Realizing active targeting in cancer nanomedicine with ultrasmall nanoparticles

• André F. Lima,
• Giselle Z. Justo and
• Alioscka A. Sousa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1208–1226, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.98

• . Keywords: active targeting; cancer; nanoclusters; renal clearance; ultrasmall nanoparticles; Review 1 Introduction Nanotechnology has opened new avenues for tackling unmet challenges in medicine [1][2][3]. In the field of oncology, a notable application involves the use of engineered nanoparticles (NPs

Photocatalytic methane oxidation over a TiO₂/SiNWs p–n junction catalyst at room temperature

• Qui Thanh Hoai Ta,
• Luan Minh Nguyen,
• Ngoc Hoi Nguyen,
• Phan Khanh Thinh Nguyen and
• Dai Hai Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1132–1141, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.92

• photocatalytic efficiency. For years, doping of metal nanoparticles (NPs) into a semiconductor matrix has been extensively studied to enhance photocatalytic CH4 oxidation performance. Metal NPs in, for example, Au/TiO2, Au@Pd/ZnO, and Pt@Cu/TiO2 composites act as electron scavenger centers and own more free

Recent updates in applications of nanomedicine for the treatment of hepatic fibrosis

• Damai Ria Setyawati,
• Fransiska Christydira Sekaringtyas,
• Riyona Desvy Pratiwi,
• A’liyatur Rosyidah,
• Rohimmahtunnissa Azhar,
• Nunik Gustini,
• Gita Syahputra,
• Idah Rosidah,
• Etik Mardliyati,
• Tarwadi and
• Sjaikhurrizal El Muttaqien

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1105–1116, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.89

• application of nanoscale systems with unique physicochemical properties, including small size, large specific surface area, high reactivity, and quantum effects of the nanoparticles (NPs) [1][2]. Nanomedicine is specifically designated for therapeutics (drug delivery), diagnostics, and imaging, as well as for

Unveiling the potential of alginate-based nanomaterials in sensing technology and smart delivery applications

• Shakhzodjon Uzokboev,
• Khojimukhammad Akhmadbekov,
• Ra’no Nuritdinova,
• Salah M. Tawfik and
• Yong-Ill Lee

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1077–1104, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.88

• several excellent properties that can be crucial in drug delivery, such as low cost, antioxidant and antibacterial activity, non-toxicity, biodegradability, and biocompatibility. Biopolymeric nanoparticles (NPs) can be used in DDSs, and they can protect the drugs from the adverse conditions of the

Effect of wavelength and liquid on formation of Ag, Au, Ag/Au nanoparticles via picosecond laser ablation and SERS-based detection of DMMP

• Sree Satya Bharati Moram,
• Chandu Byram and
• Venugopal Rao Soma

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1054–1069, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.86

• was meticulously evaluated by analyzing the ablation rates, surface plasmon resonance peak positions, and particle size distributions of the obtained colloids. The nanoparticles (NPs) were characterized using the techniques of UV–visible absorption, transmission electron microscopy, and energy

• implications for developing more efficient and stable SERS substrates for chemical detection applications. Keywords: dimethyl methyl phosphonate; laser material interaction; metal nanoparticles; picosecond laser ablation; SERS; thiram; Introduction Metal nanoparticles (NPs) are versatile materials widely

Entry of nanoparticles into cells and tissues: status and challenges

• Kirsten Sandvig,
• Tore Geir Iversen and
• Tore Skotland

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1017–1029, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.83

• , University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway 10.3762/bjnano.15.83 Abstract In this article we discuss how nanoparticles (NPs) of different compositions may interact with and be internalized by cells, and the consequences of that for cellular functions. A large number of NPs are made with the intention to improve

• excretion. Finally, we discuss requirements for bringing NPs into clinical use and aspects when it comes to usage of complex and slowly degraded or nondegradable NPs. Keywords: biodegradable; biodistribution; endocytosis; extracellular vesicles; nanomedicine; nanoparticles; Introduction Nanoparticles (NPs

Atomistic insights into the morphological dynamics of gold and platinum nanoparticles: MD simulations in vacuum and aqueous media

• Evangelos Voyiatzis,
• Eugenia Valsami-Jones and
• Antreas Afantitis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 995–1009, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.81

