Efficiency of electron cooling in cold-electron bolometers with traps

• Dmitrii A. Pimanov,
• Vladimir A. Frost,
• Anton V. Blagodatkin,
• Anna V. Gordeeva,
• Andrey L. Pankratov and
• Leonid S. Kuzmin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 896–901, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.80

• the length ξ0. For aluminium, ξ0 = 100 nm and, for our samples, d = 14 nm. Let us take a closer look at the data processing algorithm. The fit program numerically solves the equations of the stationary CEB theory (Equation 1) for a certain set of parameters and material coefficients corresponding to

Solar-light-driven LaFe_xNi_1−xO₃ perovskite oxides for photocatalytic Fenton-like reaction to degrade organic pollutants

• Chao-Wei Huang,
• Shu-Yu Hsu,
• Jun-Han Lin,
• Yun Jhou,
• Wei-Yu Chen,
• Kun-Yi Andrew Lin,
• Yu-Tang Lin and
• Van-Huy Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 882–895, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.79

• antibiotics of PPCPs accordinly. Results and Discussion Material characterization of various photocatalysts X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) was used to reveal the structure of the materials. In the synthesis step of LaNiO3, the calcination temperature was set to 500, 600, 700, and 800 °C, respectively, and the

• . However, we would like to focus on the doping effect on photocatalytic reaction so that Fe0.7Ni0.3O3 was the target material to be further analyzed and characterized. Comparing the samples co-doped with Fe and Ni, LaFe0.7Ni0.3O3 exhibited a higher k value of 1st order reaction than other co-doped samples

DNA aptamer selection and construction of an aptasensor based on graphene FETs for Zika virus NS1 protein detection

• Nathalie B. F. Almeida,
• Thiago A. S. L. Sousa,
• Viviane C. F. Santos,
• Camila M. S. Lacerda,
• Thais G. Silva,
• Rafaella F. Q. Grenfell,
• Flavio Plentz and
• Antero S. R. Andrade

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 873–881, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.78

• detection at 214 nm. The NS1–aptamer complexes were collected into a vial containing 8 μL of separation buffer at the capillary outlet. After collecting material from five runs, the bound sequences were amplified by PCR. The PCR amplification was performed using a reaction master mix containing 200 μM dNTPs

• Escherichia coli DH5α. After electroporation, Luria–Bertani (LB) medium was added and the material was grown for 1 h, at 37 °C, 200 rpm. The culture was then plated onto LB/agar/ampicillin/IPTG/Xgal medium and incubated overnight at 37 °C. The viable white clones were then individually seeded in 10 mL of LB

Self-assembly of C₆₀ on a ZnTPP/Fe(001)–p(1 × 1)O substrate: observation of a quasi-freestanding C₆₀ monolayer

• Guglielmo Albani,
• Michele Capra,
• Alessandro Lodesani,
• Alberto Calloni,
• Gianlorenzo Bussetti,
• Marco Finazzi,
• Franco Ciccacci,
• Alberto Brambilla,
• Lamberto Duò and
• Andrea Picone

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 857–864, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.76

• layer of 2D material, such as graphene [27][28], hexagonal boron nitride [29][30][31] and MoS2 [32][33]. Moreover, an organic layer inserted between the substrate and the overlayer has been shown to be effective in improving the order of the molecular film [34][35] or restoring its original electronic

Ultrafast signatures of magnetic inhomogeneity in Pd_1−xFe_x (x ≤ 0.08) epitaxial thin films

• Andrey V. Petrov,
• Sergey I. Nikitin,
• Lenar R. Tagirov,
• Amir I. Gumarov,
• Igor V. Yanilkin and
• Roman V. Yusupov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 836–844, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.74

• Abstract A series of Pd1−xFex alloy epitaxial films (x = 0, 0.038, 0.062, and 0.080), a material promising for superconducting spintronics, was prepared and studied with ultrafast optical and magneto-optical laser spectroscopy in a wide temperature range of 4–300 K. It was found that the transition to the

• required, including logic gates [19][20][21][22][23], programmable logics [16], non-dissipative biasing [1], and random access and cache memories [17][24][25][26][27][28]. From the fabrication point of view, it is strongly desirable to utilize a universal tunable ferromagnetic material for every

• ]. Moreover, attempts have been made to use this material (with low iron concentrations of x = 0.01–0.03) for MJJ memory applications [1][14][15][24][31][32]. However, these studies faced the problems of small critical current and temporal instability of magnetic properties [33]. On the one hand, nanoscale

