Liquid-phase exfoliated graphene: functionalization, characterization, and applications

• Mildred Quintana,
• Jesús Iván Tapia and
• Maurizio Prato

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2328–2338, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.242

• such as fullerenes and carbon nanotubes (CNTs) [23][24][25]. Using these solvents, it is possible to exfoliate graphite, resulting in defect-free graphene layers of high concentration. One limitation of this methodology is its inability to completely eliminate the absorbed solvent from the graphene

An insight into the mechanism of charge-transfer of hybrid polymer:ternary/quaternary chalcopyrite colloidal nanocrystals

• Parul Chawla,
• Son Singh and
• Shailesh Narain Sharma

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1235–1244, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.137

• morphology crucially depends on a combination of highly crystalline and defect-free inorganic CISe and related materials as an acceptor layer and an ordered morphology and well-crystalline nature of P3HT polymer as a donor layer. In the present work, we have dispersed TOPO-capped CISe/CIGSe/CZTSe

Core level binding energies of functionalized and defective graphene

• Toma Susi,
• Markus Kaukonen,
• Paula Havu,
• Mathias P. Ljungberg,
• Paola Ayala and
• Esko I. Kauppinen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 121–132, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.12

• should give consistent results for all atoms of the same kind. Since the C 1s level of graphite is well known experimentally, a rigid shift of the calculated energy scale to match it for the pristine defect-free system is applied to all C 1s energies calculated, which allows for a comparison of the

Cyclic photochemical re-growth of gold nanoparticles: Overcoming the mask-erosion limit during reactive ion etching on the nanoscale

• Burcin Özdemir,
• Axel Seidenstücker,
• Alfred Plettl and
• Paul Ziemann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 886–894, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.100

• distance within a given periodic arrangement. 5) The maximizing of defect-free domain sizes of such NP lattices. A relative simple and affordable approach that nevertheless addresses all the above requirements is based on the self-organization of organic carrier systems such as colloids or reverse micelles

Deformation-induced grain growth and twinning in nanocrystalline palladium thin films

• Aaron Kobler,
• Jochen Lohmiller,
• Jonathan Schäfer,
• Michael Kerber,
• Anna Castrup,
• Ankush Kashiwar,
• Patric A. Gruber,
• Karsten Albe,
• Horst Hahn and
• Christian Kübel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 554–566, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.64

• shown). In contrast, samples with an initially defect free grain interior showed an increase of the twin boundary density during straining (Figure 7c,d). Twins nucleate at the grain boundaries under an applied stress by emission of partial dislocations, which lead to stacking faults and eventually twin

• initial growth twin density, partial dislocations nucleate preferentially at the twin boundaries and lead to movement and thus a reduction of twin boundaries [35]. If no twin boundaries are present, partial dislocations need to nucleate from the grain boundaries into defect free grains and may form

• migration out of the grain. If the grains are initially defect free, partial dislocations nucleate into a defect free grain and can form stacking faults and twinning faults by successive nucleation of partial dislocations. Overview of the structural properties of the three ncPd sample sets analyzed using

High-resolution electrical and chemical characterization of nm-scale organic and inorganic devices

• Pierre Eyben

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 318–319, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.35

• , threading dislocations, and microtwins that affect the diffusion of dopants and the material mobility (due to scattering). When growth is performed in narrow trenches, dislocations are trapped within the confined volume (aspect-ratio trapping) and, theoretically, defect-free layers can be obtained. However

• , even if an apparently defect-free layer is obtained, the polar nature of the complex compound materials implies that antiphase boundaries can still be formed, which potentially represent important charge and recombination centers. Beyond the standard logic/memory applications there is a very strong

Grain boundaries and coincidence site lattices in the corneal nanonipple structure of the Mourning Cloak butterfly

• Ken C. Lee and
• Uwe Erb

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 292–299, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.32

• coordination number of six for the defect-free regions of the nipple arrangements is locally changed to five or seven nearest neighbors. It was observed that the nipples with seven nearest neighbors were usually slightly larger than the average nipple diameter (150 nm) while the nipples with five nearest

• these defect rows are clearly grain-boundary-type defects across which the orientations of otherwise defect-free crystals change. What is quite remarkable in both cases shown in Figure 4 is that some sort of superlattice can be identified as indicated by the nipples marked in white. This superlattice

• /macro-defect-free regions. Scanning electron micrograph showing the facet structure of the Mourning Cloak butterfly. Note the bases of fractured hair at some of the triple junctions (magnification: 800×). Triple junction in the facet structure and nanonipples in three adjacent facets (magnification

