Development of Protium heptaphyllum essential oil-loaded nanocapsules: experimental design and biological activity

• Debora Freitas Silva,
• Kaidy Giselle Orellana,
• Allessya Lara Dantas Formiga,
• Jin Wang,
• Eloisa Helena de Aguiar Andrade,
• Aline Collares Valente Pinheiro,
• Maria Izabel de Jesus,
• Francisco Canindé Ferreira de Luna,
• Wallax Augusto Silva Ferreira,
• Edivaldo Herculano Correa de Oliveira,
• Francisco Humberto Xavier Junior,
• Emmanuel Abraham Ho and
• Marcele Fonseca Passos

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 974–990, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.67

• controls. Additionally, cytokine profiling by cytometric bead array indicated an anti-inflammatory profile, with strong suppression of IL-6 and selective increases in IL-2, IL-4, and TNF-α at higher doses (6 mg/mL) in nanocapsule-treated fibroblasts. Overall, these findings demonstrate that

• increased solubility and lipophilicity [52]. These combined effects provide a mechanistic rationale for the moderate but significant improvement in keratinocyte migration observed with the nanocapsule treatment. Cytokine dosage by cytometric bead array The cytometric bead array (CBA) results showed that P

• , Kitchener, Canada) with a 5× objective. The scratch closure rate was analyzed by measuring the initial and final wound area using ImageJ software. Scratch closure percentage was calculated according to Equation 3: Cytokine quantification by cytometric bead array (CBA) Human fibroblast MRC-5 cells were

Materials challenges in solid-state sensors for continuous monitoring of ions in water

• Maryam Darestani-Farahani and
• Peter Kruse

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 935–973, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.66

Light-driven ammonia electrooxidation via carbon nitride–ruthenium molecular interfaces

• Jan Holub and
• Pablo Jiménez-Calvo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 854–862, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.61

• geometrically regular array of π-stacking sites that can accommodate the flat pyrene anchor in a defined orientation, maximising electronic coupling between the catalyst and the semiconductor. Covalent and non-covalent bonding are not competing alternatives but complementary tools. Covalent anchoring

Cross-scale design of chemosensor arrays: from molecular self-assembly in water to paper-based devices for metal ion detection

• Yui Sasaki and
• Tsuyoshi Minami

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 828–838, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.59

• solid-state chemosensor array devices based on nanotechnologies. In practical chemosensor designs, dynamic covalent bonds between catechol and phenylboronic acid derivatives have been employed to provide a versatile strategy for the spontaneous preparation of chemosensor elements without extensive

• (e.g., smartphones, digital cameras, and flatbed scanners) [21][30]. Approaches using paper substrates as solid supports for chemosensor array devices enable on-site analysis without using stationary laboratory facilities. Previous reviews have discussed chemosensors for metal ions [6][7][8][9

• potential of self-assembled chemosensors and their arrays for simultaneous detection of metal ions in solution states, the concept is expanded to a paper-based chemosensor array device [20]. In this perspective, we introduce the new concept “cross-scale design”, defined as an approach connecting molecular

Restorative potential of laser-synthesized silver nanoparticles with Salvia officinalis for periodontal disease treatment: an in vitro study

• Jelena Filipović Tričković,
• Sanja Živković,
• Bojana Ilić,
• Miloš Tošić,
• Jelena Marinković,
• Ana Valenta Šobot and
• Miloš Momčilović

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 781–795, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.55

• chromatography (HPLC) with a diode array detector. Phenolic acids were selected according to literature data regarding biologically active sage constituents that possess reducing and stabilizing roles in AgNP formation [21][22][23][24][25]. A series of phenolic acids standard solutions (Merck, Darmstadt, Germany

afspm: A framework for manufacturer-agnostic automation in scanning probe microscopy

• Nicholas J. Sullivan,
• Julio J. Valdés,
• Kirk H. Bevan and
• Peter Grutter

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 653–667, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.45

• 2D scans collected during a single scanning event, where each scan corresponds to a channel saved. The 1D spectroscopy structure holds a one-dimensional array of values collected at a single xy position within the scan region. Both the scan and spectroscopy data structures are expected to be read

Synthesis of Cu–Mo/TiO₂ and Co–Mo/TiO₂ photocatalysts for the efficient degradation of organic pollutants in water

