Enhancement of mechanical and electrical properties of continuous-fiber-reinforced epoxy composites with stacked graphene

• Naum Naveh,
• Olga Shepelev and
• Samuel Kenig

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1909–1918, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.191

• matrices with low content of inexpensive SG. Both surface and volume resistivity dropped by 7–8 orders of magnitude. Laminated composites based on carbon fabric showed increased DMA storage moduli, improved thermal stability and increased Young's moduli. SEM images of SAA-modified epoxy/SG/carbon fabric

• composites revealed no distinctive effect of the epoxy composition on the morphology of laminates, yet the compounds demonstrated significant improvement in thermal stability at elevated temperatures, especially with a polyol surfactant. A reduction of electrical surface resistivity was registered, while

Fabrication of carbon nanospheres by the pyrolysis of polyacrylonitrile–poly(methyl methacrylate) core–shell composite nanoparticles

• Dafu Wei,
• Youwei Zhang and
• Jinping Fu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1897–1908, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.190

• , the temperatures of PMMA nanoparticles with a mass loss of 2% and 5% were 193 °C and 293 °C, respectively (Supporting Information File 1, Figure S5). We chose to preoxidize the PAN–PMMA nanoparticles at 250 °C, considering the limited thermal stability of PMMA outer layer. Carbonized product Three

(Metallo)porphyrins for potential materials science applications

• Lars Smykalla,
• Carola Mende,
• Michael Fronk,
• Pablo F. Siles,
• Michael Hietschold,
• Georgeta Salvan,
• Dietrich R. T. Zahn,
• Oliver G. Schmidt,
• Tobias Rüffer and
• Heinrich Lang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1786–1800, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.180

• functionalize (metallo)porphyrins in order to better match their physical properties to requirements of the envisaged application [1][2][3]. Because of the general high chemical and thermal stability, thin films of (metallo)porphyrins can be obtained by using organic molecular beam deposition (OMBD) techniques

Fluorination of vertically aligned carbon nanotubes: from CF₄ plasma chemistry to surface functionalization

• Claudia Struzzi,
• Mattia Scardamaglia,
• Jean-François Colomer,
• Alberto Verdini,
• Luca Floreano,
• Rony Snyders and
• Carla Bittencourt

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1723–1733, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.173

• ][24]. In single- and multiwalled nanotubes the tuning of surface properties via fluorine-based plasma has been investigated highlighting the modification of morphology, chemical composition and electronic properties, as well as focusing on the field emission performances and the thermal stability [25

Effect of the fluorination technique on the surface-fluorination patterning of double-walled carbon nanotubes

• Lyubov G. Bulusheva,
• Yuliya V. Fedoseeva,
• Emmanuel Flahaut,
• Jérémy Rio,
• Christopher P. Ewels,
• Victor O. Koroteev,
• Gregory Van Lier,
• Denis V. Vyalikh and
• Alexander V. Okotrub

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1688–1698, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.169

• been determined. The high thermal stability of F2 means elevated temperatures are required in order for the fluorination process to take place. The saturation composition C2F for a CNT surface was achieved using pure F2 below 300 °C for several hours [15]. The temperature and/or duration of the

Two-dimensional carbon-based nanocomposites for photocatalytic energy generation and environmental remediation applications

• Suneel Kumar,
• Ashish Kumar,
• Ashish Bahuguna,
• Vipul Sharma and
• Venkata Krishnan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1571–1600, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.159

• reactions but mainly hydrogen evolution reactions [67]. The lattice structure of g-C3N4 is composed of C–N with short interlayer distances and amino functional groups with larger periodic vacancies [67]. In addition to this, g-C3N4 possesses excellent chemical and thermal stability, unique surface

• forces [69]. Thus it is clear that the lattice structure of g-C3N4 consists only of two abundant elements, C and N (C/N molar ratio = 0.75), which are earth abundant and nontoxic in nature [61]. More surface active sites, nontoxicity, natural abundance and good thermal stability of g-C3N4 makes it a

• exhibit excellent chemical stability and is insoluble in various kinds of acid, base and organic solvents like toluene and THF [68]. The good chemical and thermal stability of carbon nitride permits its use in PEC cells even under oxygen atmosphere [63]. Furthermore, the chemical inertness and

Luminescent supramolecular hydrogels from a tripeptide and nitrogen-doped carbon nanodots