• spherical nanoparticles (NPs) upon cooling is studied through atomistic molecular dynamics simulations. The goal is to identify the morphological transformations occurring in the nanomaterials as well as to quantify their dependence on temperature, chemistry, and NP size. For diameters smaller than 3 nm

• , from medicine and engineering to the environment and energy. Because of their small size, nanoparticles (NPs) have only been discovered relatively recently, although they have been present in the environment throughout earth’s and human history, emerging from various sources including biological

Therapeutic effect of F127-folate@PLGA/CHL/IR780 nanoparticles on folate receptor-expressing cancer cells

• Thi Ngoc Han Pham,
• Phuong-Thao Dang-Luong,
• Hong-Phuc Nguyen,
• Loc Le-Tuan,
• Xuan Thang Cao,
• Thanh-Danh Nguyen,
• Vy Tran Anh and
• Hieu Vu_Quang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 954–964, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.78

• . To address these issues, many studies have attempted to encapsulate IR780 iodide in different types of nanoparticles (NPs) [23][24][25] to make use of the protective cover provided by the NPs. In addition, IR780-loaded NPs have been proven to inhibit lung metastasis when exposed to a NIR laser [24

Identification of structural features of surface modifiers in engineered nanostructured metal oxides regarding cell uptake through ML-based classification

• Indrasis Dasgupta,
• Totan Das,
• Biplab Das and
• Shovanlal Gayen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 909–924, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.75

• Indrasis Dasgupta Totan Das Biplab Das Shovanlal Gayen Laboratory of Drug Design and Discovery, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India 10.3762/bjnano.15.75 Abstract Nanoparticles (NPs) are considered as versatile tools in various fields including

• governing the cellular uptake of ENMOs. The study will direct scientists in the design of ENMOs of higher cellular uptake efficiency for better therapeutic response. Keywords: Bayesian classification; cellular uptake; machine learning; nanoparticles (NPs); Introduction In recent years, the rapid

• advancement of nanotechnology has led to the widespread utilization of engineered nanostructured metal oxides (ENMOs) in various industrial and biomedical applications [1]. Nanoparticles (NPs) are described by the International Organization for Standardization as structures characterized by one, two, or three

Elastic modulus of β-Ga₂O₃ nanowires measured by resonance and three-point bending techniques

• Annamarija Trausa,
• Sven Oras,
• Sergei Vlassov,
• Mikk Antsov,
• Tauno Tiirats,
• Andreas Kyritsakis,
• Boris Polyakov and
• Edgars Butanovs

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 704–712, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.58

• with Au nanoparticles (NPs, 100 nm of diameter, water suspension, Alfa Aesar) were positioned in a lower-temperature region 10 cm away from the furnace centre. Au NPs served as catalysts for the vapour–liquid–solid (VLS) growth mechanism. The reactor was heated to 1010 °C (high-temperature zone) under

Radiofrequency enhances drug release from responsive nanoflowers for hepatocellular carcinoma therapy

• Yanyan Wen,
• Ningning Song,
• Yueyou Peng,
• Weiwei Wu,
• Qixiong Lin,
• Minjie Cui,
• Rongrong Li,
• Qiufeng Yu,
• Sixue Wu,
• Yongkang Liang,
• Wei Tian and
• Yanfeng Meng

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 569–579, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.49

• been developed based on the abnormal physiological signals in the tumor microenvironment (TME), such as a low pH, high glutathione (GSH) levels, hypoxia, and the expression of specific enzymes [21]. Such intelligent nanoparticles (NPs) have successfully improved the solubility and distribution of CUR

Classification and application of metal-based nanoantioxidants in medicine and healthcare

• Nguyen Nhat Nam,
• Nguyen Khoi Song Tran,
• Tan Tai Nguyen,
• Nguyen Ngoc Trai,
• Nguyen Phuong Thuy,
• Hoang Dang Khoa Do,
• Nhu Hoa Thi Tran and
• Kieu The Loan Trinh

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 396–415, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.36

• , researchers have explored innovative approaches for the treatment of atherosclerosis, with a particular focus on the use of metal-based nanomaterials. The advancement of nanomedicines in CVD treatments will gain from the comprehensive understanding of the rate and extent of nanoparticles (NPs) inside the

