Sequence-dependent electrical response of ssDNA-decorated carbon nanotube, field-effect transistors to dopamine

• Hari Krishna Salila Vijayalal Mohan,
• Jianing An and
• Lianxi Zheng

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2113–2121, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.220

• FETs lack responsivity and selectivity for its detection due to the presence of interfering compounds such as uric acid (UA). Surface modification of CNTs using single-stranded deoxyribonucleic acid (ssDNA) renders the surface responsive to DA and screens the interferent. Due to the presence of

• ]. The use of an electronic detection technique with a chemically modified CNT surface that recognizes DA and selectively screens the interferent is a potential solution to overcome these hurdles. Surface modification improves the interaction strength between the nanotube and DA, thereby enhancing the

• ssDNA-decorated FETs, even in the presence of UA. This highlights the enhancement in device response by ssDNA surface modification, and the improvement in selectivity of DA recognition in the presence of UA. To interpret the influence of ssDNA surface modification on the response of SWCNT FETs to DA, UA

Rapid degradation of zinc oxide nanoparticles by phosphate ions

• Rudolf Herrmann,
• F. Javier García-García and
• Armin Reller

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2007–2015, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.209

• the smooth surface and formation of agglomerates of amorphous zinc phosphate can already be seen. The zinc phosphate layer itself is not thick enough to be detected directly by TEM. Surface modification by labelling with the perylene fluorescence dye prevents the formation of a comparatively tight

The surface properties of nanoparticles determine the agglomeration state and the size of the particles under physiological conditions

• Christoph Bantz,
• Olga Koshkina,
• Thomas Lang,
• Hans-Joachim Galla,
• C. James Kirkpatrick,
• Roland H. Stauber and
• Michael Maskos

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1774–1786, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.188

• applied. The investigated particle systems were (i) negatively charged silica particles and (ii) poly(organosiloxane) particles offering variable surface modification opportunities (positively charged, polymer coated). It is shown that the surface properties primarily determine the agglomeration state of

• [51]. As reported there, NexSil20 is a commercially available, colloidal silica without surface modification. Keeping in mind its application to nanotoxicology studies, this system was chosen due to the fact that colloidal silica is used for most real life applications of silica nanoparticles. Poly

In vitro and in vivo interactions of selected nanoparticles with rodent serum proteins and their consequences in biokinetics

• Wolfgang G. Kreyling,
• Stefanie Fertsch-Gapp,
• Martin Schäffler,
• Blair D. Johnston,
• Nadine Haberl,
• Christian Pfeiffer,
• Jörg Diendorf,
• Carsten Schleh,
• Stephanie Hirn,
• Manuela Semmler-Behnke,
• Matthias Epple and
• Wolfgang J. Parak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1699–1711, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.180

• dynamical change during AuNP translocation in fluids and across membranes within the organism. Keywords: biokinetics; gold nanoparticles; protein corona; protein–nanoparticle conjugate; serum protein binding; surface modification; Introduction Like any foreign material that enters into the organism

• published in the following series of reports: biokinetics of 198AuNP of different small ionic ligand surface modification: after intratracheal instillation or intravenous injection of 1.4 nm and 18 nm 198AuNP; Semmler-Behnke et al. [10]; after intravenous injection of 1.4, 2.8, 5, 18, 80 and 200 nm 198AuNP

• ; Hirn et al., [11]; after intra-esophageal instillation of 1.4, 2.8, 5, 18, 80 and 200 nm 198AuNP; Schleh et al. [12]; after intratracheal instillation of 1.4, 2.8, 5, 18, 80 and 200 nm 198AuNP Kreyling et al. [13], biokinetics of 198AuNP with PEG versus small ionic ligand surface modification are

A sonochemical approach to the direct surface functionalization of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles with (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane

• Bashiru Kayode Sodipo and
• Azlan Abdul Aziz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1472–1476, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.160

• cause them to agglomerate in ionic solution [1]. In addition, SPION exhibit a lack of affinity for biomolecules. One of the methods used to minimize these effects is through surface modification or functionalization of the SPION. Organic compounds, such as (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES), are

The cell-type specific uptake of polymer-coated or micelle-embedded QDs and SPIOs does not provoke an acute pro-inflammatory response in the liver

