Photocatalytic degradation of ofloxacin in water assisted by TiO₂ nanowires on carbon cloth: contributions of H₂O₂ addition and substrate absorbability

• Iram Hussain,
• Lisha Zhang,
• Zhizhen Ye and
• Jin-Ming Wu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1567–1579, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.111

• unsatisfactory interaction with target contaminants diminishes photocatalytic degradation efficiency in water. Here, we present a mild solution method to precipitate anatase TiO2 nanowire arrays, measuring 1.5 μm in thickness, over carbon cloth to ensure substantial interactions with target pollutants and, in

• turn, a superior photoactivity. Compared to TiO2 nanowire arrays grown on metallic Ti substrates, TiO2 nanowires supported on carbon cloth substrates demonstrate markedly superior efficiency in the photocatalytic degradation of ofloxacin (OFL) molecules in water when exposed to UV light. The TiO2

• nanowires remove 90–97% OFL in water with a high initial concentration of 50 ppm in 6 h under UV light irradiation for up to six cycles. The contributions of the hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) additive were also studied. An enhanced efficiency could be achieved only when the H2O2 in water reaches a critical

Transient electronics for sustainability: Emerging technologies and future directions

• Jae-Young Bae,
• Myung-Kyun Choi and
• Seung-Kyun Kang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1545–1556, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.109

• environments, these devices maintain their ability to decompose through interactions with naturally occurring water and enzymes (Figure 1f) [32]. Thus, transient electronics present a compelling vision for sustainable electronics, that is, devices that fulfill their intended function and then seamlessly

• circuits, such as ring oscillators, entirely composed of water-soluble materials, supporting its applicability in future bioelectronic devices. Nevertheless, the currently known repertoire of bioresorbable semiconductors remains narrow, both in material selection and bandgap range. Expanding the library to

• protective encapsulation [37][40][82][83][84]. These encapsulation layers delay the exposure of active electronic materials to moisture, enabling precise control over operational lifetime and ensuring stable performance over the desired period. However, these materials need to simultaneously block water

Influence of laser beam profile on morphology and optical properties of silicon nanoparticles formed by laser ablation in liquid

• Natalie Tarasenka,
• Vladislav Kornev,
• Alena Nevar and
• Nikolai Tarasenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1533–1544, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.108

• laser pulses. For example, laser beams with a donut shape were used for ablating gold, yttrium oxide, and high-entropy alloy targets in water. The donut beam enabled NP size reduction and narrower size distributions [28]. Application of femtosecond Bessel beams for the ablation of silver in a liquid was

• reports on non-spherical nanostructures synthesized using different beam shapes is a work by Marappu et al [30], where a cylindrical focusing geometry was demonstrated to result in the fabrication of silver nanoribbons via picosecond laser ablation of bulk silver in doubly distilled water. Therefore

Dendrimer-modified carbon nanotubes for the removal and recovery of heavy metal ions from water

• Thao Quynh Ngan Tran,
• Huu Trung Nguyen,
• Subodh Kumar and
• Xuan Thang Cao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1522–1532, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.107

• of water bodies with heavy metal ions poses a significant threat to the environment and human health due to their non-degradable nature and toxicity. Metal-oriented industries such as battery manufacturing, mining, electroplating, and metal recycling are growing day by day, and so are the chances of

• metals from water solution [28][29][30]. However, the poor dispersibility of bare CNTs in most solvents including water is a significant limitation to their wider applicability. Covalent modification of CNT surfaces with dendrimers of desirable functionality can improve their dispersibility and binding

• and 150 °C for the unfunctionalized CNTs, which is attributed to the release of physically adsorbed water. Moreover, bare CNTs exhibited thermal stability up to 800 °C with a residual weight of 97.80% suggesting the absence of organic functional groups. In contrast, CNTs functionalized with MA and EDA

Nanomaterials for biomedical applications

• Iqra Zainab,
• Zohra Naseem,
• Syeda Rubab Batool,
• Filippo Pierini,
• Seda Kizilel and
• Muhammad Anwaar Nazeer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1499–1503, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.105

• membranes [8]. They can carry both water-soluble and fat-soluble drugs, shielding them from breaking down and extending their circulation time. Certain liposome-based drugs have already been approved for therapeutic use, especially in cancer therapy, where they may protect nearby healthy cells from toxicity

