Preparation of alginate–chitosan–cyclodextrin micro- and nanoparticles loaded with anti-tuberculosis compounds

• Albert Ivancic,
• Fliur Macaev,
• Fatma Aksakal,
• Veaceslav Boldescu,
• Serghei Pogrebnoi and
• Gheorghe Duca

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1208–1218, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.112

• 17,20-lyase and have been suggested to be useful in clinical situations requiring the suppression of androgen production, such as the treatment of hormone-dependent prostatic cancer [26]. Moreover, this group has been discovered to be inhibitors of aromatase, 4-hydroxyandrostenedione and

High antiviral effect of TiO₂·PL–DNA nanocomposites targeted to conservative regions of (−)RNA and (+)RNA of influenza A virus in cell culture

• Asya S. Levina,
• Marina N. Repkova,
• Elena V. Bessudnova,
• Ekaterina I. Filippova,
• Natalia A. Mazurkova and
• Valentina F. Zarytova

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1166–1173, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.108

• infectious, hereditary, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases is an important task of modern medicine and pharmacology. The selective recognition of molecular targets by NA-based therapeutics may minimize negative side effects compared to conventional pharmaceuticals that typically have less specificity

Multiwalled carbon nanotube hybrids as MRI contrast agents

• Nikodem Kuźnik and
• Mateusz M. Tomczyk

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1086–1103, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.102

• carbon nanotubes (CNT) drug and genetic material delivery, immunotherapy or photothermal cancer therapy [1][2]. The 'quantum leap' [3] of bionanomaterials has also affected magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This technique, which has already matured into a basic diagnostic tool in medicine, has an edge

• period, is consistent with the abovementioned toxicity studies. Cytotoxicity and hemolysis Cytotoxicity of the nanohybrids was studied on various cell types (HeLa, HEK 293, human prostate cancer cells PC3, fibroblasts and others) and a general conclusion is the dose-dependent trend. However, the

• in the T2-weighted technique. There, darkening of the image was observed. A similar approach was taken to assess the contrast effect on the cells, where darkening of the image caused by the MWCNT hybrids was recorded in reference to untreated cells. Cancer cells exhibited from 9 up to over 100

A terahertz-vibration to terahertz-radiation converter based on gold nanoobjects: a feasibility study

• Kamil Moldosanov and
• Andrei Postnikov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 983–989, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.90

• sources is apparent in the areas of application such as early cancer diagnostics, nondestructive inspection of pharmaceutical tablets, visualization of concealed objects. We outline the operation principle and suggest the design of a simple appliance for generating terahertz radiation by a system of

• face grave challenges. This hinders the creation of devices that can be a priori expected to open new fields of application, notably in medicine (non-invasive early diagnosis of cancer) and security (detection of concealed goods). The development of novel THz generation and detection methods, not

• radiation might be hopefully created, which would find applications, e.g., for the study of biological objects (cancer diagnostics) and/or for detection of concealed objects. The further studies of underlying physics may have impact on applications as well as on research of interactions of electrons with

Tight junction between endothelial cells: the interaction between nanoparticles and blood vessels

• Yue Zhang and
• Wan-Xi Yang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 675–684, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.60

• easily find them in, e.g., cosmetics [1], food additives [2], industrial process [3] and, especially, in medical therapy [4] and diagnostics [5]. In light of medical therapy, NPs have shown their extraordinary potential in cancer chemotherapeutics [6] and drug delivery systems [7], which successfully

• defeat some of the drawbacks in traditional cancer chemotherapy (such as multidrug resistance (MDR) in tumors [6]). They can be modified to enhance the specificity of tumor therapy. Admittedly, no scientist could ignore its prominent latent prospect, but meanwhile numerous researches show their concerns

• might cause the disruption of the barrier function in ovarian cancer cells [60]. Oxidative stress is also relevant for changes in the tight junction. In an experiment under oxidative stress, the expression levels of claudin-5, occludin, and claudin-2 were decreased, while the expression levels of

Unraveling the neurotoxicity of titanium dioxide nanoparticles: focusing on molecular mechanisms

• Bin Song,
• Yanli Zhang,
• Jia Liu,
• Xiaoli Feng,
• Ting Zhou and
• Longquan Shao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 645–654, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.57

• (MRC-5), concomitant with excessive MDA production [67]. After lung epithelial cancer cells (A549) were exposed to iron oxide nanoparticles, ROS production, mitochondrial impairments and autophagy were detected [68]. Autophagy in human peripheral blood monocytes can be induced by cerium dioxide

Cantilever bending based on humidity-actuated mesoporous silica/silicon bilayers

• Christian Ganser,
• Gerhard Fritz-Popovski,
• Roland Morak,
• Parvin Sharifi,
• Benedetta Marmiroli,
• Barbara Sartori,
• Heinz Amenitsch,
• Thomas Griesser,
• Christian Teichert and
• Oskar Paris

