A chemiresistive sensor array based on polyaniline nanocomposites and machine learning classification

• Jiri Kroutil,
• Alexandr Laposa,
• Ali Ahmad,
• Jan Voves,
• Vojtech Povolny,
• Ladislav Klimsa,
• Marina Davydova and
• Miroslav Husak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 411–423, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.34

• , the sensor array platforms were cleaned in acetone and isopropyl alcohol for 15 min and then exposed to hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS) for 2 h to improve the adhesion of sensing layers. Figure 14 demonstrates the top view of sensor array with nanocomposite sensing layers and the bottom view with heating

Micro- and nanotechnology in biomedical engineering for cartilage tissue regeneration in osteoarthritis

• Zahra Nabizadeh,
• Mahmoud Nasrollahzadeh,
• Hamed Daemi,
• Mohamadreza Baghaban Eslaminejad,
• Ali Akbar Shabani,
• Mehdi Dadashpour,
• Majid Mirmohammadkhani and
• Davood Nasrabadi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 363–389, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.31

• alcohol) (PVA), nanoscale hydroxyapatite, and magnetic NPs (Fe2O3) has also shown that the incorporation of NPs enhances the mechanical properties of the scaffold and regulates the behavior of cells seeded in the nanocomposites [61]. A magnetic hydrogel-based nanocomposite can provide a promising scaffold

Alcohol-perturbed self-assembly of the tobacco mosaic virus coat protein

• Ismael Abu-Baker and
• Amy Szuchmacher Blum

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 355–362, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.30

• Ismael Abu-Baker Amy Szuchmacher Blum Department of Chemistry, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada 10.3762/bjnano.13.30 Abstract The self-assembly of the tobacco mosaic virus coat protein is significantly altered in alcohol–water mixtures. Alcohol cosolvents stabilize the disk aggregate

• and prevent the formation of helical rods at low pH. A high alcohol content favours stacked disk assemblies and large rafts, while a low alcohol concentration favours individual disks and short stacks. These effects appear to be caused by the hydrophobicity of the alcohol additive, with isopropyl

• alcohol having the strongest effect and methanol the weakest. We discuss several effects that may contribute to preventing the protein–protein interactions between disks that are necessary to form helical rods. Keywords: alcohol; hydrophobic effect; protein assembly; self-assembly; tobacco mosaic virus

Surfactant-free syntheses and pair distribution function analysis of osmium nanoparticles

• Mikkel Juelsholt,
• Jonathan Quinson,
• Emil T. S. Kjær,
• Baiyu Wang,
• Rebecca Pittkowski,
• Susan R. Cooper,
• Tiffany L. Kinnibrugh,
• Søren B. Simonsen,
• Luise Theil Kuhn,
• María Escudero-Escribano and
• Kirsten M. Ø. Jensen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 230–235, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.17

• Information File 1). As opposed to the case of Pt NP synthesis, the Os NP size is also not affected by the alcohol used as reductant, as similar NP sizes are obtained when considering the TEM results (comparing Figure S6 and Figure S8, Supporting Information File 1). This result is confirmed by size analysis

• of Os NPs in 1:2 alcohol/water ratios and for different precursors as indicated. The PDFs can be described using a hcp model. Fit of a hcp cluster (seen in the insert) to the PDF obtained from the Os NPs formed in methanol/water from OsCl3. (a) Measured PDF of OsCl3 in methanol/water. The insert

• shows the same PDF plotted to 21 Å. (b) Overall formation mechanism of the hcp Os NPs. The Os chloride precursor reacts with the alcohol/water mixture to form chain-like structures of [OsOxCly]-octahedra, which after a long incubation time form Os NPs. Os, Cl, and O atoms are shown in grey, green, and

A comprehensive review on electrospun nanohybrid membranes for wastewater treatment

• Senuri Kumarage,
• Imalka Munaweera and
• Nilwala Kottegoda

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 137–159, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.10

• common synthetic polymer membranes such as polycaprolactone (PCL), polyacrylonitrile (PAN), polyacrylic acid (PAA), polysulfones (PSF), polyimides (PI), polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polystyrene (PS), polyethylene oxide (PEO), poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) and natural polymers such as gelatin, keratin

Tin dioxide nanomaterial-based photocatalysts for nitrogen oxide oxidation: a review