Nanomedicines against Chagas disease: a critical review

• Maria Jose Morilla,
• Kajal Ghosal and
• Eder Lilia Romero

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 333–349, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.30

• BNZ, and their contribution is examined below. The in vitro performance of BNZ loaded into nanoparticles (Nps) is shown in Table 1. In many of these reports, formulations were tested on different parasite stages (epimastigote, trypomastigote, and amastigote), and their cytotoxicity was assessed on

Multiscale modelling of biomolecular corona formation on metallic surfaces

• Parinaz Mosaddeghi Amini,
• Ian Rouse,
• Julia Subbotina and
• Vladimir Lobaskin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 215–229, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.21

• concerns regarding the safety of nanoparticles (NPs) in relation to human and animal health. The toxicity of NPs is closely linked to their chemical aggressiveness and varies with their physicochemical properties, including surface area, charge, and reactivity. Understanding the intricate interplay between

Nanocarrier systems loaded with IR780, iron oxide nanoparticles and chlorambucil for cancer theragnostics

• Phuong-Thao Dang-Luong,
• Hong-Phuc Nguyen,
• Loc Le-Tuan,
• Xuan-Thang Cao,
• Vy Tran-Anh and
• Hieu Vu Quang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 180–189, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.17

• alcohol)-based nanoparticles (NPs) using the single emulsion technique. Then the NPs were coated with F127 and F127-folate by simple incubation for five days. The nanoparticles have the hydrodynamic size of approx. 250 nm with negative charge. Similar to chlorambucil and IR780, iron oxide loadings were

• of these systems to serve as medication and imaging agent carriers for cancer treatment and diagnostics, respectively. Keywords: cancer; chlorambucil; F127-folate; IR780; iron oxide nanoparticles; PLGA; theragnostics; Introduction Theragnostic nanoparticles (NPs) are a diagnostic and therapeutic

Fluorescent bioinspired albumin/polydopamine nanoparticles and their interactions with Escherichia coli cells

• Eloïse Equy,
• Jordana Hirtzel,
• Sophie Hellé,
• Béatrice Heurtault,
• Eric Mathieu,
• Morgane Rabineau,
• Vincent Ball and
• Lydie Ploux

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1208–1224, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.100

• of antimicrobial resistance of bacteria [5], this appears as a promising route to deliver antimicrobials while reducing the drug doses and subsequent harmful side effects in antibacterial applications. To this end, different types of ONPs have been used, such as liposomes [6] and nanoparticles (NPs

Isolation of cubic Si₃P₄ in the form of nanocrystals

• Polina K. Nikiforova,
• Sergei S. Bubenov,
• Vadim B. Platonov,
• Andrey S. Kumskov,
• Nikolay N. Kononov,
• Tatyana A. Kuznetsova and
• Sergey G. Dorofeev

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 971–979, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.80

• calculations; semiconductor nanocrystals; silicon phosphide; Introduction Advancements in electronics and related fields are calling for new ways of synthesizing compounds. Subsequently, recognizing and utilizing the special properties of nanoparticles (NPs) of new materials using emerging methods offers a

Prediction of cytotoxicity of heavy metals adsorbed on nano-TiO₂ with periodic table descriptors using machine learning approaches

• Joyita Roy,
• Souvik Pore and
• Kunal Roy

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 939–950, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.77

• metals, upon release and emission, may interact with different environmental components, which may lead to co-exposure to living organisms. Nanoscale titanium dioxide (nano-TiO2) can adsorb heavy metals. The current idea is that nanoparticles (NPs) may act as carriers and facilitate the entry of heavy

• present work manifests that ML in conjunction with periodic table descriptors can be used to explore the features and predict unknown compounds with similar properties. Keywords: heavy metals; HK-2 cell; ML algorithm; periodic table descriptors; QSAR; Introduction Nanoparticles (NPs) have gained much

Antibody-conjugated nanoparticles for target-specific drug delivery of chemotherapeutics

• Mamta Kumari,
• Amitabha Acharya and
• Praveen Thaggikuppe Krishnamurthy

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 912–926, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.75

