Supramolecular assembly of pentamidine and polymeric cyclodextrin bimetallic core–shell nanoarchitectures

• Alexandru-Milentie Hada,
• Nina Burduja,
• Marco Abbate,
• Claudio Stagno,
• Guy Caljon,
• Louis Maes,
• Nicola Micale,
• Massimiliano Cordaro,
• Angela Scala,
• Antonino Mazzaglia and
• Anna Piperno

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1361–1369, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.112

• concentration of Pent was 32 μM. Miltefosine was used as a reference drug. Cytotoxicity assays were performed both on primary peritoneal mouse macrophages (PMM) and human fetal lung fibroblasts (MCR-5) according to procedures previously described to assess selectivity [31]. Tamoxifen was employed as the

Biomimetic chitosan with biocomposite nanomaterials for bone tissue repair and regeneration

• Se-Kwon Kim,
• Sesha Subramanian Murugan,
• Pandurang Appana Dalavi,
• Sebanti Gupta,
• Sukumaran Anil,
• Gi Hun Seong and
• Jayachandran Venkatesan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1051–1067, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.92

• size of 113 to 143 µm. In vitro cell interaction investigations with mouse embryonic fibroblasts demonstrate the osteogenic capabilities of the scaffolds [107]. In another study, Tripathi et al. (2012) investigated the osteogenic properties of the scaffolding system composed of nanocopper–zinc

• performed using mouse embryonic fibroblasts and the increased activity on the 21st day demonstrates a favourable environment for cell development and differentiation. The in vivo investigation was conducted on two male rabbits by making two 25 mm longitudinal incisions on the right and left dorsum. The

Bioselectivity of silk protein-based materials and their bio-inspired applications

• Hendrik Bargel,
• Vanessa T. Trossmann,
• Christoph Sommer and
• Thomas Scheibel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 902–921, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.81

• [125]. Furthermore, Wendt et al. showed that naturally occurring spider dragline silk fibres from Nephila species could be processed into wovens for culturing first fibroblasts for two weeks before seeding keratinocytes on top to develop a bilayered skin model consisting of an artificial dermis and

• ]. Cell culture studies on film surfaces using Balb 3T3 fibroblasts [148], neonatal rat cardiomyocytes [162], human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) derived cardiomyocytes [150], keratinocytes, myoblasts, or neuronal cells [163] revealed that negatively eADF4(C16) and uncharged eADF4(Ω16) surfaces do

• the primary protein sequence create a material surface that allows for the growth of primary fibroblasts without further modification [167]. As mentioned above, bioselective cell adhesion could be generated by attaching or introducing binding sites, for example, peptide sequences such as RGD, for

Effects of substrate stiffness on the viscoelasticity and migration of prostate cancer cells examined by atomic force microscopy

• Xiaoqiong Tang,
• Yan Zhang,
• Jiangbing Mao,
• Yuhua Wang,
• Zhenghong Zhang,
• Zhengchao Wang and
• Hongqin Yang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 560–569, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.47

• significant polygonal shape of cells is widely believed to be associated with enhanced migration and invasion abilities. Of these, round cells spread more slowly, whereas morphologically elongated cells, due to their resemblance to fibroblasts, have prominent leading edges and retractable tails, and therefore

Micro- and nanotechnology in biomedical engineering for cartilage tissue regeneration in osteoarthritis

• Zahra Nabizadeh,
• Mahmoud Nasrollahzadeh,
• Hamed Daemi,
• Mohamadreza Baghaban Eslaminejad,
• Ali Akbar Shabani,
• Mehdi Dadashpour,
• Majid Mirmohammadkhani and
• Davood Nasrabadi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 363–389, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.31

• and increased biocompatibility when human dermal fibroblasts were seeded on the scaffold or encapsulated in the hydrogel. Incorporation of HNTs into alginate hydrogel also yielded enhanced mechanical properties and scaffold density [147]. HNTs led to a decreased water swelling ratio of alginate

Engineered titania nanomaterials in advanced clinical applications

• Padmavati Sahare,
• Paulina Govea Alvarez,
• Juan Manual Sanchez Yanez,
• Gabriel Luna-Bárcenas,
• Samik Chakraborty,
• Sujay Paul and
• Miriam Estevez

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 201–218, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.15

• improvement in the mechanical properties was observed after the incorporation of 5 wt of nano-TiO2 and a bone-like apatite structure was formed in simulated body fluid (SBF), which supported cell attachment and growth, showing the potential for bone TE applications [73]. Human gingival fibroblasts (HGFs) are