• Viet Van Pham,
• Hong-Huy Tran,
• Thao Kim Truong and
• Thi Minh Cao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 96–113, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.7

• ). Growth curves of •OH radicals (e) and •O2− radicals (f) vs irradiation time of the materials. The charge transfer pathways of the materials (g). K2Cr2O7, KI, and isopropyl alcohol (IPA) act as scavengers for electrons, holes, and •OH radicals, respectively. The brown and green arrows indicate the path of

Nanoscale friction and wear of a polymer coated with graphene

• Robin Vacher and
• Astrid S. de Wijn

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 63–73, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.4

• challenging problem due to the complex viscoelastic properties and structure. Using molecular dynamics simulations, we investigate how a graphene sheet on top of the semicrystalline polymer polyvinyl alcohol affects the friction and wear. Our setup is meant to resemble an AFM experiment with a silicon tip. We

• of depositing, indenting, and sliding on graphene. In the final section, we draw some conclusions. Simulation Setup We simulate a slab of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) coated with a single layer of graphene and a counterbody representing an AFM tip consisting of silicon. The simulations were performed

• by this mechanism, as it is harder to penetrate. Coarse grained model for polyvinyl alcohol (PVA, C2H4O)x). Red atoms are oxygen, dark gray are carbon, and light gray are hydrogen. One green circle represents one coarse-grained particle, which replaces the group of atoms C2H4O. Snapshot of the

Polarity in cuticular ridge development and insect attachment on leaf surfaces of Schismatoglottis calyptrata (Araceae)

• Venkata A. Surapaneni,
• Tobias Aust,
• Thomas Speck and
• Marc Thielen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1326–1338, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.98

• growth stages. Insect traction experiments Insect walking frictional forces were measured on a freshly unrolled (stage 3) and an adult (stage 4) S. calyptrata leaf and were compared with the forces on a clean glass slide. The glass slide was cleaned with acetone followed by isopropyl alcohol before

Electrical, electrochemical and structural studies of a chlorine-derived ionic liquid-based polymer gel electrolyte

• Ashish Gupta,
• Amrita Jain,
• Manju Kumari and
• Santosh K. Tripathi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1252–1261, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.92

• -dimethylimidazolium chloride ([BDiMIM][Cl]), tested its application in polymer electrolytes, and obtained a maximum room-temperature conductivity of 2.7 × 10−6 S·cm−1. Among various polymer matrix systems, such as polyethylene oxide (PEO) [18][19], polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) [20][21], and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) [22

Morphology-driven gas sensing by fabricated fractals: A review

• Vishal Kamathe and
• Rupali Nagar

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1187–1208, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.88

• geometry. Plugotarenko et al. employed sol–gel method to prepare SiO2·SnOx·CuOy nanofilms from a tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) alcohol solution modified by metal salts and applied the samples for NO2 sensing [50]. The SiO2·SnOx·CuOy films annealed at 500 °C exhibited a sample surface consisting of crater-like

Self-assembly of amino acids toward functional biomaterials

• Huan Ren,
• Lifang Wu,
• Lina Tan,
• Yanni Bao,
• Yuchen Ma,
• Yong Jin and
• Qianli Zou

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1140–1150, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.85

• alcohol dehydrogenase may be incorporated into Cys microspheres, resulting in hybrid microspheres with photocatalytic and biocatalytic activities. In addition, Cys/Zn microspheres were modified with CO32−-doped ZnS nanocrystals by a hydrothermal treatment, and then glutamic acid dehydrogenase was

Revealing the formation mechanism and band gap tuning of Sb₂S₃ nanoparticles

• Maximilian Joschko,
• Franck Yvan Fotue Wafo,
• Christina Malsi,
• Danilo Kisić,
• Ivana Validžić and
• Christina Graf

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1021–1033, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.76

• with a 14-gauge cannula (L = 200 mm, neoLab). Materials Sb(III)Cl3 (>99.95%), sulfur (99.98%), EHA (>99%), paraffin oil (d = 0.827–0.890 g/mL), OlAm (70%), and isopropyl alcohol (IPA, 99.5%) were obtained from Sigma-Aldrich. Hexane (>98%) was purchased from Alfa Aesar, chlorobenzene (>99%) from Merck