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 637–644, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.56

• detect diabetes in the human breath [2] or cancer [3][4]. The measured deflection is usually very small owing to only very few molecules reaching the surface of the cantilever. In order to use similar principles for actuation purposes, a larger deflection of the cantilever must be reached. One strategy

Comparison of the interactions of daunorubicin in a free form and attached to single-walled carbon nanotubes with model lipid membranes

• Dorota Matyszewska

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 524–532, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.46

• in the treatment of various types of cancer including leukemia, breast cancer, ovarian cancer, lung carcinoma and several sarcomas (Figure 1). Its mode of action consists in the intercalation into DNA double strand, which leads to the inhibition of the process of duplication and transcription of mRNA

• as well as DNA damage by the inhibition of topoisomerase II [1][2]. However, the second mechanism involving the increased production of ceramides inside cells has been recently postulated [3]. Application of this drug in the cancer treatment is limited because of serious side effects including drug

• transport daunorubicin to cancer cells [5]. Drug delivery systems are aimed at providing enhanced transport of therapeutic agents directly to the targeted organs and tissues, which enables the elimination or significant decrease in the side effects of a drug. One of the most common type of drug nanocarriers

Early breast cancer screening using iron/iron oxide-based nanoplatforms with sub-femtomolar limits of detection

• Dinusha N. Udukala,
• Hongwang Wang,
• Sebastian O. Wendel,
• Aruni P. Malalasekera,
• Thilani N. Samarakoon,
• Asanka S. Yapa,
• Gayani Abayaweera,
• Matthew T. Basel,
• Pamela Maynez,
• Raquel Ortega,
• Yubisela Toledo,
• Leonie Bossmann,
• Colette Robinson,
• Katharine E. Janik,
• Olga B. Koper,
• Ping Li,
• Massoud Motamedi,
• Daniel A. Higgins,
• Gary Gadbury,
• Gaohong Zhu,
• Deryl L. Troyer and
• Stefan H. Bossmann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 364–373, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.33

• is a vital strategy for early cancer detection. Water-dispersable Fe/Fe3O4-core/shell based nanoplatforms for protease detection are capable of detecting protease activity down to sub-femtomolar limits of detection. They feature one dye (tetrakis(carboxyphenyl)porphyrin (TCPP)) that is tethered to

• the central nanoparticle by means of a protease-cleavable consensus sequence and a second dye (Cy 5.5) that is directly linked. Based on the protease activities of urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA), MMPs 1, 2, 3, 7, 9, and 13, as well as CTS B and L, human breast cancer can be detected at stage I

• by means of a simple serum test. By monitoring CTS B and L stage 0 detection may be achieved. This initial study, comprised of 46 breast cancer patients and 20 apparently healthy human subjects, demonstrates the feasibility of protease-activity-based liquid biopsies for early cancer diagnosis

Functional fusion of living systems with synthetic electrode interfaces

• Oskar Staufer,
• Sebastian Weber,
• C. Peter Bengtson,
• Hilmar Bading,
• Joachim P. Spatz and
• Amin Rustom

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 296–301, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.27

• Oskar Staufer Sebastian Weber C. Peter Bengtson Hilmar Bading Joachim P. Spatz Amin Rustom Max-Planck Institute for Intelligent Systems, Department of New Materials and Biosystems, Heisenbergstraße 3, D-70569 Stuttgart, Germany German Cancer Research Center, DKFZ Life Science Lab, Im Neuenheimer

Simultaneous cancer control and diagnosis with magnetic nanohybrid materials

• Reza Saadat and
• Franz Renz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 121–125, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.14

• detect cancer tissue with radiopharmaceuticals. By substitution of the Ga isotope with an alpha emitter the same compound could be used for cancer treatment. Furthermore the nanoparticles were connected to pH-sensitive complexes, enabling a pH-controlled assembly/disassembly and therefore the spreading

• complexes in order to use them as a new type of radiopharmaceuticals. Keywords: biocompatible nanoparticles; cancer control; cancer diagnosis; magnetite nanoparticles; positron emission tomography; Introduction In the field of diagnostic investigation of metabolic diseases imaging methods based on

• environment such as the one present in the cancer cell (Figure 1) [7][12]. Equipped with an alpha emitter [14], they could initiate an apoptosis of the tumor cells. This procedure may allow for combining diagnosis and therapy for cancer diseases. Results and Discussion We synthesized magnetite nanoparticles

Controlled graphene oxide assembly on silver nanocube monolayers for SERS detection: dependence on nanocube packing procedure