• Markus Heine,
• Alexander Bartelt,
• Oliver T. Bruns,
• Denise Bargheer,
• Artur Giemsa,
• Barbara Freund,
• Ludger Scheja,
• Christian Waurisch,
• Alexander Eychmüller,
• Rudolph Reimer,
• Horst Weller,
• Peter Nielsen and
• Joerg Heeren

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1432–1440, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.155

• haemolysis or nanoparticle uptake [13][14]. In most studies so far, complex surface modification was carried out to achieve water-solubility of hydrophobic QDs or SPIOs [15][16]. Another way to make nanocrystals hydrophilic is the embedding of QDs or SPIOs into the core of lipid micelles [17][18][19]. After

PEGylated versus non-PEGylated magnetic nanoparticles as camptothecin delivery system

• Paula M. Castillo,
• Mario de la Mata,
• Maria F. Casula,
• José A. Sánchez-Alcázar and
• Ana P. Zaderenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1312–1319, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.144

• surface modification of the nanoparticles by polyethylene glycol enables loading a large amount of camptothecin. While the unloaded nanoparticles do not induce apoptosis in the H460 lung cancer cell line, the camptothecin-loaded nanoparticle formulations exhibit remarkable pro-apoptotic activity. These

• retain the biological activity of CPT and exhibit remarkable cytotoxic activity towards H460 lung cancer cell line cultures. Remarkably, it was found that iron oxide superparamagnetic nanoparticles synthesized by co-precipitation method can be loaded with CPT. By the proposed nanoparticle surface

• modification procedure with PEG the amount of CPT that can be loaded was greatly enhanced (in effect doubled) with respect to bare USM nanoparticles. No significant difference in the cytotoxic activity was observed among the CPT loaded on either the PEGylated or bare USM magnetic nanoparticles. Nevertheless, a

Purification of ethanol for highly sensitive self-assembly experiments

• Kathrin Barbe,
• Martin Kind,
• Christian Pfeiffer and
• Andreas Terfort

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1254–1260, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.139

• fully regenerated via a simple pyrolysis protocol. Keywords: ethanol; gold nanoparticles; purification; self-assembled monolayers; solvent; Introduction Thirty years after their introduction [1][2][3], self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) of organothiolates have matured to an established tool for surface

• modification [4], e.g., as etch resist for microfabrication [5][6], as support for molecular systems like metal-organic frameworks or biomolecules [7], or for the tuning of electronic properties of metal surfaces [8][9][10][11][12], to mention just a few. One reason for the popularity of SAMs is their ease of

Dry friction of microstructured polymer surfaces inspired by snake skin

• Martina J. Baum,
• Lars Heepe,
• Elena Fadeeva and
• Stanislav N. Gorb

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1091–1103, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.122

• lead to a stronger abrasive wear on the tribo-pair. Nevertheless by such kind of surface modification, they were able to reduce the frictional coefficient. A comparison of these finding with the results of our study is only possible in a limited way, because they used for their investigation a

A nanometric cushion for enhancing scratch and wear resistance of hard films

• Katya Gotlib-Vainshtein,
• Olga Girshevitz,
• Chaim N. Sukenik,
• David Barlam and
• Sidney R. Cohen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1005–1015, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.114

• the tire industry [17], to medical catheters [18][19][20]. Surface modification to control friction is the subject of several patents [21][22][23][24]. Many techniques have been applied to study scratch resistance and friction [25][26][27][28]. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) allows for extending such

Optimizing the synthesis of CdS/ZnS core/shell semiconductor nanocrystals for bioimaging applications

• Li-wei Liu,
• Si-yi Hu,
• Ying Pan,
• Jia-qi Zhang,
• Yue-shu Feng and
• Xi-he Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 919–926, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.105

• aqueous solutions. It is critical to disperse QDs in water before their application by surface modification with biofunctional molecules for the purpose of bioimaging. However, for many biological applications, it is necessary to transfer the QDs into water through a capping ligand exchange [16][17][18

• ][19]. There are many reports about the surface modification of QDs in the literature, for example, by functionalizing QDs with small molecules, e.g., sulfanylpropanoic acid, coating QDs with a silica shell, and encapsulating QDs within micelle polymer nanoparticles. Amongst the most-studied