Nanogenerator-based self-powered sensors for data collection

• Yicheng Shao,
• Maoliang Shen,
• Yuankai Zhou,
• Xin Cui,
• Lijie Li and
• Yan Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 680–693, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.54

• time, providing a solution for long-term heart monitoring. Zheng et al. proposed an implantable TENG (iTENG) to realize wireless heart monitoring in vivo [28]. The iTENG is not cytotoxic. The packaging material of the iTENG showed good biocompatibility in mouse fibroblasts. The iTENG was implanted

The impact of molecular tumor profiling on the design strategies for targeting myeloid leukemia and EGFR/CD44-positive solid tumors

• Nikola Geskovski,
• Nadica Matevska-Geshkovska,
• Simona Dimchevska Sazdovska,
• Marija Glavas Dodov,
• Kristina Mladenovska and
• Katerina Goracinova

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 375–401, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.31

• , hematopoietic, which are responsible for the hematopoiesis, and mesenchymal, which produce the stromal, fat, cartilage, and bone tissue. The BM stroma contains fibroblasts, macrophages, adipocytes, osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and endothelial cells. It provides the appropriate microenvironment for efficient

The nanomorphology of cell surfaces of adhered osteoblasts

• Christian Voelkner,
• Mirco Wendt,
• Regina Lange,
• Max Ulbrich,
• Martina Gruening,
• Susanne Staehlke,
• Barbara Nebe,
• Ingo Barke and
• Sylvia Speller

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 242–256, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.20

• proteins resulting in a higher Young's modulus. The fixed ruffles exhibit an extremely low ion current error (Figure 3b), lower than that of the surrounding membrane. PFA usually increases the Young's modulus of cell surfaces, for instance, from 3.5 to 18 kPa in fibroblasts [39]. Therefore, the lower ion

Phase inversion-based nanoemulsions of medium chain triglyceride as potential drug delivery system for parenteral applications

• Eike Folker Busmann,
• Dailén García Martínez,
• Henrike Lucas and
• Karsten Mäder

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 213–224, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.16

• composition, the particle size and the in vitro toxicity to fibroblasts was investigated. Results and Discussion Influence of the salinity on the phase inversion and the formation of nanoemulsions To investigate the influence of the salinity of the aqueous phase on the incipient phase inversion and hence on

• the aqueous Kolliphor HS 15 solution to normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDF) and mouse embryonic fibroblasts (3T3) was investigated. The impact of the nanoemulsions and the surfactant solution on the cell viability of the two cell lines after 4 and 24 h is illustrated in Figure 7. The viability of

Internalization mechanisms of cell-penetrating peptides

• Ivana Ruseska and
• Andreas Zimmer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 101–123, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.10

• inversion, which they proved by detecting phosphatidylserine on the cell surface using annexin V. The formation of particle-like aggregates was also reported by Ziegler et al. [46], who investigated the uptake of fluorescently labeled HIV TAT in fibroblasts. The third mechanism used by the arginine-rich

Atomic force acoustic microscopy reveals the influence of substrate stiffness and topography on cell behavior

• Yan Liu,
• Li Li,
• Xing Chen,
• Ying Wang,
• Meng-Nan Liu,
• Jin Yan,
• Liang Cao,
• Lu Wang and
• Zuo-Bin Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2329–2337, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.223

• the cell–substrate interface are two key properties influencing cell behavior. In this paper, atomic force acoustic microscopy (AFAM) is used to investigate the influence of substrate stiffness and substrate topography on the responses of L929 fibroblasts. This combined nondestructive technique is

• substrate also regulates the cell morphology and movement. It has been observed that the fibroblasts cultured on the micropatterned film move towards stiffer surfaces in the stripe pattern, particularly at the boundaries between a stiff area and a soft area [46]. However, there are only few studies on the

Toxicity and safety study of silver and gold nanoparticles functionalized with cysteine and glutathione

• Barbara Pem,
• Igor M. Pongrac,
• Lea Ulm,
• Ivan Pavičić,
• Valerije Vrček,
• Darija Domazet Jurašin,
• Marija Ljubojević,
• Adela Krivohlavek and
• Ivana Vinković Vrček

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1802–1817, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.175

• studied in UPW and media relevant for biological experiments (i.e., EMEM + 10% FBS used as a culture media for fibroblasts and standard culture media (SCM) used for D. magna). As expected, the AuNPs did not dissolve in any of the tested media, while both CYS- and GSH-coated AgNPs released more ions in the

• significant number of late apoptotic cells, while CYS- and GSH-coated AgNPs were shown to be safer than expected. In both cases, more than 88% of fibroblasts survived the treatment with the highest dose applied (10 mg Ag L−1). As the exposure to NPs is known to induce oxidative stress in cells [75][76], ROS