• Martina Banchelli,
• Bruno Tiribilli,
• Roberto Pini,
• Luigi Dei,
• Paolo Matteini and
• Gabriella Caminati

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 9–21, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.2

• ], optoelectronics [3], energy-harvesting applications [4], cancer imaging and therapy [5], sensing and biosensing applications [6][7]. In particular, sensors based on arrays of noble metal nanoparticles have become increasingly popular for the ultrasensitive detection of a variety of species ranging from small

Chemiresistive/SERS dual sensor based on densely packed gold nanoparticles

• Sanda Boca,
• Cosmin Leordean,
• Simion Astilean and
• Cosmin Farcau

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2498–2503, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.259

• folic acid molecules. Folic acid is a low molecular weight vitamin compound, which has been shown to be an effective targeting vector of various cancer cell lines which over-express folate receptors [7]. It also proved to be an effective capping ligand for linking onto various polymer backbones or

Nanoinformatics for environmental health and biomedicine

• Rong Liu and
• Yoram Cohen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2449–2451, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.253

• for brain cancer [13]. As an imported aspect of nanoinformatics, recent advances in data mining/machine learning of nano-data are also reported in this Thematic Series. In one study, the toxicity of ZnO nanoparticles to zebrafish (measured by mortality rate (%)) was correlated to two principal

Application of biclustering of gene expression data and gene set enrichment analysis methods to identify potentially disease causing nanomaterials

• Andrew Williams and
• Sabina Halappanavar

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2438–2448, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.252

• obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or lung cancer) in mice using the whole genome gene expression tools were obtained from GEO. For each study, raw data were downloaded from GEO and normalized as described in the methods below. Biological replicates for each of the experimental conditions were averaged. All

• -benzofuran (BFUR)) (GSE6116), a model for human small cell lung carcinoma, spontaneous lung tumor and cigarette smoke-induced emphysema (GSE8790). Many of the gene symbols found in this bicluster are transcription factors involved in the gene expression regulation and are associated with one form of cancer

• lung inflammation models, emphysema, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and experiments studying lung cancer and lung tumors. Several different microarray platforms including the Illumina expression beadchip were used in these studies. The analysis was restricted to lung disease models since

Green and energy-efficient methods for the production of metallic nanoparticles

• Mitra Naghdi,
• Mehrdad Taheran,
• Satinder K. Brar,
• M. Verma,
• R. Y. Surampalli and
• J. R. Valero

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2354–2376, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.243

• , surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) detection and catalysis of chemical reactions. Furthermore, biocompatible and functionalized NPs have applications in diagnosis and treatment of cancer. For these two purposes, fluorescent and magnetic nanocrystals for detection of tumors and also nanosystems for

• concentrations than metallic NPs and they show remarkable antimicrobial activity [55]. In another study, they found that Ag– and Au–DAPHP have potential applications in treatment of angiogenesis accelerated disorders, such as cancer and inflammatory diseases [71]. Cai et al. used the nanoporous structure of

• preventive or protective properties with regard to human health. They are not essential for the human body to survive but they can act as antioxidant, enzyme stimulator, or antibacterial agent, and they can interfere with DNA to prevent the multiplication of cancer cells. Researchers found that several

Silica-coated upconversion lanthanide nanoparticles: The effect of crystal design on morphology, structure and optical properties

• Uliana Kostiv,
• Miroslav Šlouf,
• Hana Macková,
• Alexander Zhigunov,
• Hana Engstová,
• Katarína Smolková,
• Petr Ježek and
• Daniel Horák

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2290–2299, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.235

• structure. The pure hexagonal phase was obtained at reaction temperatures ≥ 350 °C and annealing times above 1 h. To generate free radicals such as singlet oxygen (destructive to cancer cells) in biological experiments, the nanoparticles should emit photons at 660 nm to excite phthalocyanine, a typical

Au nanoparticle-based sensor for apomorphine detection in plasma

• Chiara Zanchi,
• Andrea Lucotti,
• Matteo Tommasini,
• Sebastiano Trusso,
• Ugo de Grazia,
• Emilio Ciusani and
• Paolo M. Ossi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2224–2232, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.228

• effectively used to detect specific analytes of biomedical interest [13][14][15][16]. They can also reveal subtle chemical differences in samples from controls and from patients for specific cancer types [17]. Nanofabricated plasmonic substrates bear interesting perspectives for the detection of low

Conformational switching of ethano-bridged Cu,H₂-bis-porphyrin induced by aromatic amines

• Simona Bettini,
• Emanuela Maglie,
• Rosanna Pagano,
• Victor Borovkov,
• Yoshihisa Inoue,
• Ludovico Valli and
• Gabriele Giancane

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2154–2160, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.221

