Silver-based SERS substrates fabricated using a 3D printed microfluidic device

• Phommachith Sonexai,
• Minh Van Nguyen,
• Bui The Huy and
• Yong-Ill Lee

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 793–803, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.65

• ), mineral oil (light molecular biology grade), sorbitan monooleate (SPAN 80), and trisodium citrate dehydrate (TCD) (99%) were purchased from Alfa Aesar (Republic of Korea). Sylgard 184 A&B was obtained from Sewang Hitech (Republic of Korea), and the XL-1500 UV cross-linker used for UV curing was purchased

• , TESCAN). A UV–vis spectrometer (Agilent 8453, Agilent, USA) and a micro-Raman spectrometer (NS200, Nanoscope System, Republic of Korea) were used to record the absorption spectra and Raman spectra, respectively. Fabrication of the droplet-based microfluidic device The fabrication process of the

• -treated by being soaked for 20 min in a 90% (v/v) isopropanol solution, followed by 10 min in deionized water, and then gently dried in a nitrogen flow. After that, the mold was exposed to UV light at an energy level of 120 mJ·cm−2 for 30 s and then annealed at 60 °C for 12 h in an oven for slow

Silver nanoparticles loaded on lactose/alginate: in situ synthesis, catalytic degradation, and pH-dependent antibacterial activity

• Nguyen Thi Thanh Tu,
• T. Lan-Anh Vo,
• T. Thu-Trang Ho,
• Kim-Phuong T. Dang,
• Van-Dung Le,
• Phan Nhat Minh,
• Chi-Hien Dang,
• Vinh-Thien Tran,
• Van-Su Dang,
• Tran Thi Kim Chi,
• Hieu Vu-Quang,
• Radek Fajgar,
• Thi-Lan-Huong Nguyen,
• Van-Dat Doan and
• Thanh-Danh Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 781–792, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.64

• (SPR) of the AgNPs, which falls in the range of 400–450 nm. The synthesis of stable AgNPs was performed at solution temperatures ranging from 30 to 90 °C. The results are shown in Figure 2A and Figure 2B. Below 70 °C, the SPR peak in the UV–vis spectra disappeared, indicating that no AgNPs were formed

• , as evidenced by the absence of any notable change in λmax values. To investigate the influence of the reaction time, the gel Ag+@Lac/Alg was heated at a solution temperature of 90 °C and the UV–vis spectra were measured every 20 min. As seen in Figure 2C and Figure 2D, the formation of AgNPs in the

• in the absorbance value in the UV–vis spectra. Minor changes in λmax values were noted from the absorption data, indicating a slight influence of the silver-ion-to-nanocomposite ratio on the physicochemical properties of the synthesized AgNPs. Considering these findings, two ratios of silver ions to

Carboxylic acids and light interact to affect nanoceria stability and dissolution in acidic aqueous environments

• Matthew L. Hancock,
• Eric A. Grulke and
• Robert A. Yokel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 762–780, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.63

• biological systems. Ceria has been considered a possible UV filter in sunscreens [2][42]. Oxygen defects in the crystal lattice of ceria can presumably be altered by UV irradiation causing a redox switching of the cerium atoms between Ce3+ and Ce4+. This could explain the observance of a blue shift of the

• absorption edge in the UVA region [43]. Studying the effects of UV irradiation on nanoceria would be informative for environmental applications. In biological systems, colloidal nanoceria dispersions were found to be non-toxic to fibroblasts and were capable of preventing damage from UV irradiation [44

• ]. When exposed to artificial sunlight, ceria nanoparticles produced hydroxy radicals and induced lipid peroxidation of the gills of cardinal tetra, a native species of the Rio Negro region [45]. The citric acid coating can also be altered by UV irradiation. Photolysis of citric acid under a Hg lamp

Control of morphology and crystallinity of CNTs in flame synthesis with one-dimensional reaction zone