Laser processing in liquids: insights into nanocolloid generation and thin film integration for energy, photonic, and sensing applications

• Akshana Parameswaran Sreekala,
• Pooja Raveendran Nair,
• Jithin Kundalam Kadavath,
• Bindu Krishnan,
• David Avellaneda Avellaneda,
• M. R. Anantharaman and
• Sadasivan Shaji

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1428–1498, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.104

• , electrochemical/photoelectrochemical sensors, hydrogen/oxygen evolution, SERS sensors and other types of devices reported so far. The last section explains the challenges and further scope of these devices from laser-generated nanocolloids. Keywords: HER/OER/water splitting; laser synthesis of nanomaterials

• pulsed laser fragmentation of PbTe micrometer-sized powders in distilled water using a Nd:YAG laser [31]. The study examined the impact of various experimental parameters, including laser wavelength (Figure 3a), treatment duration, and output energy, on the fragmentation yield, nanoparticle size, and

• water successfully alters the surface properties of Si-ncs, making them hydrophilic and improving their dispersion in aqueous solutions, while also leading to the formation of self-organized networks. However, laser fragmentation of BaTaOxNy particles resulted not only in increased surface area but also

Photochemical synthesis of silver nanoprisms via green LED irradiation and evaluation of SERS activity

• Tuan Anh Mai-Ngoc,
• Nhi Kieu Vo,
• Cong Danh Nguyen,
• Thi Kim Xuan Nguyen and
• Thanh Sinh Do

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1417–1427, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.103

• . Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP K30) were purchased from Prolabo, Kennersburg, NJ, USA. Chemicals were used without any purification. Deionized (DI) water with a resistance of 18 MΩ·cm (Milli-Q) was used in all the experiments. All glasswares were cleaned with aqua regia before use. Synthesis of seeds A total of 10 mL of

• 0.05 M trisodium citrate (TSC), 300 µL of 0.05 M polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), 20 mL of 5 mM AgNO3, and 500 µL of 0.005 M ʟ-arginine solution were added into a beaker. Deionized water was then added to adjust the total volume of the solution to 100 mL. The mixture was magnetically stirred at 500 rpm for

• nm. Samples were diluted tenfold with deionized water prior to measurement. To determine the morphology, particle size of the synthesized nanostructures, the samples were analyzed using field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM, Hitachi S-4800, Japan) and transmission electron microscopy

The role of biochar in combating microplastic pollution: a bibliometric analysis in environmental contexts

• Tuan Minh Truong Dang,
• Thao Thu Thi Huynh,
• Guo-Ping Chang-Chien and
• Ha Manh Bui

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1401–1416, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.102

• , Ho Chi Minh City 700000, Vietnam 10.3762/bjnano.16.102 Abstract This study employs a bibliometric analysis using CiteSpace to explore research trends on the impact of biochar on microplastics (MPs) in soil and water environments. In agricultural soils, MPs reduce crop yield, alter soil properties

• sources in the environment and biota. Although MPs are produced in large quantities, effective removal techniques remain underdeveloped [5][6]. Recent studies have confirmed the widespread presence of MPs in agricultural soils and water bodies, highlighting their environmental and human health risks. In

• Indore City, India [9]. MP contamination extends to water bodies, where seasonal variations influence the distribution of MPs. In South African rivers such as Crocodile and Luvuvhu, MP concentrations in water were higher during the dry season (5.4 particles/L) than in the wet season (3.3–4.3 particles/L

Parylene-coated platinum nanowire electrodes for biomolecular sensing applications

• Chao Liu,
• Peker Milas,
• Michael G. Spencer and
• Birol Ozturk

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1392–1400, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.101

• structures [18][19][20][21]. These characteristics allow DENA to create a variety of structures for nanoscale biosensor manufacturing. Parylene-C is a polymer known for its exceptional properties, including high tensile strength, excellent electrical insulation, low water permeability, and biocompatibility

• water as a catalyst, then the final product gluconolactone was generated [28][29]. These reactions were illustrated in Scheme 2. Similarly, peaks were observed to be same during the reverse scan [29]. Based on curve shape and reaction mechanism, the peaks from the reverse curve around 50 mV were

