [40]. Nevertheless, it is noteworthy that oral administration of biodegradable nanoparticles, such as conventional

• , and topical routes, and they are biodegradable, biocompatible, and non-immunogenic [45]. Moreover, they improve the therapeutic performance of the drug by protecting it from the biological environment and restricting effects to target cells, thereby reducing the clearance of the drug [45]. Drugs for

Curcumin-loaded albumin submicron particles with potential as a cancer therapy: an in vitro study

• Nittiya Suwannasom,
• Netsai Sriaksorn,
• Chutamas Thepmalee,
• Krissana Khoothiam,
• Ausanai Prapan,
• Hans Bäumler and
• Chonthida Thephinlap

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1127–1140, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.93

• be a more attractive biomaterial because of its various advantages such as non-toxic, non-immunogenic, biodegradable, and biocompatible properties, as well as long-term storage stability. In addition to these aspects, it is an abundant, renewable, and cheap resource that is easy to scale up for

• to enhance the biological properties and improve cellular uptake of the MPs. The cellular uptake was also measured by fluorescence microscopy as shown in Supporting Information File 1, Figure S1. Conclusion Biodegradable albumin submicron particles were successfully loaded with CUR into protein

Antibody-conjugated nanoparticles for target-specific drug delivery of chemotherapeutics

• Mamta Kumari,
• Amitabha Acharya and
• Praveen Thaggikuppe Krishnamurthy

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 912–926, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.75

• conditions for coupling. Shi et al. developed a polymeric nanoparticle system using biodegradable graft copolymers of (poly(TMCC-co-LA)-g-PEG-furan) to conjugate anti-HER2 antibodies through a Diels–Alder reaction. They used furan groups (diene), which are accessible for reaction with antibodies

Silver nanoparticles loaded on lactose/alginate: in situ synthesis, catalytic degradation, and pH-dependent antibacterial activity

• Nguyen Thi Thanh Tu,
• T. Lan-Anh Vo,
• T. Thu-Trang Ho,
• Kim-Phuong T. Dang,
• Van-Dung Le,
• Phan Nhat Minh,
• Chi-Hien Dang,
• Vinh-Thien Tran,
• Van-Su Dang,
• Tran Thi Kim Chi,
• Hieu Vu-Quang,
• Radek Fajgar,
• Thi-Lan-Huong Nguyen,
• Van-Dat Doan and
• Thanh-Danh Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 781–792, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.64

• ionotropic gelation utilizing the biodegradable saccharides lactose (Lac) and alginate (Alg). The lactose reduced silver ions to form AgNPs. The crystallite structure of the nanocomposite AgNPs@Lac/Alg, with a mean size of 4–6 nm, was confirmed by analytical techniques. The nanocomposite exhibited high

Conjugated photothermal materials and structure design for solar steam generation

• Chia-Yang Lin and
• Tsuyoshi Michinobu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 454–466, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.36

• ][49][50]. In 2021, Zou et al. developed a biodegradable and sustainable bilayer composite for highly efficient solar evaporation based on a photothermally enhanced arginine-doped polydopamine (APDA) and raw wood [47]. In this study, APDA coatings with enhanced photothermal effects were prepared by

Quercetin- and caffeic acid-functionalized chitosan-capped colloidal silver nanoparticles: one-pot synthesis, characterization, and anticancer and antibacterial activities

• Akif Hakan Kurt,
• Elif Berna Olutas,
• Fatma Avcioglu,
• Hamza Karakuş,
• Mehmet Ali Sungur,
• Cansu Kara Oztabag and
• Muhammet Yıldırım

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 362–376, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.31

• has raised great interest in the preparation of nanoparticles owing to its biodegradable, biocompatible, and non-toxic properties, as well as the free amino groups, which are very suitable to produce strong complexes with metals [15][16]. Quercetin (3,3',4',5,7-pentahydroxyflavone) is a flavonoid

Polymer nanoparticles from low-energy nanoemulsions for biomedical applications

• Santiago Grijalvo and
• Carlos Rodriguez-Abreu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 339–350, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.29