• of nanoscale chemotherapeutics is accomplished by two different approaches, namely the exploitation of leaky tumor vasculature (EPR effect) and the surface modification of nanoparticles (NPs) with various tumor-homing peptides, aptamers, oligonucleotides, and monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). Because of

• -directed enzyme prodrug therapy, small molecule drug conjugates, and others are being investigated [2][3]. Targeted delivery with nanoparticles (NPs) has received a lot of attention because it reduces toxicity while also providing good drug compatibility and loadability. Furthermore, NPs increase drug

Silver-based SERS substrates fabricated using a 3D printed microfluidic device

• Phommachith Sonexai,
• Minh Van Nguyen,
• Bui The Huy and
• Yong-Ill Lee

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 793–803, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.65

• formation of a charge-transfer complex between chemisorbed species and matrix material, which yields enhancement when the excitation frequency resonates with a charge-transfer transition [7]. Noble metal nanoparticles (NPs) have gained much popularity in various fields, such as analytical chemistry and

Plasmonic nanotechnology for photothermal applications – an evaluation

• A. R. Indhu,
• L. Keerthana and
• Gnanaprakash Dharmalingam

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 380–419, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.33

• various material phenomena other than bandgap absorption for heat generation in nanoparticles (NPs), leading to a rapid proliferation of materials for the same. For example, organic materials undergo rapid internal relaxation by the PT effect and are often desired in cancer treatment research as they

The steep road to nonviral nanomedicines: Frequent challenges and culprits in designing nanoparticles for gene therapy

• Yao Yao,
• Yeongun Ko,
• Grant Grasman,
• Jeffery E. Raymond and
• Joerg Lahann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 351–361, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.30

• School of Polymer Science and Engineering, Chonnam National University, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, South Korea 10.3762/bjnano.14.30 Abstract The potential of therapeutically loaded nanoparticles (NPs) has been successfully demonstrated during the last decade, with NP-mediated nonviral gene delivery

• field of nonviral gene delivery. Keywords: characterization; dosage; gene delivery; uptake; transfection; Introduction Recent efforts to develop and translate therapeutically loaded nanoparticles (NPs) have resulted in several advances in the treatment and prevention of disease. Key areas where NP

Polymer nanoparticles from low-energy nanoemulsions for biomedical applications

• Santiago Grijalvo and
• Carlos Rodriguez-Abreu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 339–350, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.29

• . Representative TEM images of negatively stained nanoparticles (NPs) complexed with DNA plasmids (pVAX and pVAX-HisAK70). (A) NP 1:1. (B) NP 1:1/pVAX = 5/1. (C) NP 1:1/pVAX-HisAK70 = 10/1. (D) Zoomed region from each sample (A–C) (all scale bars represent 100 nm). Figure 5 was reprinted from [61], European

Overview of mechanism and consequences of endothelial leakiness caused by metal and polymeric nanoparticles

• Magdalena Lasak and
• Karol Ciepluch

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 329–338, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.28

• Magdalena Lasak Karol Ciepluch Division of Medical Biology, Jan Kochanowski University in Kielce, Uniwersytecka Street 7, Kielce, Poland 10.3762/bjnano.14.28 Abstract Nanoparticles (NPs) exhibit unique physicochemical properties that enable them to overcome biological barriers and to be

• whose therapeutic success depends on the effective drug delivery to the target sites through highly selective vascular barriers. A relatively new method that overcomes the endothelial barrier is the use of nanoparticles (NPs), especially different metal nanoparticles, for example, Au or Ti nanoparticles

Nanotechnology – a robust tool for fighting the challenges of drug resistance in non-small cell lung cancer

• Filip Gorachinov,
• Fatima Mraiche,
• Diala Alhaj Moustafa,
• Ola Hishari,
• Yomna Ismail,
• Jensa Joseph,
• Maja Simonoska Crcarevska,
• Marija Glavas Dodov,
• Nikola Geskovski and
• Katerina Goracinova

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 240–261, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.23

• prevention of side effects, is the theoretical rationale behind the use of designed nanoparticles (NPs) [26][27][28]. Advances in the therapeutic approaches used for overcoming NSCLC resistance Combinatorial treatments are designed with the goal of exerting additive or synergistic inhibitory effects on the