• dopamine testing experiments, and all solutions were prepared with 18 MΩ·cm deionized water. A Gamry 1000E potentiostat was used for DPV tests, where the scan range was from −0.2 to 0.7 V, the step value was 2.0 mV, the sample period was 0.5 s, the pulse time was 0.05 s, and the pulse size was 25 mV. To

Synthesis and antibacterial properties of nanosilver-modified cellulose triacetate membranes for seawater desalination

• Lei Wang,
• Shizhe Li,
• Kexin Xu,
• Wenjun Li,
• Ying Li and
• Gang Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1380–1391, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.100

• properties. Antibacterial ring experiments revealed significant bactericidal activity against five different bacterial strains, namely, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus thuringiensis, Lysinibacillus xylanilyticus, Lysinibacillus lparviboronicapiens and Burkholderia ambifaria. Moreover, water flux and salt rejection

• . Concurrently, the consumption of freshwater in industrial and agricultural sectors is also witnessing a significant increase [1][2]. On Earth, while oceans cover approximately 75% of the surface, freshwater constitutes merely 2.5% of the total water volume [3][4][5]. Moreover, 70% of these freshwater resources

• are located in glaciers, the atmosphere, and soil; rendering them difficult to access and utilize [5][6][7]. To tackle the challenge of clean water scarcity, desalination of seawater or brackish water have emerged as effective solutions [1][8][9]. According to the literature, desalination technologies

Enhancing the therapeutical potential of metalloantibiotics using nano-based delivery systems

• Alejandro Llamedo,
• Marina Cano,
• Raquel G. Soengas and
• Francisco J. García-Alonso

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1350–1366, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.98

• enabling controlled release and selective accumulation at the infection site, as well as facilitating the delivery of antibiotics to intracellular bacterial reservoirs [54][55]. Altogether, these advantages contribute to enhanced therapeutic efficacy, improved solubility of poorly water-soluble compounds

• interface or within imperfections of the solid core [74]. Despite their advantages, SLNs face certain challenges, such as limited drug loading capacity due to the crystalline structure of the solid lipid matrix, risks of drug leakage during storage, and a relatively high water content in the formulation [73

• presence of polar silanol groups, which enhance stability and the ability to absorb water. These properties make them excellent carriers for bioactive molecules, providing efficient encapsulation and controlled release. SiNPs can be engineered to release their payloads in response to specific stimuli

Deep-learning recognition and tracking of individual nanotubes in low-contrast microscopy videos

• Vladimir Pimonov,
• Said Tahir and
• Vincent Jourdain

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1316–1324, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.96

• and carrier gas. Oxygen and water sensors monitored gas-phase contaminants at the outlet line. In situ microscopy Nanotube growth was imaged in situ using a custom-built optical setup for homodyne polarization microscopy. A supercontinuum source (Fianium SC-400-4, 2 ps pulses, 40 MHz, spectral range

Wavelength-dependent correlation of LIPSS periodicity and laser penetration depth in stainless steel

• Nitin Chaudhary,
• Chavan Akash Naik,
• Shilpa Mangalassery,
• Jai Prakash Gautam and
• Sri Ram Gopal Naraharisetty

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1302–1315, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.95

• grades of emery paper (3000, 4000, and 5000). Subsequently, alumina polishing was applied for 20 min to achieve a flawless mirror finish on the surface. A solution containing 10 g of oxalic acid in 100 mL of distilled water was employed for etching the stainless steel. An external etching process was

Enhancing the photoelectrochemical performance of BiOI-derived BiVO₄ films by controlled-intensity current electrodeposition

• Huu Phuc Dang,
• Khanh Quang Nguyen,
• Nguyen Thi Mai Tho and
• Tran Le

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1289–1301, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.94

• samples fabricated with lower current density, highlighting the benefits of the optimized electrodeposition conditions for the former. Keywords: BiOI; BiVO4; electrodeposition; photoelectrochemical water splitting; Introduction In the context of the increasing global energy demand, the development of

• renewable and sustainable energy sources has become a top priority in science and technology [1][2]. Photoelectrochemical (PEC) water-splitting systems hold significant promises for converting abundant solar energy into chemical fuels, such as hydrogen [3][4]. However, their widespread application is still