• Maria C. Cringoli,
• Slavko Kralj,
• Marina Kurbasic,
• Massimo Urban and
• Silvia Marchesan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1553–1562, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.157

• diameters in all samples, with and without NCNDs (see Supporting Information File 1). These observations are not surprising since it is well known that the nanostructure outcome of self-assembly is greatly influenced by experimental conditions and gelation kinetics [39][40]. Thermal stability of NCND

• –peptide hydrogels The NCND–peptide hydrogels were assessed for their thermal stability by means of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and circular dichroism (CD) with a heating ramp from room temperature up to complete disappearance of the CD signal (see Supporting Information File 1). DSC did not

• aggregates formed during heating [41][42]. It is thus possible that the wide endotherm observed in this work is the sum of all such different components. As a result, minor differences in the thermal stability of the systems with or without NCNDs may have been masked. Indeed, the small DSC sample volumes

Low-temperature CO oxidation over Cu/Pt co-doped ZrO₂ nanoparticles synthesized by solution combustion

• Amit Singhania and
• Shipra Mital Gupta

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1546–1552, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.156

• ). This is due to combined effect of smaller particle size, large oxygen vacancies, high specific surface area and better thermal stability of the Cu/Pt co-doped ZrO2 nanoparticles. The apparent activation energy for CO oxidation is found to be 45.6 kJ·mol−1. The CO conversion decreases with increase in

Synthesis, spectroscopic characterization and thermogravimetric analysis of two series of substituted (metallo)tetraphenylporphyrins

• Rasha K. Al-Shewiki,
• Carola Mende,
• Roy Buschbeck,
• Pablo F. Siles,
• Oliver G. Schmidt,
• Tobias Rüffer and
• Heinrich Lang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1191–1204, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.121

• molecular beam deposition (OMBD), which is attributed to their comparatively low thermal stability as determined by thermogravimetric analysis (TG) of selected representatives. Keywords: electrospray ionization mass spectrometry; IR spectroscopy; metalloporphyrin; porphyrin; thermogravimetry; UV–vis

• spectroscopy; Introduction Over the last decades metalloporphyrins have been studied in great detail as they exhibit a high chemical and thermal stability, are aromatic and possess distinctive electrochemical and photophysical properties [1][2][3][4]. For example, access to the first organic spin valves

• morphologies of successfully OMBD-deposited CuTPP(OMe)4 2/2a–d and 3/3a–d were equipped with sterically more bulky terminal organic groups. Unfortunately, all trials to deposit members of 2/2a–d and 3/3a–d by OMBD failed, which is attributed to a significantly lower thermal stability compared to CuTPP(OMe)4 [8

Atomic structure of Mg-based metallic glass investigated with neutron diffraction, reverse Monte Carlo modeling and electron microscopy

• Rafał Babilas,
• Dariusz Łukowiec and
• Laszlo Temleitner

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1174–1182, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.119

• Mg65Cu20Y10Ni5 ribbon exhibits a higher onset crystallization temperature and higher ΔTx parameter. The addition of nickel can improve the thermal stability of Mg-based metallic glasses. Moreover, the determination of the crystallization temperature is helpful to prepare nanocrystalline samples by heat treatment

Hierarchically structured nanoporous carbon tubes for high pressure carbon dioxide adsorption

• Julia Patzsch,
• Deepu J. Babu and
• Jörg J. Schneider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1135–1144, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.115

• successfully tested as potential material for catalysis [1], gas sensors [2], electronic devices [3] and for gas adsorption [4]. Activated carbons (ACs) are widely used for gas adsorption because of their straightforward production, low cost and thermal stability [5][6][7]. Nevertheless, the excellent

• under oxygen atmosphere (Figure 5) using thermal gravimetric analysis. The decomposition starts at about 530 °C indicating a high thermal stability of the carbon material. The carbon tubes (4) do not decompose completely even at temperatures of 800 °C. A ceramic residue (6.5%) remains as a white powder

Fully scalable one-pot method for the production of phosphonic graphene derivatives

• Kamila Żelechowska,
• Marta Prześniak-Welenc,
• Marcin Łapiński,
• Izabela Kondratowicz and
• Tadeusz Miruszewski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1094–1103, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.111

• hazardous waste. Finally, after ball milling for two days the resultant carbonaceous material is rather high-surface-area graphite than graphene. Thermogravimetric (TG) analysis with differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) provided information about thermal stability of GO and GO-P and allowed for an