Temperature and chemical effects on the interfacial energy between a Ga–In–Sn eutectic liquid alloy and nanoscopic asperities

• Yujin Han,
• Pierre-Marie Thebault,
• Corentin Audes,
• Xuelin Wang,
• Haiwoong Park,
• Jian-Zhong Jiang and
• Arnaud Caron

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 817–827, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.72

• Yujin Han Pierre-Marie Thebault Corentin Audes Xuelin Wang Haiwoong Park Jian-Zhong Jiang Arnaud Caron KOREATECH – Korea University of Technology and Education, School of Energy, Material and Chemical Engineering, Cheonan, 31253 Republic of Korea UTT – University of Technology Troyes, 1004 Troyes

• could be tuned by texturing the substrate surface. The wetting of gallium-based liquid alloys is thus complex and depends on the stability of the oxide at the liquid–substrate interface, the reactivity with the substrate material, and the substrate topography. In this work, we applied atomic force

• measurements, each tip was investigated by SEM for possible material transfer from the liquid alloy sample. The values of the half-opening angle θ of the tips were taken from the manufacturer’s data. Table 1 summarizes the properties of the cantilevers used in this work. The force spectroscopy measurements

Hierachical epicuticular wax coverage on leaves of Deschampsia antarctica as a possible adaptation to severe environmental conditions

• Elena V. Gorb,
• Iryna A. Kozeretska and
• Stanislav N. Gorb

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 807–816, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.71

• harsh environments (e.g., strong UV irradiation, low temperatures, and icing). Experimental Plant material D. antarctica plants used in this study were collected in the vicinity of Henryk Arctowski Polish Antarctic Station, King George Island, Maritime Antarctica (62°09′50″ S, 58°28′7″ W) during X

• Ukrainian and XXX Polish Antarctic Expeditions in 2005/2006 (permission АР no. 013-06 to Iryna A. Kozeretska for collection of plant material in the King George Island region, Maritime Antarctica). A separate, small clump of mature plants bearing fully developed flowers was completely dug up including roots

• against low temperatures. The relatively compact lower (inner) wax layer separates well the epidermal cell surface from the cold environment, whereas the upper (outer) wax layer with air-filled spaces between wax projections represents an effective isolation material due to its conspicuous foam-like

Optimizing PMMA solutions to suppress contamination in the transfer of CVD graphene for batch production

• Chun-Da Liao,
• Andrea Capasso,
• Tiago Queirós,
• Telma Domingues,
• Fatima Cerqueira,
• Nicoleta Nicoara,
• Jérôme Borme,
• Paulo Freitas and
• Pedro Alpuim

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 796–806, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.70

• step that can compromise device performance and reliability, thus hindering industrial production. In this context, the impact of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), the most common support material for transferring graphene from the Cu substrate to any target surface, can be decisive in obtaining

• a wide range of 2D material-based devices and heterostructures, especially in optoelectronics [7][8][9]. At present, one of the remaining challenges in the fabrication of graphene-based devices lies in the reproducibility: More than the CVD itself, the transfer process from the growth substrate (e.g

Efficient liquid exfoliation of KP₁₅ nanowires aided by Hansen's empirical theory

• Zhaoxuan Huang,
• Zhikang Jiang,
• Nan Tian,
• Disheng Yao,
• Fei Long,
• Yanhan Yang and
• Danmin Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 788–795, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.69

• one-dimensional material with high carrier mobility (308 cm2·V−1·s−1) and rapid response time [8][9][10]. These one-dimensional materials are ideal for photovoltaic and photocatalytic applications. The KP15 is considered to be a novel low-dimensional material with layered structure, high hole carrier

• mobility (1000 cm2·V−1·s−1), and highly anisotropic properties [11]. The photodetectors prepared with KP15 have a fast response time and are ideal materials for photovoltaic applications [12]. Based on our previous studies, KP15 is also a one-dimensional material with a defect-free surface [13][14]. This

• KP15 dispersions. The Lambert–Beer law (Equation 3) was then used to measure the concentration of the KP15 dispersions: where A is the absorbance, K is the absorption coefficient of the material, b is the absorbing layer thickness (which in this work is the width of the cuvette, i.e., 1 cm), and C is