• -guided route for improving water oxidation performance. However, the use of a constant-potential deposition technique presents limitations in controlling the film thickness, morphology, and uniformity, which are crucial for consistent BiVO4 performance after conversion. Variability in the BiOI film

Acrocomia aculeata oil-loaded nanoemulsion: development, anti-inflammatory properties, and cytotoxicity evaluation

• Verónica Bautista-Robles,
• Hady Keita,
• Edgar Julián Paredes Gamero,
• Layna Tayná Brito Leite,
• Jessica de Araújo Isaías Muller,
• Mônica Cristina Toffoli Kadri,
• Ariadna Lafourcade Prada and
• Jesús Rafael Rodríguez Amado

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1277–1288, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.93

• , nutraceutical, and industrial applications. However, due to the chemical and physicochemical characteristics as well as the solubility and stability of this oil, it was decided to make a nanoemulsion to enhance its already known therapeutic benefits. Nanoemulsions are nanoemulsified systems, either oil-in-water

• (O/W) or water-in-oil (W/O), which are isotropic, homogeneous, and thermodynamically unstable, with droplet sizes ranging from 20 to 200 nm [20]. They present properties such as high surface area per unit volume, robust kinetic stability, and tunable rheology [21]. It has been demonstrated that

• emulsified systems loaded with plant extracts have better pharmacological activity than extracts when used naturally [22]. For example, plant oil-loaded nanoemulsions exhibit high water solubility, improved permeability, and enhanced bioavailability [23]. This contrasts with the limited solubility and poor

Better together: biomimetic nanomedicines for high performance tumor therapy

• Imran Shair Mohammad,
• Gizem Kursunluoglu,
• Anup Kumar Patel,
• Hafiz Muhammad Ishaq,
• Cansu Umran Tunc,
• Dilek Kanarya,
• Mubashar Rehman,
• Omer Aydin and
• Yin Lifang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1246–1276, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.92

• exposed to a hypotonic solution, water enters the erythrocytes, an equilibrium is established as substances enter and leave the swollen RBCs. A hypotonic solution is prepared by dissolving a relatively higher amount of the drug. Drug loading can be enhanced by carrying out the process at 0 °C as the fatty

Functional bio-packaging enhanced with nanocellulose from rice straw and cinnamon essential oil Pickering emulsion for fruit preservation

• Tuyen B. Ly,
• Duong D. T. Nguyen,
• Hieu D. Nguyen,
• Yen T. H. Nguyen,
• Bup T. A. Bui,
• Kien A. Le and
• Phung K. Le

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1234–1245, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.91

• exhibits good heat-resistance, mechanical, and water-barrier properties. At an emulsion concentration as low as 10% (v/w) in the casting solution, high UV absorbance capacity (up to 100% UVC), high antibacterial activity (92.4% Escherichia coli inhibition), and good antioxidative properties (up to 43% DPPH

• biodegradability [1][2][3]. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) has been shown to provide better biodegradability compared to other polymers such as polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, and polystyrene [4][5][6] due to its secondary alcohol groups being susceptible to enzymatic oxidation and its water solubility enhancing

• degradation byproducts [8][9]. One problem is that the hydrophilic structure of PVA gives it a high water-solubility, water uptake, and worse mechanical properties [10][11]. Different filler and nanomaterials including silica [12][13][14], graphene [15][16], and metals [17][18] have been added to PVA to

Hydrogels and nanogels: effectiveness in dermal applications

• Jéssica da Cruz Ludwig,
• Diana Fortkamp Grigoletto,
• Daniele Fernanda Renzi,
• Wolf-Rainer Abraham,
• Daniel de Paula and
• Najeh Maissar Khalil

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1216–1233, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.90

• embedded in hydrophilic solvents, usually water, which can carry active materials and biomolecules [11][12][13]. After hydration in an aqueous environment, the hydrogel structure is created by hydrophilic groups or regions arranged in a polymeric network [14]. Hydrogels present interesting properties

• ][17]. Nanogels can be obtained from synthetic and natural polymers and can absorb water up to a thousand times their weight, which represents 99.9% of their content [18][19]. Nanogels have a wide field of applicability that covers several areas of science. They have proved useful for oil extraction