• Muhammad Hilmi Ibrahim,
• Norikhwan Hamzah,
• Mohd Zamri Mohd Yusop,
• Ni Luh Wulan Septiani and
• Mohd Fairus Mohd Yasin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 741–750, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.61

• utilized in photon energy conversion devices due to the excellent photo response in the visible and near-UV light regions. Hence, controlling morphology and functionalization of such nanomaterials during synthesis will open vast opportunities to satisfy the requirements for various specific applications

Nanomaterials for photocatalysis and applications in environmental remediation and renewable energy

• Viet Van Pham and
• Wee-Jun Ong

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 722–724, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.58

• studies [20][21][22]. Besides, Nhu et al. [23] used rosin as a green chemical approach to fabricate ZnO nanoparticles, exhibiting a high photocatalytic activity for both methylene blue (100%) and methyl orange (82.78%) decomposition after 210 min under UV radiation. Moreover, the advantages in the

A graphene quantum dots–glassy carbon electrode-based electrochemical sensor for monitoring malathion

• Sanju Tanwar,
• Aditi Sharma and
• Dhirendra Mathur

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 701–710, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.56

• hydrothermal process with glucose as a precursor undergoing carbonization. Different spectroscopic techniques were used to analyze the optical characteristics of GQDs, including UV–visible, photoluminescence, FTIR, and Raman spectroscopy. Atomic force microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray

• obtained, which will be used as an electrochemical nanosensor in further studies for malathion detection (Figure 1). Characterization FTIR, Raman, UV–vis, and fluorescence spectroscopy measurements were carried out to determine the optical properties of GQDs. A Perkin Elmer LAMBDA 750 spectrophotometer was

• used to record the UV–visible absorbance spectrum. The luminescence characteristics of the GQDs were investigated using a Perkin Elmer LS 55 fluorescence spectrometer. On a Perkin Elmer FT-IR Spectrum 2, FTIR spectra were measured in the range of 500–4000 cm−1 by making KBr pellets of the sample. At

Metal-organic framework-based nanomaterials as opto-electrochemical sensors for the detection of antibiotics and hormones: A review

• Akeem Adeyemi Oladipo,
• Saba Derakhshan Oskouei and
• Mustafa Gazi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 631–673, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.52

• over the antibiotic’s (acceptor) UV–visible spectrum. Moreover, the estimated average fluorescence lifetimes before and after the addition of tetracycline were 1.39 and 1.36 ns, respectively, and remained virtually constant. This finding strongly shows that fluorescence quenching is caused by an

Titania nanoparticles for photocatalytic degradation of ethanol under simulated solar light

• Evghenii Goncearenco,
• Iuliana P. Morjan,
• Claudiu Teodor Fleaca,
• Florian Dumitrache,
• Elena Dutu,
• Monica Scarisoreanu,
• Valentin Serban Teodorescu,
• Alexandra Sandulescu,
• Crina Anastasescu and
• Ioan Balint

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 616–630, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.51

• inexpensive material. More than that, these tests used solar light, which is a regenerable energy source. The investigated TiO2-based catalysts lead to ethanol photomineralization under simulated solar light, indicating an efficient use of UV light from the solar spectrum, but also the presence of optically

• lamp at λexc = 260 nm. All samples have been irradiated at room temperature and under the same conditions. Diffuse reflectance UV–vis measurements were performed by using a spectrophotometer Perkin Elmer Lambda 35 with an integrating sphere in the 200–1100 nm range. The measured reflectance data were

SERS performance of GaN/Ag substrates fabricated by Ag coating of GaN platforms

• Magdalena A. Zając,
• Bogusław Budner,
• Malwina Liszewska,
• Bartosz Bartosewicz,
• Łukasz Gutowski,
• Jan L. Weyher and
• Bartłomiej J. Jankiewicz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 552–564, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.46