Enhanced photocatalytic activity of Ag–ZnO hybrid plasmonic nanostructures prepared by a facile wet chemical method

• Sini Kuriakose,
• Vandana Choudhary,
• Biswarup Satpati and
• Satyabrata Mohapatra

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 639–650, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.75

• made to improve the photocatalytic efficiency of ZnO by decreasing the rate of recombination of electrons and holes by surface modification with noble metal nanoparticles [19][20][21][22][23][24]. Surface modification of ZnO nanostructures with noble metal nanoparticles improves the photocatalytic

DNA origami deposition on native and passivated molybdenum disulfide substrates

• Xiaoning Zhang,
• Masudur Rahman,
• David Neff and
• Michael L. Norton

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 501–506, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.58

• significantly longer times. These findings will be beneficial for the fabrication of future DNA origami/MoS2 hybrid electronic structures. Keywords: atomic force microscopy (AFM); DNA origami; molybdenum disulfide (MoS2); pyrene; 1-pyrenemethylamine; surface modification; Introduction Since it was first

• the MoS2 substrate are of sufficient strength, further dispersion/equilibration in two dimensions would not be anticipated. This is consistent with the observation that the structures do not evolve significantly between 10 and 30 s of incubation. Surface modification using 1-pyrenemethylamine and

• constructs. While the surface roughness increased significantly to 5.3 Å after surface modification (Figure 3a), we found that DNA nanostructures remained intact in the presence of the 1-pyrenemethylamine adhesion layer (Figure 3b–d), in contrast to the DNA nanostructures deposited on the bare MoS2 surface

The softening of human bladder cancer cells happens at an early stage of the malignancy process

• Jorge R. Ramos,
• Joanna Pabijan,
• Ricardo Garcia and
• Malgorzata Lekka

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 447–457, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.52

• grown previously on a glass coverslip covered with poly-L-lysine. In the present studies no glass surface modification was introduced. Thus, substrate chemical properties do not change the relationship between non-malignant HCV29 and cancerous T24 cells. The comparison performed in the previous studies

Photoactivation of luminescence in CdS nanocrystals

• Valentyn Smyntyna,
• Bogdan Semenenko,
• Valentyna Skobeeva and
• Nikolay Malushin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 355–359, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.40

• the surface of NC. The observed effect is explained by the recombination mechanism that is responsible for the short-wavelength emission band. Keywords: cadmium sulfide (CdS); luminescence; nanoparticles; short-wavelength emission band; surface modification; Introduction Semiconductor nanocrystals

Structural, optical and photocatalytic properties of flower-like ZnO nanostructures prepared by a facile wet chemical method

• Sini Kuriakose,
• Neha Bhardwaj,
• Jaspal Singh,
• Biswarup Satpati and
• Satyabrata Mohapatra

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 763–770, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.87

• visible emission from ZnO nanostructures upon ageing is due to their surface modification with Zn(OH)2, which results in a decrease of the crystalline quality. Figure 7 shows the UV–vis absorption spectra of a 10 μM MB solution with sample S2’ as the photocatalyst. It can be seen that the photodegradation

New hybrid materials based on poly(ethyleneoxide)-grafted polysilazane by hydrosilylation and their anti-fouling activities

• Thi Dieu Hang Nguyen,
• François-Xavier Perrin and
• Dinh Lam Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 671–677, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.75

• (glass, polycarbonate, aluminium, steel, etc.) combined with a high brightness, a non-stick surface, and the resistance to heat, fire and UV irradiation. Poly(ethylene oxide) or poly(oxyethylene) (PEO) is a non-toxic polymer, which is used as a surface-modification agent, because it is effective in

Mapping of plasmonic resonances in nanotriangles

• Simon Dickreuter,
• Julia Gleixner,
• Andreas Kolloch,
• Johannes Boneberg,
• Elke Scheer and
• Paul Leiderer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 588–602, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.66

• fluence associated with this ablation threshold of the plasmonic structures is strongly dependent on the particle size and shape and can be higher, the same or even lower than the removal threshold. Above the ablation threshold , the surface modification takes the form of material removal as well as

Digging gold: keV He⁺ ion interaction with Au

• Vasilisa Veligura,
• Gregor Hlawacek,
• Robin P. Berkelaar,
• Raoul van Gastel,
• Harold J. W. Zandvliet and
• Bene Poelsema