• production and intracellular GSH levels were measured after 24 h incubation with the tested species. The results corroborated well with those on the number of apoptotic cells. In all cases where doses of tested induced apoptosis in fibroblasts, ROS levels were also significantly changed (Figure 4c). The ROS

Materials nanoarchitectonics at two-dimensional liquid interfaces

• Katsuhiko Ariga,
• Michio Matsumoto,
• Taizo Mori and
• Lok Kumar Shrestha

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1559–1587, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.153

Targeting strategies for improving the efficacy of nanomedicine in oncology

• Gonzalo Villaverde and
• Alejandro Baeza

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 168–181, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.16

• receptors expressed in tumoral but also in healthy cells, and the rapid uptake by the reticuloendothelial system, macrophages and supportive cells such as fibroblasts the decrease the nanocarrier concentration in the blood stream. Also, the poor penetration capacity into the tumoral mass due to strong

Biomimetic and biodegradable cellulose acetate scaffolds loaded with dexamethasone for bone implants

• Aikaterini-Rafailia Tsiapla,
• Varvara Karagkiozaki,
• Veroniki Bakola,
• Foteini Pappa,
• Panagiota Gkertsiou,
• Eleni Pavlidou and
• Stergios Logothetidis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1986–1994, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.189

• -Aldrich, Germany. N,N-Dimethylacetamide was obtained from Chem-Lab NV, Belgium. In MTT assay the cells used in this study were mice fibroblasts (L929) and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), Dulbecco’s Modifies Eagle Medium (DMEM), 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) and antibiotics were obtained from Gibco® Cell

• staining: L929 mouse fibroblasts were used to examine the cytotoxicity levels due to their properties and biological characteristics (biological responses and reproducible growth rates). The samples were placed inside a well-plate and 1 mL of medium was added and the whole system was left in the incubator

• the synthesis of some proteins that are able to compromise multiple systems and inhibit growth. This might be due to the modification of other proteins that play crucial role in different cellular events. Nevertheless, cultured fibroblasts respond to glucocorticoids either with a positive or negative

Preparation of micro/nanopatterned gelatins crosslinked with genipin for biocompatible dental implants

• Reika Makita,
• Tsukasa Akasaka,
• Seiichi Tamagawa,
• Yasuhiro Yoshida,
• Saori Miyata,
• Hirofumi Miyaji and
• Tsutomu Sugaya

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1735–1754, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.165

• , or 650 nm. Additionally, Vernon et al. have reported that the depth factor of the groove also has an influence on cell orientation [34]. In this regard, human dermal fibroblasts, as well as human umbilical artery smooth muscle cells, have been reported to be not well-aligned in grooves with depths of

• attachment. Moreover, the live/dead cell viability assay demonstrated that gelatin crosslinked with genipin showed low cytotoxicity (Figure 4). The low cytotoxicity for Saos-2 cells on our gelatin patterns was in agreement with the low cytotoxicity for fibroblasts on genipin-crosslinked gelatin [66

• improvement in cell attachment, as a result of the different gelatin surface patterns, was similar to the improvement of cell attachment seen for human osteoblasts and human gingival fibroblasts on gelatin grooves, with a width of 500 nm to 2 µm, created by nanoimprint and thermal crosslinking [55]. In

Bioinspired self-healing materials: lessons from nature

• Joseph C. Cremaldi and
• Bharat Bhushan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 907–935, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.85

• the body. Inflammation initiates the innate immune response, often seen as a swelling redness as an increase in cells occurs at the site of the wound. In proliferation, fibroblasts (counterparts to the osteoblasts in hard tissue) secrete extracellular matrix, fibrinogen, and collagen to remodel tissue

Liquid-crystalline nanoarchitectures for tissue engineering

• Baeckkyoung Sung and
• Min-Ho Kim

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 205–215, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.22

• , preosteoblasts and fibroblasts, which has a potential for the treatment of spinal cord injuries [91][92]. Osteogenesis and biomineralization can be induced by using 2D substrate matrices made of M13 phages and M13-based peptide amphiphiles, which are in hierarchical nematic, cholesteric, and smectic-like

Calcium fluoride based multifunctional nanoparticles for multimodal imaging

• Marion Straßer,
• Joachim H. X. Schrauth,
• Sofia Dembski,
• Daniel Haddad,
• Bernd Ahrens,
• Stefan Schweizer,
• Bastian Christ,
• Alevtina Cubukova,
• Marco Metzger,
• Heike Walles,
• Peter M. Jakob and
• Gerhard Sextl