• substrates were examined regarding their optical properties using UV–vis spectroscopy and regarding their morphology using scanning electron microscopy. SERS properties of the fabricated GaN/Ag substrates were evaluated by measuring SERS spectra of 4-mercaptobenzoic acid molecules adsorbed on them. For all

• morphology of fabricated Ag layers examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Then, we present the results of their optical properties determined using UV–vis spectroscopy. Finally, we compare the SERS performance of the GaN/Ag substrates toward 4-mercaptobenzoic acid (pMBA) molecules adsorbed on them

• morphology of the GaN/Ag substrates, especially at temperatures of 100 °C and above. Instead of spiky Ag nanostructures, nanostructures with irregular, but more rounded, shapes are obtained. The optical properties of the GaN/Ag substrates, determined by UV–vis spectroscopy, are affected by their morphology

Nanoarchitectonics to entrap living cells in silica-based systems: encapsulations with yolk–shell and sepiolite nanomaterials

• Celia Martín-Morales,
• Jorge Fernández-Méndez,
• Pilar Aranda and
• Eduardo Ruiz-Hitzky

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 522–534, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.43

• was re-suspended by shaking the tube or by slowly pipetting up and down with a wide-open pipette tip. Then, 1000 µL aliquot from the re-suspended cells was used to measure the absorbance at 720 nm (OD720) using a UV–vis spectrophotometer. The OD720 should be 1.3 or in the range of 1.5–1.7 for

• bright-field mode were recorded. UV–vis spectroscopic measurements were conducted on a Shimadzu UV-1201 UV–vis spectrophotometer. Macroscopic view of prepared biohybrid materials. (A–C) Sepiolite–biopolymer nanocomposites entrapping cyanobacteria (Synechococcus elongatus PCC 7942) in diverse

On the use of Raman spectroscopy to characterize mass-produced graphene nanoplatelets

• Keith R. Paton,
• Konstantinos Despotelis,
• Naresh Kumar,
• Piers Turner and
• Andrew J. Pollard

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 509–521, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.42

• and subsequently sonicated in a bath sonicator for 5 min to re-disperse the sediment. This sample is referred to as “GNPref”. The concentration of GNPref was measured using UV–vis extinction spectroscopy (Perkin-Elmer 850, PerkinElmer, UK), using a cuvette with 10 mm path length. Measuring the

• . The concentration of the resulting dispersion was measured using UV–vis spectroscopy, as described above. The dispersion was then added to the GNPref sample to produce 13 mixed GNP/sediment samples with sediment concentrations of 0.5, 1, 2, 5, 10, 25, 35, 50, 65, 75, and 90 wt %. Each mixed dispersion

The origin of black and white coloration of the Asian tiger mosquito Aedes albopictus (Diptera: Culicidae)

• Manuela Rebora,
• Gianandrea Salerno,
• Silvana Piersanti,
• Alexander Kovalev and
• Stanislav N. Gorb

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 496–508, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.41

• in the near-infrared spectral range (>900 nm) is about 2.5 times stronger than the WS1 reflection (!) and up to five times stronger (at 45° detection) than in the UV spectral range (<300 nm) (Figure 6). Pronounced specular reflection (at 45° detection) could be seen at proximal and distal

• weakest at perpendicular illumination. In UV spectral range, the light scattering has no specific trends (corresponding to, e.g., Rayleigh scattering), though absorption by molecules with aromatic groups might modulate the reflection. There are no pigments in the white scales (Figure 5d), so interference

• on the single scales structure is responsible for the reduced visible and UV (compared to near-IR) reflection. Sputter coating with Au/Pd (10 nm thickness) of the tarsal scales of Ae. albopictus (Figure 7) almost eliminates the visual difference between white and black scales. Since the scale surface

Mixed oxides with corundum-type structure obtained from recycling can seals as paint pigments: color stability

• Dienifer F. L. Horsth,
• Julia de O. Primo,
• Nayara Balaba,
• Fauze J. Anaissi and
• Carla Bittencourt