• [20][21], drug monitoring in biological fluids [22], CO2 absorption from the atmosphere [23], dye removal from industrial effluents [24], cavity-prevention in oral products [25], insect repellent coating for textiles [26], lead detection in water reservoirs [27], production of vaccines [28], and

Investigation of the solubility of protoporphyrin IX in aqueous and hydroalcoholic solvent systems

• Michelly de Sá Matsuoka,
• Giovanna Carla Cadini Ruiz,
• Marcos Luciano Bruschi and
• Jéssica Bassi da Silva

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1209–1215, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.89

• evaluate the solubility of PpIX in distinct solvent systems to support the development of novel pharmaceutical formulations. The shake-flask method was employed, using purified water, 50% ethanol (EtOH50), 77% ethanol (EtOH77), absolute ethanol (EtOHabs), and polymeric systems containing 10% (w/w

• ) poloxamer 407 (P407) in water, in EtOH50 or in EtOH77. Approximately 10 to 25 mg of PpIX was added to 25 mL of the solvent, and the solutions were stirred at 100 rpm, at 37 °C, for up to 96 h. The PpIX concentration was measured by using a validated method (R = 0.9973), with equilibrium reached within 30

• mg/mL in water to 0.593 mg/mL in water containing 10% (w/w) P407. The solubility of PpIX in EtOH50 and EtOH77 with 10% (w/w) P407 was 0.503 and 0.507 mg/mL, respectively, while EtOHabs yielded the lowest solubility among ethanolic solvents (0.179 mg/mL). These results indicate that water and EtOHabs

Chitosan nanocomposite containing rotenoids: an alternative bioinsecticidal approach for the management of Aedes aegypti

• Maria A. A. Bertonceli,
• Vitor D. C. Cristo,
• Ivo J. Vieira,
• Francisco J. A. Lemos,
• Arnoldo R. Façanha,
• Raimundo Braz-Filho,
• Gustavo V. T. Batista,
• Luis G. M. Basso,
• Sérgio H. Seabra,
• Thalya S. R. Nogueira,
• Felipe F. Moreira,
• Arícia L. E. M. Assis,
• Antônia E. A. Oliveira and
• Kátia V. S. Fernandes

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1197–1208, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.88

• humans who, in their life routine, create spaces of easy access and conducive conditions for the establishment of the insect. The most frequent breeding sites are containers with accumulated water, such as plant pots, PET bottles, tires, buckets, clogged or uneven gutters, rarely used drains, poorly

• sealed water tanks, air conditioner trays, and other locations with stagnant and "clean" water containing organic matter [15]. In this work, with the goal of obtaining a biotechnological product that may represent a new tool for controlling Ae. aegypti and consequently preventing relevant arboviral

• also prepared using the TPP–β-cyclodextrin (TPP–β-CD) inclusion complex. For this, equimolar amounts of TPP and β-CD (β-cyclodextrin) were completely dissolved in ultrapure water at a molar ratio of 1:1. The obtained solution was subjected to ultrasonic bath for 1 h at room temperature. This TPP–β-CD

Mechanical stability of individual bacterial cells under different osmotic pressure conditions: a nanoindentation study of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

• Lizeth García-Torres,
• Idania De Alba Montero,
• Eleazar Samuel Kolosovas-Machuca,
• Facundo Ruiz,
• Sumati Bhatia,
• Jose Luis Cuellar Camacho and
• Jaime Ruiz-García

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1171–1183, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.86

• , S.L.P. México 10.3762/bjnano.16.86 Abstract Nanomechanical maps to test the mechanical response of the outer envelope of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were obtained utilizing atomic force microscopy in force–volume mode in the low range of loading forces when exposed to hypotonic (Milli-Q water), isotonic

• -negative bacterium belonging to the Pseudomonas genus. It is well known for its versatility and adaptability in various environments, as it can be found in multiple habitats, including soil, water, plants, and animals. It can also prosper in artificial environments such as metal or plastic pipes and

• conditions. Of particular interest was the extraction and comparison of nanomechanical maps obtained in the low range of loading forces to quantify its morphology, membrane stiffness, Young’s modulus of elasticity and adhesion when PA was tested in hypotonic (Milli-Q water), isotonic (0.1 M phosphate