• should be biocompatible, preferentially biodegradable, and with the capacity for proper encapsulation and release of the drug payload. It is also desired that the matrix surface contains reactive or charged groups that facilitate functionalization by covalent or electrostatic bonding. Herein, we review

• -co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) is a biodegradable polymer that decomposes by hydrolysis into non-toxic and easily metabolized monomers, namely lactic and glycolic acid. It is approved by FDA and EMA [23][48]. Biodegradable and biocompatible PLGA nanoparticles find uses as carriers for drugs, peptides

Bismuth-based nanostructured photocatalysts for the remediation of antibiotics and organic dyes

• Akeem Adeyemi Oladipo and
• Faisal Suleiman Mustafa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 291–321, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.26

• precipitation, in particular, are believed to be ineffective [4][11]. As a result of the non-biodegradable and persistent nature of the majority of organic contaminants, some physicochemical treatment techniques, such as adsorption, are ineffective in removing them from water resources [11]. Because of their

Orally administered docetaxel-loaded chitosan-decorated cationic PLGA nanoparticles for intestinal tumors: formulation, comprehensive in vitro characterization, and release kinetics

• Sedat Ünal,
• Osman Doğan and
• Yeşim Aktaş

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1393–1407, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.115

• charged mucin, decreased pH value, and increased temperature, may provide design clues for mucoadhesive polymeric nanoparticles that have a potential to exhibit higher drug release or help to alleviate colorectal tumor in colon region [11][19][20]. PLGA is a physiologically biocompatible and biodegradable

Roll-to-roll fabrication of superhydrophobic pads covered with nanofur for the efficient clean-up of oil spills

• Patrick Weiser,
• Robin Kietz,
• Marc Schneider,
• Matthias Worgull and
• Hendrik Hölscher

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1228–1239, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.102

• mechanical stability of nanofur during hot pulling is sufficient, and the sacrificial layer is not needed. Future research might show how other polymers, especially biodegradable ones, can be hot-pulled in a R2R process. Furthermore, it might be possible to produce thin nanofur without sacrificial layer

Microneedle-based ocular drug delivery systems – recent advances and challenges

• Piotr Gadziński,
• Anna Froelich,
• Monika Wojtyłko,
• Antoni Białek,
• Julia Krysztofiak and
• Tomasz Osmałek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1167–1184, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.98

• frequently because their application is difficult, they may cause visual disturbances, and the feeling of the presence of a foreign body in the eye causing discomfort of the patients [75][76]. Inserts can be divided into soluble (biodegradable or bioerodible) and insoluble (therapeutic systems) [77][78]. The

• advantage of soluble inserts is that they do not have to be removed from the eye. The rate of drug release is influenced by dissolution or erosion of the polymer matrix. Ophthalmic therapeutic systems belong to the group of non-biodegradable inserts from which the drug substance is released by diffusion at

• and the ability to form different microneedle geometries, which can be considered as an advantage. However, the manufacturing process can be complicated and the material is relatively expensive. Also, silicon is a brittle, non-compatible, and non-biodegradable material, which may cause skin irritation

Biomimetic chitosan with biocomposite nanomaterials for bone tissue repair and regeneration

• Se-Kwon Kim,
• Sesha Subramanian Murugan,
• Pandurang Appana Dalavi,
• Sebanti Gupta,
• Sukumaran Anil,
• Gi Hun Seong and
• Jayachandran Venkatesan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1051–1067, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.92

• combination of materials, growth factors, and cells [4]. Both natural and synthetic materials have been extensively studied for bone graft substitutes [5][6]. Natural biomaterials often are biocompatible, biodegradable, and less toxic to cells, whereas synthetic biomaterials have excellent mechanical strength

• of type I collagen, osteopontin, osteonectin, and osteocalcin. Chitosan mixed with different functionalized materials such as silver, magnesium oxide, and bioactive glass has aided the treatment of infected bone defects with a biodegradable behaviour at the bone defect site [44][45]. The N-(2-hydroxy