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 467–477, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.37

• characteristic Fe3+ satellites at higher binding energies (shifted by ca. 9 eV from Fe 2p3/2) [27], similar to that reported in [28]. Electronic spectroscopy In the UV–vis absorption spectrum of sample 1 (Figure 5a), the prominent band with a maximum centered at 588 nm can be attributed to the 4A2→4T2 transition

• sample 2. The spectra confirm the oxidation state 3+ in all samples (Al3+, Cr3+, and Fe3+). UV–vis absorption spectra of (a) sample 1 and (b) sample 2, both confirming the oxidation state 3+ of the coloring ions. Distribution of samples according to the hue value (h*): alumina (87.20), sample 1 (80.65

Conjugated photothermal materials and structure design for solar steam generation

• Chia-Yang Lin and
• Tsuyoshi Michinobu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 454–466, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.36

• AM1.5 standard is used in solar cell engineering with a fraction of 3% in the ultraviolet (UV) region (300–400 nm), of 45% in the visible region (400–700 nm), and of 52% in the near-infrared (NIR) and infrared region (700–2500 nm). This suggests that PTMs need to have a high absorption at wavelengths

• produced the homogeneous formation of the APDA layer on the wood surface. The APDA-coated wood sample efficiently absorbed UV–visible light to more than 96%. In addition, the NIR absorption efficiency was also improved to more than 87% (Figure 8c). SSG structure In order to obtain a high vaporization

• spectrum and UV–vis–NIR absorption spectra of the hydrogels. (Figure 7 was adapted with permission from [35], Copyright 2018 American Chemical Society). (a) Schematic illustration of the synthetic route to APDA. (b) UV–vis–NIR absorption spectra of APDA and PDA. (c) Absorption spectrum of the APDA–wood

Molecular nanoarchitectonics: unification of nanotechnology and molecular/materials science

• Katsuhiko Ariga

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 434–453, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.35

• molecules by UV light irradiation. In the process, a cycloaddition reaction occurred between one nearby C60 molecule adsorbed on the surface and the most frontal part of the polydiacetylene molecular skeleton. As a result, nanojunctions were created. Scanning tunneling microscopy proved that the C60

Plasmonic nanotechnology for photothermal applications – an evaluation

• A. R. Indhu,
• L. Keerthana and
• Gnanaprakash Dharmalingam

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 380–419, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.33

• resonances in the UV–vis–IR part of the electromagnetic spectrum are especially researched on for PT applications [13], with excellent reviews on materials for mid-IR applications [14], cancer treatment [15], antibacterial research [16], solar-driven vapour evaporation [16], solar collectors [11][17][18

• incident radiation from the sun, 8% UV, 42.4% visible light, and 49.6% infrared radiation reach the earth's surface. Applications such as steam generation from solar power can evidently benefit from the use of materials that can absorb as much as possible of the entire spectrum of solar radiation. In this

• , specifically in the UV–vis range (as infrared is already applied for heating), efficient of conversion of the absorbed energy into heat (in contrast to scattering), chemical and physical stability of the nanoparticles (e.g., against agglomeration), ease of synthesis, and low cost. Coinage metals, such as Au

Quercetin- and caffeic acid-functionalized chitosan-capped colloidal silver nanoparticles: one-pot synthesis, characterization, and anticancer and antibacterial activities

• Akif Hakan Kurt,
• Elif Berna Olutas,
• Fatma Avcioglu,
• Hamza Karakuş,
• Mehmet Ali Sungur,
• Cansu Kara Oztabag and
• Muhammet Yıldırım

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 362–376, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.31

• characterization of quercetin- and caffeic acid-functionalized chitosan-capped colloidal silver nanoparticles (Ch/Q- and Ch/CA-Ag NPs), and their antibacterial and anticancer activities. The formation of Ch/Q- and Ch/CA-Ag NPs has been confirmed by ultraviolet–visible (UV–vis) spectroscopy, Fourier-transform