Structural properties and thermal stability of cobalt- and chromium-doped α-MnO₂ nanorods

• Romana Cerc Korošec,
• Polona Umek,
• Alexandre Gloter,
• Jana Padežnik Gomilšek and
• Peter Bukovec

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1032–1042, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.104

• cryptomelane samples exhibit a higher thermal stability than undoped ones. For instance, doping with tin and cobalt shifted the reduction of α-MnO2 to Mn2O3 from 500–550 °C (undoped sample) to 850–900 °C [19][20]. This was ascribed to the incorporation of dopant ions into tunnels stabilizing the structure [19

• of K+ ions and also decreased thermal stability [8]. Undoped materials also possess a higher thermal stability than materials doped with one or more elements of Fe3+, Cu2+, Mo6+, V5+ with the exception of that doped only with Fe3+, which shows the same stability as the undoped samples [14][21]. The

• introduction of silver ions into the cryptomelane structure also lowered thermal stability due to a partial distortion of the regular channel-like structure [22]. The influence of doping the pristine material with different ions on its thermal stability is quite complex. When an ion of higher valence (3+, 2

Vapor-phase-synthesized fluoroacrylate polymer thin films: thermal stability and structural properties

• Paul Christian and
• Anna Maria Coclite

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 933–942, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.95

• hysteresis between advancing and receding contact angle [14]. The advantage of cross-linking with EGDMA is the elimination of the annealing step, resulting in a cross-linked film already in the as-deposited form. The thermal stability of the thin films was evaluated by ellipsometry, Fourier transform

Triptycene-terminated thiolate and selenolate monolayers on Au(111)

• Jinxuan Liu,
• Martin Kind,
• Björn Schüpbach,
• Daniel Käfer,
• Stefanie Winkler,
• Wenhua Zhang,
• Andreas Terfort and
• Christof Wöll

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 892–905, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.91

• group have an impact on the thermal stability of the monolayers. The selenolate SAMs are more stable than their thiolate counterparts (by 0.13 eV in case of Trp0Se vs Trp0S and by ≈0.06 eV in case of Trp1Se vs Trp1S). This finding reflects that the Se–Au binding energy is higher than the one of the S–Au

• identified to be an important parameter in SURMOF liquid epitaxial growth [3][21]. The higher thermal stability of the selenium anchor group compared to the one of the sulfur anchor group enables triptycene-selenolate SAMs to push the upper temperature limit available for SURMOF growth. We believe that these

First examples of organosilica-based ionogels: synthesis and electrochemical behavior

• Andreas Taubert,
• Ruben Löbbicke,
• Barbara Kirchner and
• Fabrice Leroux

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 736–751, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.77

• interesting for intermediate temperature fuel cells operating above ca. 80 °C. At this point, conventional Nafion membranes dry out and lose the ability for proton conduction [9]. Due to their relatively high thermal stability, high ionic conductivity, and low vapor pressure, many ILs can overcome this

• (ii) efficient stabilization of the (highly viscous) liquid phase over extended periods of time. As a result, [BmimSO3H][PTS] is a viable candidate for use in membranes, especially when considering the simple, near quantitative synthesis (Figure 7) and the high thermal stability of the IL (Figure 10

Synthesis of graphene–transition metal oxide hybrid nanoparticles and their application in various fields

• Arpita Jana,
• Elke Scheer and
• Sebastian Polarz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 688–714, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.74

• of 12.1% with excellent thermal stability [209]. Cuprous oxide (Cu2O) is a p-type semiconductor and is used for solar energy conversion, as sensors and for photocatalytic degradation. The controlled synthesis of Cu2O results in a vast palette of architectures including nanocubes, nanocages, nanowires

Carbon nanotube-wrapped Fe₂O₃ anode with improved performance for lithium-ion batteries

• Guoliang Gao,
• Yan Jin,
• Qun Zeng,
• Deyu Wang and
• Cai Shen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 649–656, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.69

• the Fe2O3 nanoparticles. Smaller secondary particles are clearly observed. The measured (110) lattice spacing is 0.25 nm, which is in agreement with [35]. The thermal stability of the as-prepared Fe2O3/COOH-MWCNT composites was measured using a thermogravimetric analyzer. Thermogravimetric analysis