• Ilse Acosta,
• Brenda Zermeño,
• Edgar Moctezuma,
• Luis F. Garay-Rodríguez and
• Isaías Juárez-Ramírez

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 559–570, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.37

• the reaction samples was carried out with a Thermo Scientific Surveyor instrument equipped with a photodiode array UV–vis detector. An Agilent Eclipse XDB-C-18 column (4.6 mm × 150 mm, 3.5 μm) was used to separate unreacted ketoprofen and intermediate organic reaction products. The mobile phase

Defects and defect-mediated engineering of two-dimensional materials: challenges and open questions

• Arkady V. Krasheninnikov,
• Matthias Batzill,
• Anouar-Akacha Delenda,
• Marija Drndić,
• Chris Ewels,
• Katharina J. Franke,
• Mahdi Ghorbani-Asl,
• Alexander Holleitner,
• Ado Jorio,
• Ute Kaiser,
• Daria Kieczka,
• Hannu-Pekka Komsa,
• Jani Kotakoski,
• Manuel Längle,
• David Lamprecht,
• Yun Liu,
• Steven G. Louie,
• Janina Maultzsch,
• Thomas Michely,
• Katherine Milton,
• Anna Niggas,
• Hanako Okuno,
• Joshua A. Robinson,
• Marika Schleberger,
• Bruno Schuler,
• Alexander Shluger,
• Kazu Suenaga,
• Kristian S. Thygesen,
• Richard A. Wilhelm,
• E. Harriet Åhlgren and
• Carla Bittencourt

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 454–488, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.31

Ferroelectric nanodot reservoir for neuromorphic computing

• Anna Razumnaya,
• Yuri Tikhonov,
• Dmitrii Naidenko,
• Léo Boron,
• Valerii Vinokur and
• Igor Lukyanchuk

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 352–364, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.24

• two continuous conductive plates, with a dielectric filler possibly present between adjacent units. Both configurations presented in Figure 1 can be described as an array of capacitors connected in parallel, where each nanodot represents an individual binary unit i with a specific polarization

• , ensuring that the internal electric field across each nanodot, E = −Q/ε0εfS, is uniform. Here ±Qe is the externally applied charge and S = ΣiSi is the total electrode area. The condition of the uniformly constant electric field throughout the array is a crucial feature for simultaneous control of

• elements enables rich spatiotemporal dynamics. We illustrate this behavior by simulating a square N2 = 16 × 16 ferroelectric nanodot array arranged in a square lattice, as shown in Figure 5. Each nanodot in the array shares the same geometry but differs in its coercive field Ec,i, which is randomly

Advancing nanolithography: a comprehensive review of materials for local anodic oxidation with AFM

• Matteo Lorenzoni

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 275–291, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.19

• AFM topography and cross-sectional views of an array of oxide masks (top) and their corresponding etched silicon nanowires (bottom). Panel (e) adapted from [42], with the permission of AIP Publishing. This content is not subject to CC BY4.0. Examples of oxide nanostructures fabricated by local anodic

• oxidation. (a) AFM topography of an array of single oxide dots produced on a 6H-SiC surface at 40% relative humidity using voltage pulses from 0.1 to 30 s at 10 V. Adapted from [34], with the permission of AIP Publishing. This content is not subject to CC BY4.0. (b) Cross-sectional profile and AFM

Multilayered hyperbolic Au/TiO₂ nanostructures for enhancing the nonlinear response around the epsilon-near-zero point

• Fernando Arturo Araiza-Sixtos,
• Mauricio Gomez-Robles,
• Rafael Salas-Montiel and
• Raúl Rangel-Rojo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2026, 17, 251–261, doi:10.3762/bjnano.17.17

• layered Ag/TiO2 and determined via spectroscopy that its ENZ point laid within the visible spectrum [7]. Since then, a wide array of layered metal–dielectric configurations have been demonstrated, including silver-based combinations such as Ag/SiO2 [1], Ag/Al2O3 [6], Ag/LiF [8], Ag/TiO2 [9], Ag/Ge [10

• [20]. Work has also expanded into complex geometries, such as hybrid metal–dielectric layered pyramids [10], AZO nanotrenches for molecular absorption sensing [4], and the first nanowire array exhibiting hyperbolic properties with negative refraction at 780 nm [21]. Previously, our group has studied

Terahertz-range on-chip local oscillator based on Josephson junction arrays for superconducting quantum-limited receivers