Probing three-dimensional surface force fields with atomic resolution: Measurement strategies, limitations, and artifact reduction

• Mehmet Z. Baykara,
• Omur E. Dagdeviren,
• Todd C. Schwendemann,
• Harry Mönig,
• Eric I. Altman and
• Udo D. Schwarz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2012, 3, 637–650, doi:10.3762/bjnano.3.73

• , force-field characteristics associated with individual surface atoms on defect-free surfaces exhibit a straight and symmetric nature when probed with symmetric tips consisting of immobile, hard, sphere-like atoms. Thus, any experimentally observed deviations from this straight, symmetric character are

An NC-AFM and KPFM study of the adsorption of a triphenylene derivative on KBr(001)

• Antoine Hinaut,
• Adeline Pujol,
• Florian Chaumeton,
• David Martrou,
• André Gourdon and
• Sébastien Gauthier

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2012, 3, 221–229, doi:10.3762/bjnano.3.25

• a molecule would travel on a defect-free surface without interacting with another molecule during the deposition can be obtained in the following way: For a deposition molecular flux F, the mean time τF separating the arrival of two successive molecules in an area L2 is τF = 1/(F·L2). During this

Lifetime analysis of individual-atom contacts and crossover to geometric-shell structures in unstrained silver nanowires

• Christian Obermair,
• Holger Kuhn and
• Thomas Schimmel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 740–745, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.81

• contacts without the need to apply mechanical deformation. In this way, plastic deformations are avoided and highly stable and defect-free nanocontacts are produced [24][25][26][27][28]. This is especially true for silver; due to its high electrochemical exchange-current density, electrochemically

• deposited silver exhibits high mobility on its surface, allowing the fabrication of defect-free metallic point contacts [13]. A sufficiently high mobility of the atoms is needed to find stable configurations, corresponding to distinct shells, which, in turn, lead to clearly observable shell effects on the

Intermolecular vs molecule–substrate interactions: A combined STM and theoretical study of supramolecular phases on graphene/Ru(0001)

• Michael Roos,
• Benedikt Uhl,
• Daniela Künzel,
• Harry E. Hoster,
• Axel Groß and
• R. Jürgen Behm

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 365–373, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.42

• for the inclusion of van der Waals interactions in standard DFT calculations. These two contributions (adsorbate–graphene and adsorbate–metal) were then added in order to obtain total adsorption energies of the molecules on the graphene/Ru(0001) substrate. (a) Defect free graphene/Ru(0001) surface

Formation of precise 2D Au particle arrays via thermally induced dewetting on pre-patterned substrates

• Dong Wang,
• Ran Ji and
• Peter Schaaf

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 318–326, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.37

• formation, and (3) spinodal dewetting, which occurs by the amplification of periodic film thickness fluctuations (i.e., capillary wave); such films induce self-correlated dewetting patterns [25]. Recently, dewetting of solid films has also been studied. Theoretically, for the defect-free and homogenous

Defects in oxide surfaces studied by atomic force and scanning tunneling microscopy

• Thomas König,
• Georg H. Simon,
• Lars Heinke,
• Leonid Lichtenstein and
• Markus Heyde

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 1–14, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.1

• are supposed to be involved in electron transfer processes on the surface. The trapped electrons in the color centers can be transferred to adsorbates such as Au atoms. The defect-free MgO surface is quite inert while a defect rich surface shows a high and complex chemical reactivity [22]. In order to

• penetrate the surface. In thin oxide films line defects are often generated by domain boundaries. The structure at these line defects usually differs significantly from the defect-free domains. This is often associated with a change of electronic properties, which may significantly influence the surface

• defect-free MgO. The NC-AFM investigation on aluminum oxide on NiAl(110) unveils the surface structure of the domain and at the APDBs with atomic resolution. Apart from the determined topography, F2+-like centers, which have been predicted by DFT calculations, were experimentally verified for the APDBs

Preparation and characterization of supported magnetic nanoparticles prepared by reverse micelles

• Ulf Wiedwald,
• Luyang Han,
• Johannes Biskupek,
• Ute Kaiser and
• Paul Ziemann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2010, 1, 24–47, doi:10.3762/bjnano.1.5

• that 38 FePt NPs exhibit defects along the [101] direction. From this result and the fact that additional defects may exist which cannot be seen in the [101] projection, it can be concluded that for the majority of particles crystal defects are a common feature. For 8 nm FePt NPs defect-free NPs are