Crystalline and amorphous structure selectivity of ignoble high-entropy alloy nanoparticles during laser ablation in organic liquids is set by pulse duration

• Robert Stuckert,
• Felix Pohl,
• Oleg Prymak,
• Ulrich Schürmann,
• Christoph Rehbock,
• Lorenz Kienle and
• Stephan Barcikowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1141–1159, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.84

• structures while the influence of the other mentioned metalloids is less frequently observed [75]. Crystalline FeSiB NPs, synthesized by ns-LAL in water could be modified and an amorphous structure could be achieved by a follow-up LFL treatment. As a result, the particle size decreased and the beforehand

• , those numbers as well result from a computational model of pure silver and FeNi in water for ps-LAL and ns-LAL; therefore, transferability to HEA NPs in organic solvents may be limited. Additionally, the longest calculated pulse in [64] has a length of 2 ns, whereas in this work the pulse duration is 10

Fabrication of metal complex phthalocyanine and porphyrin nanoparticle aqueous colloids by pulsed laser fragmentation in liquid and their potential application to a photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy

• Taisei Himeda,
• Risako Kunitomi,
• Ryosuke Nabeya,
• Tamotsu Zako and
• Tsuyoshi Asahi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1088–1096, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.80

• biological optical window (wavelengths from 650 to 1000 nm) and have recently attracted attention for applications in biomedical research such as photoacoustic imaging of tissues and PDT of tumors [2][3]. Porphyrins and Pcs are hydrophobic hydrocarbons that are insoluble in water. Hence, polymer composite

• nanoparticles and nanomicelle encapsulation have been used to disperse them in water [2][3][4][5][6][7]. For example, AlClPc has been loaded into nanoemulsions using castor oil and Cremophor ELP® [5]. ZnPc was dispersed in unilamellar liposomes by a solvent exchange method [7][8], and its photocytotoxicity

• ) [11][12][13][14][15][16][17], perylene [18], perylene diimides [19][20], and quinacridones [9][21] can be successfully dispersed in water without the use of organic solvents. Moreover, PLFL has been applied recently to active pharmaceutical ingredients such as vitamin C, capsaicin [22], megestrol

Single-layer graphene oxide film grown on α-Al₂O₃(0001) for use as an adsorbent

• Shiro Entani,
• Mitsunori Honda,
• Masaru Takizawa and
• Makoto Kohda

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1082–1087, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.79

• has a high level of water affinity. Consequently, GO can be expected to have a wide range of applications, such as primers, thermally conductive materials, transparent electrodes, and adsorbent materials [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. GO is typically synthesized by oxidizing graphite. Several

• imperative. Cs and Sr exhibit strong adsorption to particles of rocks and soils, resulting in their water insolubility and substantial volume. A viable method for the disposal of radioactive waste is the application of an acid treatment, which has been demonstrated to be effective in the efficient separation

• of radioactive Cs contaminants from rocks and soils [21]. The resulting solution is a substantial quantity of low-level radioactive treated water. Therefore, the adsorbent needs to possesses high-adsorption performance, a rapid reaction rate, and cost-effectiveness in production. Romanchuk et al

Piezoelectricity of hexagonal boron nitrides improves bone tissue generation as tested on osteoblasts

• Sevin Adiguzel,
• Nilay Cicek,
• Zehra Cobandede,
• Feray B. Misirlioglu,
• Hulya Yilmaz and
• Mustafa Culha

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1068–1081, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.78

• drop-casting 1 μL of hBN suspension (prepared in deionized water) onto a TEM grid. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR, Shimadzu IRAffinity-1S) and Raman spectroscopy (Renishaw, 532 nm laser) were used to analyze chemical bonds and assess crystallinity. UV–visible spectroscopy (Varian Cary UV

• -Vis-NIR) measured optical properties across the 200–800 nm range, while dynamic light scattering (DLS, Malvern Panalytical) provided data on hydrodynamic size and zeta potential after dispersing 1 mg of material in 1 mL of deionized water and sonicating for 30 min. Finally, piezoresponse force

• NMs, 5% silver nitrate solution was added to each well and exposed to UV light for 50 min. Afterward, the cells were washed with diH2O three times, and 5% sodium thiosulfate solution was added to each well to stop the reaction. After 3 min, the cells were rinsed under running tap water for 1 min and