• Fedor V. Khan,
• Lyudmila V. Filippenko,
• Andrey B. Ermakov,
• Mikhail Yu. Fominsky and
• Valery P. Koshelets

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2296–2305, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.158

• influence of array geometry, the presence of a matched load at the nonradiating edge, and the magnitude of the tunneling current density of Josephson junctions on such oscillator characteristics as radiation power, linewidth, and operating range are discussed. Various options are suggested for further

• of robust Nb-based technologies, whereas the electrodes of the transmission lines where the junctions are implemented can be fabricated using Nb compounds. In a work by Uzawa et al. the generation of up to 800 GHz was observed [29]. When a JJ array is properly matched to the load, its radiation power

• linearly increases with the number of synchronized junctions N, while the emission linewidth linearly decreases [30][31]. Moreover, if reflections from the ends of the array are suppressed (e.g., by using a matched load), standing waves and resonances should no longer occur. It should be noted that if the

Chiral plasmonic nanostructures fabricated with circularly polarized light

• Tian Qiao and
• Ming Lee Tang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2245–2264, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.154

Optical bio/chemical sensors for vitamin B₁₂ analysis in food and pharmaceuticals: state of the art, challenges, and future outlooks

• Seyed Mohammad Taghi Gharibzahedi and
• Zeynep Altintas

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2207–2244, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.153

• different food and pharma formulations include high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) [14], HPLC coupled with inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) [15], and a diode array detector [16], atomic absorption spectroscopy [17], surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy [18][19], capillary

Electromagnetic study of a split-ring resonator metamaterial with cold-electron bolometers

• Ekaterina A. Matrozova,
• Alexander V. Chiginev,
• Leonid S. Revin and
• Andrey L. Pankratov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2199–2206, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.152

• number of array elements is proposed. The design with a 37-element array demonstrates an increase in power absorption by a factor of 1.4 compared to the original 19-element single-ring array, as well as an increase in operating bandwidth from 160 to 820 GHz. Keywords: cold-electron bolometer

• CEBs, operating in a broad frequency range [17]. In that work, each element represented a ring antenna with two embedded CEBs connected parallel in DC, whereas the antennas in the array were connected in series. In the present work, we propose and numerically investigate a new design of a CEB

• incident from the H11 mode of the round waveguide port located behind the Si lens, simulating a realistic excitation source. The electric field of the incident wave is directed perpendicularly to the gaps in the receiving elements. The signal is received by an array of the proposed ring resonators. Two

Toward clinical translation of carbon nanomaterials in anticancer drug delivery: the need for standardisation

• Michał Bartkowski,
• Francesco Calzaferri and
• Silvia Giordani

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2092–2104, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.144

• delivery systems (DDSs); nanocarriers; quality control (QC); Introduction Nanomaterials Nanomaterials (NMs) have an extensive array of various properties and applications across many industries, including the biomedical, health care, food/agriculture, industrial, environmental, electronic, and renewable

Multifrequency AFM integrating PeakForce tapping and higher eigenmodes for heterogeneous surface characterization

• Yanping Wei,
• Jiafeng Shen,
• Yirong Yao,
• Xuke Li,
• Ming Li and
• Peiling Ke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2077–2085, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.142

• heterogeneous nanomaterials while significantly simplifying the requirements for probe selection, which are typically necessary for material differentiation via the standard PeakForce tapping method. This innovation enhances the technique’s practicality and extends compatibility to a wider array of probe types

Molecular and mechanical insights into gecko seta adhesion: multiscale simulations combining molecular dynamics and the finite element method

• Yash Jain,
• Saeed Norouzi,
• Tobias Materzok,
• Stanislav N. Gorb and
• Florian Müller-Plathe

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2055–2076, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.141

Beyond the shell: exploring polymer–lipid interfaces in core–shell nanofibers to carry hyaluronic acid and β-caryophyllene

• Aline Tavares da Silva Barreto,
• Francisco Alexandrino-Júnior,
• Bráulio Soares Arcanjo,
• Paulo Henrique de Souza Picciani and
• Kattya Gyselle de Holanda e Silva

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2015–2033, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.139

• various biomedical applications [28][29]. Complementing the regenerative and biocompatible profile of HA, β-caryophyllene (βCp) is another critical component of significant pharmaceutical potential. Among the array of attributes exhibited by βCp, it notably possesses potent analgesic, antioxidant