• colloidal core Ag NPs, was confirmed by UV–vis, and FTIR analyses, and monitored by TEM microscopy. The size of nanoparticles has been determined as 11.2 and 10.3 nm for Ch/Q- and Ch/CA-Ag, respectively. The anticancer activity of Ch/Q- and Ch/CA-Ag NPs has been evaluated against U-118 MG (human

• first time the one-pot synthesis of Ch/Q- and Ch/CA-Ag NPs and their biological properties (anticancer and antibacterial). Ag NPs have been prepared and characterized by UV–vis, FTIR, and TEM measurements. In another study of ours, Lomustine, a common drug against glioblastoma cancer, was applied at a

The steep road to nonviral nanomedicines: Frequent challenges and culprits in designing nanoparticles for gene therapy

• Yao Yao,
• Yeongun Ko,
• Grant Grasman,
• Jeffery E. Raymond and
• Joerg Lahann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 351–361, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.30

• may arise from strong associations between carrier and payload [57]. Without careful deconvolution, the scattering signal from a particulate analyte can readily result in a high bias that compromises UV–vis-based analyses. Ambiguity can further be enhanced in fluorescence assays because of the

• escape. NAT are difficult to quantify if encapsulated into NP delivery carriers. The most common forms of nucleic acid measurement (i.e., UV–vis and fluorescence) provide limited insights for the characterization of NP-encapsulated NATs. Labeling and destructive methods both have drawbacks, ranging from

Polymer nanoparticles from low-energy nanoemulsions for biomedical applications

• Santiago Grijalvo and
• Carlos Rodriguez-Abreu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 339–350, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.29

• were functionalized with the monoclonal antibody F19 via carbodiimide conjugation. This approach enabled the use of ethyl cellulose nanoparticles in bioanalytical applications with the aim to detect Yersinia pestis from direct agglutination tests. Irradiation of nanoparticles under UV light favored

Bismuth-based nanostructured photocatalysts for the remediation of antibiotics and organic dyes

• Akeem Adeyemi Oladipo and
• Faisal Suleiman Mustafa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 291–321, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.26

• layer of the structure more quickly than those in a 3-D structure. It is important to note that an effective photocatalyst should have the following properties: (a) strong absorption both of UV and visible light (i.e., a suitable bandgap value, usually less than 3.0 eV); (b) thermal, chemical, and

• pH value of the effluent, the dosage of the photocatalyst, the initial concentration of the target pollutant, the dosage of oxidants, and the type of light source. To lower the overall cost of water treatment, the photocatalyst must be effective under all types of light, including direct sunlight, UV

Biocatalytic synthesis and ordered self-assembly of silica nanoparticles via a silica-binding peptide

• Mustafa Gungormus

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 280–290, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.25

• combination with NH3. The reaction kinetics were monitored via measuring the optical density (OD) with UV–vis spectroscopy and the conversion of substrate via gas chromatography coupled with mass spectroscopy (GC–MS). Size and net surface charge distribution of the particles were determined with dynamic light

• scattering (DLS). The efficiency of the self-assembly was evaluated with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), UV–vis spectroscopy, and qualitative visual demonstration. Results and Discussion SiBP alone as catalyst Reaction kinetics were studied via OD measurements of the particles and GC analysis of

• -assembly of the particles The effect of the SiBP on the self-assembly of the as-grown particles was investigated via SEM and UV–vis spectroscopy. Single-layer and multilayer assemblies were investigated by using different dilutions of the as-synthesized particles. SEM imaging showed that the particles from

Cyclodextrins as eminent constituents in nanoarchitectonics for drug delivery systems

• Makoto Komiyama

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 218–232, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.21

• nanoarchitectures through the isomerization of azobenzene Azobenzene isomerizes upon UV irradiation (around 300 nm) from the trans form to the cis form [47]. The reverse isomerization (from cis to trans) is accomplishable by light with longer wavelength (e.g., 400 nm). This isomerization is a notable structural