Self-assembly of Eucalyptus gunnii wax tubules and pure ß-diketone on HOPG and glass

• Miriam Anna Huth,
• Axel Huth and
• Kerstin Koch

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 939–949, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.70

• morphological characteristics, different tubule types were distinguished. Most tubules belong to the group of secondary alcohol tubules, predominantly containing nonacosanol and homologues, or to the group of ß-diketone tubules, containing high amounts of ß-diketones, such as hentriacontane-14,16-dione

• structure [13][18]. Secondary alcohol tubules evolved in all major groups of land plants and design durable superhydrophobic surfaces (e.g., the Lotus Effect). In vitro recrystallization experiments with single wax components of these tubules showed that tubules were formed by secondary alcohols plus at

• least 2% of diols [25]. The expected arrangements of the tubule-forming molecules are bended layers of nonacosanol and alkanediol. Within these layers, the hydroxyl groups of the alcohol molecules function as spacers in the tightly packed layer, leading to a curvature of the layer and eventually to the

The role of deep eutectic solvents and carrageenan in synthesizing biocompatible anisotropic metal nanoparticles

• Nabojit Das,
• Akash Kumar and
• Raja Gopal Rayavarapu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 924–938, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.69

• application. For example, Gutiérrez et al. synthesized porous carbon using p-toluenesulfonic acid and choline chloride in a molar ratio of 1:1 [88]. The DES used served as solvent and catalyst for the condensation of furfuryl alcohol, followed by carbonization resulting in the formation of pores. Oh et al

Modification of a SERS-active Ag surface to promote adsorption of charged analytes: effect of Cu²⁺ ions

• Bahdan V. Ranishenka,
• Andrei Yu. Panarin,
• Irina A. Chelnokova,
• Sergei N. Terekhov,
• Peter Mojzes and
• Vadim V. Shmanai

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 902–912, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.67

• of (3-chloropropyl)trichlorosilane in water-free toluene (2% by mass) for 24 h and rinsed several times with dry toluene, then with isopropyl alcohol, and dried at room temperature. The chloropropyl-functionalized substrates were then modified with PEI by soaking in 10% (by mass) polymer solution in

Comprehensive review on ultrasound-responsive theranostic nanomaterials: mechanisms, structures and medical applications

• Sepand Tehrani Fateh,
• Lida Moradi,
• Elmira Kohan,
• Michael R. Hamblin and
• Amin Shiralizadeh Dezfuli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 808–862, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.64

Stability and activity of platinum nanoparticles in the oxygen electroreduction reaction: is size or uniformity of primary importance?

• Kirill O. Paperzh,
• Anastasia A. Alekseenko,
• Vadim A. Volochaev,
• Ilya V. Pankov,
• Olga A. Safronenko and
• Vladimir E. Guterman

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 593–606, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.49

• suspension of Pt/C catalysts (i.e., "catalytic ink"), 900 μL of isopropyl alcohol and 100 μL of a 0.5% aqueous emulsion of Nafion® polymer were added to 6 mg of each sample. Then, the suspension was dispersed with ultrasound for 15 min. Under continuous stirring, an aliquot of “ink” of 6 μL in volume was

A review on the green and sustainable synthesis of silver nanoparticles and one-dimensional silver nanostructures

• Sina Kaabipour and
• Shohreh Hemmati

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 102–136, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.9

• AgNPs from 5 to 45 nm using the same method. In more recent works by Tseng et al. [132][133], AgNPs were produced using a micro-electrical discharge machining system and by adding polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as the capping agent. They obtained AgNPs with a diameter of 50–100 nm when PVA was not used, and a

• ]. In the sol–gel method, a gel-like mixture is first prepared by mixing the silver precursor solution with a metal complex compound (i.e. comprised of Ca, Ti, Sr, etc.) [143][144] in a solvent such as water or alcohol. Then the product is heated in order for the nucleation and reaction to take place

The role of gold atom concentration in the formation of Cu–Au nanoparticles from the gas phase

• Yuri Ya. Gafner,
• Svetlana L. Gafner,
• Darya A. Ryzkova and
• Andrey V. Nomoev

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 72–81, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.6

• oxidation of benzyl alcohol to benzaldehyde and in the epoxidation of propene with nitrous oxide. Moreover, in experimental and theoretical works [9], it was clearly shown that the partial substitution of copper with gold leads to a change in the physicochemical properties in many cases. For example, there