Gelatin nanoparticles with tunable mechanical properties: effect of crosslinking time and loading

• Agnes-Valencia Weiss,
• Daniel Schorr,
• Julia K. Metz,
• Metin Yildirim,
• Saeed Ahmad Khan and
• Marc Schneider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 778–787, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.68

• studies dealing with mechanical properties of nanoparticulate drug carriers determines the elasticity of bulk film material instead of that of the particles themselves [3]. Lack of appropriate equipment and training for measurements under physiological conditions might be the reasons. Alsharif et al

• system is usually tested intensively in vitro using cell culture-based assays before application in in vivo studies. Depending on the particle material, the mechanical properties will be influenced, also modulating potentially the particle–cell interaction. For polymeric particles, a higher uptake for

• ] with sodium metabisulfite, which forms a complex with glutaraldehyde, thus, terminating the crosslinking process [23]. The complex, unreacted material, and excess poloxamer 188 were removed by purification via tangential flow filtration (Minimate TFF capsule, 300 kDa, Pall Corporation, Port Washington

Hierarchical Bi₂WO₆/TiO₂-nanotube composites derived from natural cellulose for visible-light photocatalytic treatment of pollutants

• Zehao Lin,
• Zhan Yang and
• Jianguo Huang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 745–762, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.66

• photocorrosion [20]. Among them, the Aurivillius phase bismuth tungstate (Bi2WO6) material is applied in visible-light photocatalysis due to its effective response to visible light and stable physicochemical properties [21]. Bi2WO6 is formed by the alternating growth of (Bi2O2)2+ and perovskite-structured (WO4)2

• − units [22]. The hybridized O 2p and Bi 6s orbitals in the conduction band of the material contribute to the effective transfer of photoinduced electron−hole pairs, resulting in good photocatalytic properties under visible-light irradiation [23][24]. However, there is still room for improvement of the

• photocatalytic performance of the Bi2WO6 material since the recombination of photogenerated charges during photocatalysis is still too fast to produce a large amount of effective photoinduced carriers [25]. In order to solve the aforementioned problems of TiO2 and Bi2WO6 materials, researchers have fabricated

A nonenzymatic reduced graphene oxide-based nanosensor for parathion

• Sarani Sen,
• Anurag Roy,
• Ambarish Sanyal and
• Parukuttyamma Sujatha Devi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 730–744, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.65

• due to π–π* transition was noted at 273 nm using ethanol as blank, and a calibration curve was plotted to compare the results obtained from the proposed nanosensor. Material characterization Voltammetric studies were carried out using an IVIUMStat electrochemical analyzer (Model: A09050, Iviumstat

• showed thermal and mechanical stability, ERGO/GCE could be a suitable electrode material for rapid screening of PT in actual samples. To determine the storage stability, the electrocatalytic response of 10 μM PT was monitored in seven-day intervals for the first two months, and it retained about 96.17

Modeling a multiple-chain emeraldine gas sensor for NH₃ and NO₂ detection

• Hana Sustkova and
• Jan Voves

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 721–729, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.64

• it shows a resistance change when gas molecules are in the vicinity of the chain. Interesting for this application could be the detection of NH3 or NO2 [5]. Mechanism of Gas Sensing When gas molecules interact with the PANI chain, the resistance of the bulk material changes. For example, ammonia gas

• using dimensions of the polyaniline polymer to correspond to about 3 ppm concentration. Finally, in this numerical model many effects are not taken into account, among others, the fact that the bulk material contains a large number of polymer chains and that there are, for example, kinetic effects and

• inter-carrier influences. Therefore, polyaniline bulk material would have a slightly different resistance values than the computed model. Comparison with experimental data Numerical models for a one-chain polyaniline sensor were compared with experimental data. Chemiresistive gas sensors for ammonia and

Nanoarchitectonics of the cathode to improve the reversibility of Li–O₂ batteries

• Hien Thi Thu Pham,
• Jonghyeok Yun,
• So Yeun Kim,
• Sang A Han,
• Jung Ho Kim,
• Jong-Won Lee and
• Min-Sik Park

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 689–698, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.61

• volume, crystallinity, and electrical conductivity. Such controllable structural characteristics of the ZnxCoy–C/CNT composites is beneficial for designing a robust cathode material to boost the electrochemical reactions as well as improving the reversibility of LOBs. Based on the compositional