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 453–460, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.53

• guaranteed tip radius of less than 10 nm, and a typical resonance frequency of 150 kHz. The scan size was 2 × 2 μm2. Results and Discussion Au{111} surface modification We have recorded sequences of images of submicron size to study the evolution of the Au{111} surface under the impact of a focused He+ beam

• holes starts to appear on the surface (see Figure 2a). With a further increase of the fluence the porous structure gets more pronounced (Figure 2b and Figure 2c). In the case of 25 keV primary ion energy the surface modification initially looks similar to the one at 15 keV (Figure 2d), but at a fluence

• heal the defects. That process can be enhanced by in situ heating of a sample during ion bombardment. We mention, that the surface modification depends not only on the final fluence, but also on the speed at which it was generated. With an increase of the dose per scan, the modifications occur more

Photoelectrochemical and Raman characterization of In₂O₃ mesoporous films sensitized by CdS nanoparticles

• Mikalai V. Malashchonak,
• Sergey K. Poznyak,
• Eugene A. Streltsov,
• Anatoly I. Kulak,
• Olga V. Korolik and
• Alexander V. Mazanik

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 255–261, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.27

• the SILAR deposition. The surface modification of In2O3 with CdS nanoparticles leads to the spectral sensitization of photoelectrochemical processes that manifests itself in a red shift of the long-wavelength edge in the photocurrent spectrum by 100–150 nm. Quantum-confinement effects lead to an

Selective surface modification of lithographic silicon oxide nanostructures by organofunctional silanes

• Thomas Baumgärtel,
• Christian von Borczyskowski and
• Harald Graaf

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 218–226, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.22

Controlled deposition and combing of DNA across lithographically defined patterns on silicon

• Zeinab Esmail Nazari and
• Leonid Gurevich

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 72–76, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.8

• molecules across lithographically defined patterns. The technique involves surface modification of Si/SiO2 substrates with a hydrophobic silane by using gas-phase deposition. Thereafter, DNA molecules are aligned by dragging the droplet on the hydrophobic substrate with a pipette tip. Using this procedure

• DNA–peptide conjugates. We suggest this method as a simple yet reliable technique for depositing and aligning DNA and DNA derivatives across nanofabricated patterns. Keywords: AFM; DNA molecular combing; DNA–peptide complexes; molecular electronics; surface modification; Introduction DNA is the

• but with 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (Sigma-Aldrich) and one hour incubation time. The optimal conditions for combing were achieved with 20 mM ammonium acetate at pH 5.1 and N-octyldimethylchlorosilane surface modification. Molecular combing of DNA was performed according to the following procedure

Effect of normal load and roughness on the nanoscale friction coefficient in the elastic and plastic contact regime

• Aditya Kumar,
• Thorsten Staedler and
• Xin Jiang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 66–71, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.7

• tribological processes is fundamental to many basic and applied problems, such as wetting, capillarity, adhesion, lubrication, sealing, hardness, micro/nanoindentation, atomic-scale probing, surface modification and manipulation [1][2][3]. The contact of two bodies may be defined by the influential parameters

Reversible mechano-electrochemical writing of metallic nanostructures with the tip of an atomic force microscope

• Christian Obermair,
• Marina Kress,
• Andreas Wagner and
• Thomas Schimmel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2012, 3, 824–830, doi:10.3762/bjnano.3.92

• related instruments can be used as tools for surface modification and nanolithography [9][10][11][12][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48], even down to the atomic scale [41][42][43][44][45]. The great advantage of these instruments for nanoelectrochemistry is the fact that they also allow the in situ and real

Polymer blend lithography: A versatile method to fabricate nanopatterned self-assembled monolayers

• Cheng Huang,
• Markus Moosmann,
• Jiehong Jin,
• Tobias Heiler,
• Stefan Walheim and
• Thomas Schimmel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2012, 3, 620–628, doi:10.3762/bjnano.3.71

• -defined surface chemistry. Here, we are aiming for a lateral polymer phase morphology that can be completely removed by a selective solvent to make the substrate available for well-defined chemical surface modification. This can be achieved by inserting a silane SAM, which then exposes a functional group