Nanocasting synthesis of BiFeO₃ nanoparticles with enhanced visible-light photocatalytic activity

• Thomas Cadenbach,
• Maria J. Benitez,
• A. Lucia Morales,
• Cesar Costa Vera,
• Luis Lascano,
• Francisco Quiroz,
• Alexis Debut and
• Karla Vizuete

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1822–1833, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.164

• nitrates with equimolar amounts of tartaric acid in the presence of an alcohol can lead to an Fe3+-catalyzed autocombustion reaction. The rapid release of heat upon combustion can then lead to the formation of unwanted by-products [29][31]. Thus, the samples of BiFeO3-0, BiFeO3-0, 2%, BiFeO3-0, 3% and

• experiments with different scavengers, such as AgNO3, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), tert-butyl alcohol (TBA), and benzoquinone (BQ), was performed. It is generally well-accepted that in semiconductor photocatalysis the reaction of promoted electrons with molecular oxygen leads to superoxide anion

• efficiency of the catalyst, leading to an overall degradation of approx. 21%. In order to evaluate the role of hydroxyl radicals, the radical scavenger tert-butyl alcohol (TBA, 2 mM) was added. The degradation percentage of RhB was reduced from 95% to 38% indicating that hydroxyl radicals play a major role

Influence of the magnetic nanoparticle coating on the magnetic relaxation time

• Mihaela Osaci and
• Matteo Cacciola

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1207–1216, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.105

• sol–gel process, yielding metal-oxide nanoparticles dispersed in a mesoporous matrix. [5]. Other methods used for synthesising these nanoparticles include modifications of the sol–gel method. These methods involve supercritical conditions, such as ethyl alcohol and alkaline co-precipitation, and an

Photothermally active nanoparticles as a promising tool for eliminating bacteria and biofilms

• Mykola Borzenkov,
• Piersandro Pallavicini,
• Angelo Taglietti,
• Laura D’Alfonso,
• Maddalena Collini and
• Giuseppe Chirico

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1134–1146, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.98

• after one round of laser exposure. Poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) films cross-linked with citric acid loaded with highly efficient photothermal gold nanostars were also fabricated [66]. The resulting films demonstrated a pronounced photothermal effect under NIR irradiation in the 730–1064 nm wavelength range

• nanostructures provided rapid and efficient eradication of up to 99% of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria within 10 min of NIR laser irradiation. In a very recent publication, poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogel incorporating reduced graphene oxide composites (MoS2/Ag3PO4) was fabricated to yield a highly

Applications of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles in drug and therapeutic delivery, and biotechnological advancements

• Maria Suciu,
• Corina M. Ionescu,
• Alexandra Ciorita,
• Septimiu C. Tripon,
• Dragos Nica,
• Hani Al-Salami and
• Lucian Barbu-Tudoran

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1092–1109, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.94

• with polyethyleneimine and conjugated with CD44 siRNA can be used as non-viral gene therapy vectors. Polyethylene imine is the material of choice for nucleic acid intracellular delivery, as it gives a positive charge to the nanoparticle surface [41]. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)-coated SPIONs were tested as

Extracting viscoelastic material parameters using an atomic force microscope and static force spectroscopy

• Cameron H. Parvini,
• M. A. S. R. Saadi and
• Santiago D. Solares

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 922–937, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.77

• experimental data for nylon A hollow nylon tube (source: McMaster-Carr, P/N 8628K48, Grade 6/6) was cut, ground smooth with a hand-held rotary tool, and cleaned in isopropyl alcohol (IPA) followed by a bath in deionized (DI) water. The sample was then allowed to dry sufficiently and mounted on an AFM metal

Light–matter interactions in two-dimensional layered WSe₂ for gauging evolution of phonon dynamics

• Avra S. Bandyopadhyay,
• Chandan Biswas and
• Anupama B. Kaul

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 782–797, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.63

• substrates were cleaned using acetone, isopropyl alcohol and methanol solution in an ultrasonicator, and rinsed with DI water. Nitrogen blow drying and substrate heating on a hotplate at T = 110 °C for 5 min allowed any residual moisture from the substrate surface to be removed. The micro-Raman and PL