Dispersion of single-wall carbon nanotubes with supramolecular Congo red – properties of the complexes and mechanism of the interaction

• Anna Jagusiak,
• Barbara Piekarska,
• Tomasz Pańczyk,
• Małgorzata Jemioła-Rzemińska,
• Elżbieta Bielańska,
• Barbara Stopa,
• Grzegorz Zemanek,
• Janina Rybarska,
• Irena Roterman and
• Leszek Konieczny

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 636–648, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.68

• structure is observed. It probably corresponds to CR molecules being attached indirectly to the nanotube, through face-to-face interaction with CR adhering to the nanotube surface (Figure 6B). Thermal stability of SWNT–CR complexes SWNT–CR complexes (1 mg SWNTs + 1 mL of 2 mg/mL CR, sonicated and filtered

Gas sensing properties of MWCNT layers electrochemically decorated with Au and Pd nanoparticles

• Elena Dilonardo,
• Michele Penza,
• Marco Alvisi,
• Riccardo Rossi,
• Gennaro Cassano,
• Cinzia Di Franco,
• Francesco Palmisano,
• Luisa Torsi and
• Nicola Cioffi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 592–603, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.64

• gas detection. Indeed, gas sensor systems have unique properties such as, easy and low-cost production, low operating temperature, electronic and thermal stability, good sensitivity but poor selectivity in gas detection [4]. In this context, the development of nanostructured materials has contributed

Diffusion and surface alloying of gradient nanostructured metals

• Zhenbo Wang and
• Ke Lu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 547–560, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.59

• . The following process at T2 enhanced the growth (or phase transformation) kinetics of alloyed layers because the thermal stability in the surface layers was improved by the introduced alloying elements and/or compounds during the previous process. The effects of both processes at T1 and at T2 on the

• [98][99]. They showed unique performance, for example, ultrahigh hardness accompanied by superior thermal stability. Studying the diffusion kinetics and relative behavior in GNS layers with such novel microstructures is expected to help understand their unique features and provide insights on

Nanostructured carbon materials decorated with organophosphorus moieties: synthesis and application

• Giacomo Biagiotti,
• Vittoria Langè,
• Cristina Ligi,
• Stefano Caporali,
• Maurizio Muniz-Miranda,
• Anna Flis,
• K. Michał Pietrusiewicz,
• Giacomo Ghini,
• Alberto Brandi and
• Stefano Cicchi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 485–493, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.52

• allotropic species of carbon, fullerene, carbon nanotubes and graphene being the most studied and used. Since their discovery [1][2][3], they have become very attractive for researchers, due to their peculiar physical and chemical proprieties such as chemical and thermal stability, electronic conductivity

Fiber optic sensors based on hybrid phenyl-silica xerogel films to detect n-hexane: determination of the isosteric enthalpy of adsorption

• Jesús C. Echeverría,
• Ignacio Calleja,
• Paula Moriones and
• Julián J. Garrido

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 475–484, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.51

• more mechanisms, such as electrostatic, hydrophobic or hydrogen bonding. Films made of hybrid silica materials synthesized by the sol–gel process are well suited for the preparation of sensing elements. These films have chemical and thermal stability, transparency over a wide wavelength range

Advances in the fabrication of graphene transistors on flexible substrates

• Gabriele Fisichella,
• Stella Lo Verso,
• Silvestra Di Marco,
• Vincenzo Vinciguerra,
• Emanuela Schilirò,
• Salvatore Di Franco,
• Raffaella Lo Nigro,
• Fabrizio Roccaforte,
• Amaia Zurutuza,
• Alba Centeno,
• Sebastiano Ravesi and
• Filippo Giannazzo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 467–474, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.50

• asperities, dielectric inhomogeneity). We started with a thermally flattened PEN Teonex film purchased from Dupont Teiji Films. PEN is an analogous material to poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET), with superior physical and thermal stability (up to 155 °C), which are advantageous properties for flexible

Methods for preparing polymer-decorated single exchange-biased magnetic nanoparticles for application in flexible polymer-based films

• Laurence Ourry,
• Delphine Toulemon,
• Souad Ammar and
• Fayna Mammeri

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 408–417, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.43

• size to exhibit the desired properties (e.g., exchange-bias for thermal stability of the magnetization) but also judiciously functionalized to ensure their stability in air and their compatibility with a polymer matrix, in order to avoid aggregation which may seriously affect their physical properties