• cathode materials for high-performance LOBs. Experimental Material preparation In a manner similar to our previous works [12][41], bimetallic ZIFs (ZnxCoy) with various Zn/Co ratios were grown on CNTs via hydrothermal synthesis, where x/y was chosen to be 1/4, 1/1, and 4/1, respectively (corresponding to

• atmosphere, the ZnxCoy–C/CNT composite was obtained and further chemically etched with 1 M of H2SO4 solution before use. Material characterization Field-emission scanning electron microscopy (JEOL, JSM-7000F) and high-resolution TEM (HRTEM, JEOL, JEM-2100F) with EDS were used to examine the morphologies and

Reliable fabrication of transparent conducting films by cascade centrifugation and Langmuir–Blodgett deposition of electrochemically exfoliated graphene

• Teodora Vićentić,
• Stevan Andrić,
• Vladimir Rajić and
• Marko Spasenović

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 666–674, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.58

• with lateral sizes larger than 1 µm are preferred [23]. On the other hand, thinner (thus also laterally smaller [24]) flakes have a higher transparency, with potential use in transparent conductors. Size selection of 2D material flakes in solution has thus become a key challenge for the practical use

• achievable with LB assembly of graphene films made from solution-dispersed material, for a reasonable electrical conductivity. Comparisons of our obtained percolative figure of merit and percolation exponent with those observed in literature reveal that the quality of the films obtained with our demonstrated

• increasing resistance to a much smaller extent, at higher transmittance values. It has been noted before that thin transparent conductors [45], including graphene [46], exhibit a percolation threshold. For film thicknesses above this threshold, the film behaves as a bulk material and the transmittance and

Fabrication and testing of polymer microneedles for transdermal drug delivery

• Vahid Ebrahiminejad,
• Zahra Faraji Rad,
• Philip D. Prewett and
• Graham J. Davies

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 629–640, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.55

• characteristics such as operating temperature, axial force range, and embossing time depend on material properties, geometrical size, and complexity, requiring multiple optimization studies. MN arrays must be capable of being handled without risk of damage and must penetrate the skin with low force to the

• the elemental density, which in turn reduces the overall time step by increasing the time required for a sound wave to traverse the smallest elements. Table 1 summarizes the material properties used for the individual components in the insertion simulation. Results and Discussions Design and

• which results in lateral shear loads. This horizontal shear force component () that is perpendicular to the axis of each MN may cause fracture at an approximate distance x from the base where the yield stress of the material is exceeded. Therefore, for MNs having a cylindrical shaft of radius a, with

Comparative molecular dynamics simulations of thermal conductivities of aqueous and hydrocarbon nanofluids

• Adil Loya,
• Antash Najib,
• Fahad Aziz,
• Asif Khan,
• Guogang Ren and
• Kun Luo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 620–628, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.54

• ., eicosane C20H42) media. Before conducting simulations, the nanoparticle was created using the Material Studio software (Accryles Inc., USA is the sole proprietor of the Material Studio software produced for performing material/chemical design and analysis). This particle was then dispersed in water and

• constructed for molecular dynamics was a straight-chain alkane molecule. The COMPASS force field was applied using the Material Studio. The alkane radius is decreased in the figure for a clearer visualization so that the nanoparticles can be clearly illustrated and identified. Both systems (i.e., nonaqueous

Quantitative dynamic force microscopy with inclined tip oscillation

• Philipp Rahe,
• Daniel Heile,
• Reinhard Olbrich and
• Michael Reichling

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 610–619, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.53

• for the investigation of in-plane material properties, such as the in-plane shear modulus [16]. Last, the influence of the inclination between oscillation direction and surface plane has been used in lateral force microscopy to determine the probe oscillation amplitude [17]. Here, we extend the

Sodium doping in brookite TiO₂ enhances its photocatalytic activity

• Boxiang Zhuang,
• Honglong Shi,
• Honglei Zhang and
• Zeqian Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 599–609, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.52

• understand the photocatalytic behavior of a given material. The bandgap values were determined from the diffuse reflectance spectra using the Tauc plot method [26]: where A in Equation 1 is a proportional constant, α is the absorption coefficient, and n depends on the type of electron transition. The bandgap

A new method for obtaining the magnetic shape anisotropy directly from electron tomography images

• Cristian Radu,
• Ioana D. Vlaicu and
• Andrei C. Kuncser

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 590–598, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.51