• units [48]. Prior to photoirradiation, azobenzene takes the trans form, and is included into the cavity of α-CyD to form nanoparticles. Upon irradiation with UV light, however, azobenzene isomerizes to the cis form, leading to the breakdown of the inclusion complex with α-CyD. Thus, the nanoparticles

• endogenous glutathione, which is abundant in the cells. Upon UV irradiation, however, azobenzene isomerizes from the trans form to the cis form and spontaneously dissociates from β-CyD. As a result, the disulfide linkage becomes more exposed and is reductively cleaved by glutathione. Thus, the mesopore is

Concentration-dependent photothermal conversion efficiency of gold nanoparticles under near-infrared laser and broadband irradiation

• Vikas,
• Raj Kumar and
• Sanjeev Soni

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 205–217, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.20

• -dependent spectral absorbance of GNSs of 40 nm diameter and GNRs with sizes of 25 × 47 nm, 10 × 38 nm, and 10 × 41 nm measured by using a UV–vis spectrophotometer (UV-3200, Labindia Instruments Pvt. Ltd.) is shown in Figure 4. The measured peak absorbance wavelength of the GNPs is in agreement with the

Structural, optical, and bioimaging characterization of carbon quantum dots solvothermally synthesized from o-phenylenediamine

• Zoran M. Marković,
• Milica D. Budimir,
• Martin Danko,
• Dušan D. Milivojević,
• Pavel Kubat,
• Danica Z. Zmejkoski,
• Vladimir B. Pavlović,
• Marija M. Mojsin,
• Milena J. Stevanović and
• Biljana M. Todorović Marković

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 165–174, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.17

• nm (Figure S1c,d in Supporting Information File 1). Figure 1 shows the surface morphology of neat PU and a CQDs/PU sample. The RMS roughness values of these samples are 4.45 and 14.04 nm, respectively. FTIR, UV–vis, and PL spectra of CQDs and CQDs/PU To study the chemical and optical properties of

• CQDs, FTIR, UV–vis, and PL spectra were measured. A FTIR spectrum of the CQDs is presented in Figure S2a (Supporting Information File 1). The spectrum contains many peaks associated with the following bonds: Peaks at 3634 and 3448 cm−1 stem from O–H stretching vibrations. A peak at 3367 cm−1 could be

• CQDs prepared from o-phenylenediamine showed the presence of sp2 domains predominantly in the carbon core structure of the CQDs, which contributed to the formation of polyaniline fluorophores [31]. Figure S2b (Supporting Information File 1) shows a UV–vis spectrum of CQDs. We can observe that the

Antimicrobial and mechanical properties of functionalized textile by nanoarchitectured photoinduced Ag@polymer coating

• Jessica Plé,
• Marine Dabert,
• Helene Lecoq,
• Sophie Hellé,
• Lydie Ploux and
• Lavinia Balan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 95–109, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.11

• photoinduced approach was investigated for textile functionalization with a silver@polymer self-assembled nanocomposite. By exposing the photosensitive formulation containing a silver precursor, a photoinitiator, and acrylic monomers to a UV source, highly reflective metallic coatings were obtained directly on

• photosensitive formulation was applied to a cotton textile with an abyko-drive applicator (calibrated bar coater). The resulting smooth sample was then irradiated under UV light (600 mW/cm2) to obtain the final Ag@polymer textile material, with a coating thickness of 100 µm, measured with a Mitutoyo digital

• micrometer. Figure 1 shows images of the as-synthesized samples with and without AgNPs for the PEG600DA polymer and PEG600DA/PETIA copolymer matrixes coated onto cotton fabric. Optical and morphological properties UV–vis spectroscopy was initially carried out on glass-coated Ag@PEG600DA or Ag@PEG600DA/PETIA