Quantum circuits with SINIS structures

• Mikhail Tarasov,
• Mikhail Fominskii,
• Aleksandra Gunbina,
• Artem Krasilnikov,
• Maria Mansfeld,
• Dmitrii Kukushkin,
• Andrei Maruhno,
• Valeria Ievleva,
• Mikhail Strelkov,
• Daniil Zhogov,
• Konstantin Arutyunov,
• Vyacheslav Vdovin,
• Vladislav Stolyarov and
• Valerian Edelman

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1931–1941, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.134

• a physical temperature of 0.26 K. The array structure was mounted in back-to-back horn matching structure with an optimum for 95 GHz and corresponding quasi-optical band-pass filters (Figure 9). I–V curves and dynamic resistances are presented in Figure 10a. The resistance ratio is 46, which

• responsivity up to 109 V·W−1, array of NIS thermometers provide sensitivity down to 10 µK, electron coolers can reduce the electron temperature of a normal metal absorber from 280 mK down to 100 mK, and the SINIS receiver for a frequency of 95 GHz was installed on the BTA telescope and tested at a temperature

• series array. (a) Schematic view of a thermometer with a chain of 20 NIS junctions and SEM images of thermometers made by (b) Manhattan technology and (c) magnetron sputtering with separate lithography technology. (a) Ratio of resistance at zero bias to the asymptotic resistance using Equation 7

Multifunctional anionic nanoemulsion with linseed oil and lecithin: a preliminary approach for dry eye disease

• Niédja Fittipaldi Vasconcelos,
• Almerinda Agrelli,
• Rayane Cristine Santos da Silva,
• Carina Lucena Mendes-Marques,
• Isabel Renata de Souza Arruda,
• Priscilla Stela Santana de Oliveira,
• Mércia Liane de Oliveira and
• Giovanna Machado

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1711–1733, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.120

• - and bilayers) form due to the diverse array of fatty acids in lecithin, the positioning and unsaturation of which are not provided by the manufacturer. Therefore, experimental tests on lecithin concentration are necessary to achieve a monolayer, nanometric, uniform, and stable micellar structural

Transient electronics for sustainability: Emerging technologies and future directions

• Jae-Young Bae,
• Myung-Kyun Choi and
• Seung-Kyun Kang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1545–1556, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.109

• the clinical utility of such systems. Notably, devices based on biodegradable shape memory materials can be compactly delivered through narrow anatomical pathways and subsequently recover their functional form in vivo. A prominent example is a large-area transient electrocorticography array that

• include materials with diverse bandgap properties remains a key challenge as it would enable wavelength-specific and electrically optimized device designs across a wide array of applications, including sensors, radio frequency (RF) devices, energy harvesters, and optoelectronic systems. For instance, low

Laser processing in liquids: insights into nanocolloid generation and thin film integration for energy, photonic, and sensing applications

• Akshana Parameswaran Sreekala,
• Pooja Raveendran Nair,
• Jithin Kundalam Kadavath,
• Bindu Krishnan,
• David Avellaneda Avellaneda,
• M. R. Anantharaman and
• Sadasivan Shaji

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1428–1498, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.104

Better together: biomimetic nanomedicines for high performance tumor therapy

• Imran Shair Mohammad,
• Gizem Kursunluoglu,
• Anup Kumar Patel,
• Hafiz Muhammad Ishaq,
• Cansu Umran Tunc,
• Dilek Kanarya,
• Mubashar Rehman,
• Omer Aydin and
• Yin Lifang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1246–1276, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.92

• inspired coatings derived from cell membranes with nanoparticle cores, these carriers become highly versatile vessels for encapsulating a wide array of therapeutic agents. As a result, they are being extensively harnessed for the precise delivery of drugs and genes, underpinning numerous biomedical

Soft materials nanoarchitectonics: liquid crystals, polymers, gels, biomaterials, and others

• Katsuhiko Ariga

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1025–1067, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.77

• nanotechnology and materials sciences, encompassing a vast array of disciplines. These include, but are not limited to, both hard and soft materials. The research objectives and applications of nanoarchitectonics are diverse. The term “nanoarchitectonics” has been used in the titles of numerous publications

• other materials into layers [255][256][257][258][259]. Polymer materials are of significant value as components of soft materials, and can be employed in the creation of a vast array of structures. The following section will present examples of research into polymer-based soft materials