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1484–1493, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.148

• synthesis and determine the long-term stability of the CAs. No cytotoxicity of NP concentrations between 0.5 and 1 mg·mL−1 was observed after exposure to human dermal fibroblasts over 24 h. Overall this study shows, that the CaF2:(Tb3+,Gd3+) NPs are suitable for medical imaging. Keywords: calcium fluoride

• decreases within 2 h because of light scattering on NP agglomerates. Light-microscopy images of dispersions of stabilized and non-stabilized CaF2:(Tb3+,Gd3+) NPs in FCS-containing cell-culture medium are given in Figure S3 (Supporting Information File 1). Finally, the viability of human dermal fibroblasts

Evaluation of quantum dot conjugated antibodies for immunofluorescent labelling of cellular targets

• Jennifer E. Francis,
• David Mason and
• Raphaël Lévy

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1238–1249, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.125

• 75 cm2 flask at 37 °C with 5% CO2, minimum essential media (MEM, Life Technologies, UK) supplemented with 10% (v/v) foetal calf serum (FCS), and 1% non-essential amino acids (NEAA). Cells were split 1,000,000 cells/mL when ≥80% confluent with trypsin-EDTA. Rat mammary (Rama) 27 fibroblasts were

• using a Qdot 625 streptavidin (yellow) conjugate (Qdot-Streptavidin) and biotinylated (blue) primary antibody (D). Scale bar is 10 nm. Specific labelling of fibronectin with Qdots. Fixed rat mammary (Rama) 27 fibroblasts were dual labelled with green Alexa Fluor 488 (A) and a red Qdot 625 (B) to produce

• Bulinkski from Colombia University for the TC7 3xGFP cells and also appreciation to Professor Philip Rudland from University of Liverpool for supplying the rat mammary (Rama) 27 fibroblasts. We would like to acknowledge and thank the Liverpool Centre for Cell Imaging (CCI) for training and access to

Nano-engineered skin mesenchymal stem cells: potential vehicles for tumour-targeted quantum-dot delivery

• Liga Saulite,
• Dominyka Dapkute,
• Karlis Pleiko,
• Ineta Popena,
• Simona Steponkiene,
• Ricardas Rotomskis and
• Una Riekstina

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1218–1230, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.123

• , which could be a desirable event in targeted tumour therapy. The optimal uptake conditions for NPs could depend on the particle size, surface modifications, protein corona, and recipient cell line. Previous studies have suggested the incubation of NIH3T3 mouse fibroblasts with 16 nM QDs for 6 h as the

Uptake of the proteins HTRA1 and HTRA2 by cells mediated by calcium phosphate nanoparticles

• Olga Rotan,
• Katharina N. Severin,
• Simon Pöpsel,
• Alexander Peetsch,
• Melisa Merdanovic,
• Michael Ehrmann and
• Matthias Epple

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 381–393, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.40

• this protein family in humans are HTRA1 and HTRA2 that are both involved in tumour suppression and in the control of proliferation, migration, and neurodegeneration [31]. The HTRA1 gene (previously termed PRSS11) was initially identified in human fibroblasts [32]. Numerous experimental findings suggest

Nano- and microstructured materials for in vitro studies of the physiology of vascular cells

• Alexandra M. Greiner,
• Adria Sales,
• Hao Chen,
• Sarah A. Biela,
• Dieter Kaufmann and
• Ralf Kemkemer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1620–1641, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.155

• distance-dependence for focal contact formation and cell adhesion shown previously for other cell types (e.g., MC3T3-osteoblasts, REF52-fibroblasts, 3T3-fibroblasts, and B16-melanocytes [251]) hold also true for the two vascular cell types (ECs and SMCs) investigated [255]. A distance-dependent behavior

Multiwalled carbon nanotube hybrids as MRI contrast agents

• Nikodem Kuźnik and
• Mateusz M. Tomczyk

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1086–1103, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.102

• period, is consistent with the abovementioned toxicity studies. Cytotoxicity and hemolysis Cytotoxicity of the nanohybrids was studied on various cell types (HeLa, HEK 293, human prostate cancer cells PC3, fibroblasts and others) and a general conclusion is the dose-dependent trend. However, the

• relations are more complicated (Table 2). Maciejewska investigated oMWCNTs with different iron content (3.9, 5.8 and 12.4% Fe (m/m)) and found that HeLa cells were more viable upon treatment with the iron-poorest oMWCNT, while fibroblasts expressed the highest viability in the case of nanotubes with medium