• inaccurate. In the case of magnetometry, the size can be roughly evaluated from the magnetized volumes of the material [10] with a volume–size relationship depending on shape and morphology of the nanoparticles. Such indirect approaches more or less suit the investigated systems, and whether one technique is

Design and characterization of polymeric microneedles containing extracts of Brazilian green propolis

• Camila Felix Vecchi,
• Rafaela Said dos Santos,
• Jéssica Bassi da Silva and
• Marcos Luciano Bruschi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 503–516, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.42

• holes created and will be taken, by diffusion, to the innermost layers to have its systemic action [5][12]. Coated microneedles are solid MNs made of inert material and coated with a formulation containing the drug to be administered [5][13]. After skin perforation, this lining is retained in the

Zinc oxide nanostructures for fluorescence and Raman signal enhancement: a review

• Ioana Marica,
• Fran Nekvapil,
• Maria Ștefan,
• Cosmin Farcău and
• Alexandra Falamaș

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 472–490, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.40

• nanomaterials can be obtained by combining ZnO with metal NPs, thus integrating the material properties of both components and resulting in new and enhanced properties that are not obtainable from the single component nanoparticles. Recent studies showed that ZnO properties can be tuned and improved when

• promoted strong light confinement, and the increased number of adsorption sites due to the branched ZnO nanostructures. Despite the fact that ZnO is a non-plasmonic semiconductor material, it can elicit a degree of SERS effect via chemical enhancement of atomic vibrational modes of the analyte. Kim et al

Tubular glassy carbon microneedles with fullerene-like tips for biomedical applications

• Sharali Malik and
• George E. Kostakis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 455–461, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.38

• different allotropes depending on the hybridizations of the C–C bond, that is, sp, sp2, or sp3. Furthermore, a variety of short-range ordering effects can interact with each other and this, along with the effects of microporosity, grain boundaries, and defects, render this a fascinating material. Following

• of these glassy carbon tubules shows long-range order with a d-spacing of 4.89 Å, which is indicative of glassy carbon. Raman spectroscopy shows the material to be graphitic in nature, and SEM shows the fullerene-like structure of the material. This work provides new insights into the structure of

• replacement biomedical material for metallic needles in the field of neural engineering and as acupuncture needles. Keywords: biomedical; glassy carbon; microneedle; neural engineering; COST Action EsSENce CA19118; Introduction Glassy carbon, also known as “glass-like carbon” or “vitreous carbon” is an

Tunable superconducting neurons for networks based on radial basis functions

• Andrey E. Schegolev,
• Nikolay V. Klenov,
• Sergey V. Bakurskiy,
• Igor I. Soloviev,
• Mikhail Yu. Kupriyanov,
• Maxim V. Tereshonok and
• Anatoli S. Sidorenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 444–454, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.37

• number, T is the temperature, kB is Boltzmann’s constant, where H is the exchange energy (H = 0 in S and N layers). The indexes “l” and “r” denote the materials at, respectively, the left and right side of an interface, ξ is the coherence length, ρ is the resistivity of the material (in the following, ξ

• [61][62]: where ρS is the resistivity of the superconducting material, μ0 is the vacuum permeability and ℏ is Planck’s constant. For instance, for a homogeneous niobium film, the estimate for the constant λ0 is around 100 nm, while experimentally measured values of the screening length λ at T = 4.2 K

The role of sulfonate groups and hydrogen bonding in the proton conductivity of two coordination networks

• Ali Javed,
• Felix Steinke,
• Stephan Wöhlbrandt,
• Hana Bunzen,
• Norbert Stock and
• Michael Tiemann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 437–443, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.36

• different crystal structures, which has a strong effect on proton conductivity. In the Mg-based coordination network, dangling sulfonate groups are part of an extended hydrogen bonding network, facilitating a “proton hopping” with low activation energy; the material shows a moderate proton conductivity. In

• the Pb-based metal-organic framework, in contrast, no extended hydrogen bonding occurs, as the sulfonate groups coordinate to Pb2+, without forming hydrogen bonds; the proton conductivity is much lower in this material. Keywords: coordination network; coordination polymer; impedance spectroscopy

• maximum in the region from 103 to 104 Hz remains. The phase angle for the Pb-MOF sample shows only one maximum (at ca. 102 Hz) both before and after activation. We conclude that the second conductance mode in the non-activated Mg-CP material may be caused by interparticle water adsorbate layers that are