• promoting the formation of cancer cells [15]. Aromatic amine sensors with different transduction methods have also been developed [16][17][18][19]. In the present work, a copper, free-base bis-porphyrin complex of ethano-bridged bis-porphyrin (shown in the Figure 2), herewith named Cu,H2-Por2, was

Development of a novel nanoindentation technique by utilizing a dual-probe AFM system

• Eyup Cinar,
• Ferat Sahin and
• Dalia Yablon

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2015–2027, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.205

• application of nanoindentation is to determine the mechanical properties of cells which may be of critical importance for progressive diseases such as cancer or vascular diseases [1]. A recently published work by Guz et al. also investigates nanoindentation experiments on cell mechanics and proposes new

Predicting cytotoxicity of PAMAM dendrimers using molecular descriptors

• David E. Jones,
• Hamidreza Ghandehari and
• Julio C. Facelli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1886–1896, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.192

• techniques can be used for the development of predictive models of the cytotoxicity of poly(amido amine) (PAMAM) dendrimers using their chemical and structural properties. We present predictive models developed using 103 PAMAM dendrimer cytotoxicity values that were extracted from twelve cancer nanomedicine

• scaffold structures, they have been demonstrated to be suitable carriers for a number of diverse bioactive agents, improving the solubility and bioavailability of poorly soluble ones [14][15]. These particular nanoparticles are also promising for use in the treatment of cancer, including oral formulations

Nanocuration workflows: Establishing best practices for identifying, inputting, and sharing data to inform decisions on nanomaterials

• Christina M. Powers,
• Karmann A. Mills,
• Stephanie A. Morris,
• Fred Klaessig,
• Sharon Gaheen,
• Nastassja Lewinski and
• Christine Ogilvie Hendren

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1860–1871, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.189

• , NC 27711, USA Currently: Office of Transportation and Air Quality, Office of Air Quality, 2000 Traverwood Rd, Ann Arbor, MI 48105, USA RTI International, 3040 Cornwallis Rd., Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA Office of Cancer Nanotechnology Research, National Cancer Institute/NIH, 31 Center Drive

• , Bethesda, MD 20892, USA Pennsylvania Bio Nano Systems, LLC, 69 Homestead Drive, Doylestown, PA 18901, USA Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, 8560 Progress Drive, Frederick, MD 21702, USA Department of Chemical and Life Science Engineering, Virginia

• in order to describe current practices. Articles in this series are developed by the Nanomaterials Data Curation Initiative (NDCI), which is part of the National Cancer Informatics Program Nanotechnology Working Group [1]. Other articles in this series discuss several key aspects of nanocuration

Optimized design of a nanostructured SPCE-based multipurpose biosensing platform formed by ferrocene-tethered electrochemically-deposited cauliflower-shaped gold nanoparticles

• Wicem Argoubi,
• Maroua Saadaoui,
• Sami Ben Aoun and
• Noureddine Raouafi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1840–1852, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.187

• . prepared a nanocomposite consisting of reduced graphene oxide hybridized with electrochemically co-reduced gold nanoparticles and ferrocene as a sensitive immunosensor of breast cancer biomarkers [14]. Very recently, Mars et al. showed that the aggregation of gold nanoparticles through a ferrocene-based

The Nanomaterial Data Curation Initiative: A collaborative approach to assessing, evaluating, and advancing the state of the field

• Christine Ogilvie Hendren,
• Christina M. Powers,
• Mark D. Hoover and
• Stacey L. Harper

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1752–1762, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.179

• School of Chemical, Biological and Environmental Engineering, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA 10.3762/bjnano.6.179 Abstract The Nanomaterial Data Curation Initiative (NDCI), a project of the National Cancer Informatics Program Nanotechnology Working Group (NCIP NanoWG), explores the critical

• . Examples of specifically funded data repository projects include: the RTI International Nanomaterial Registry (http://www.nanomaterialregistry.org) and the National Cancer Institute (NCI) Nanotechnology Characterization Lab (http://ncl.cancer.gov). The Nanotechnology Knowledge Infrastructure (NKI), one of

• broader, but related data management effort to catalogue materials and their key characteristics [5]. Prior to the development of these efforts, the NCI established the National Cancer Informatics Program (NCIP) Nanotechnology Working Group (Nano WG) for nanomaterial researchers with a specific interest

Analyzing collaboration networks and developmental patterns of nano-enabled drug delivery (NEDD) for brain cancer

• Ying Huang,
• Jing Ma,
• Alan L. Porter,
• Seokbeom Kwon and
• Donghua Zhu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1666–1676, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.169

• research come from a global compilation of research publication information on NEDD directed at brain cancer. We derive a family of indicators that address multiple facets of research collaboration and knowledge transfer patterns. Results show that: (1) international cooperation is increasing, but

• go well beyond journal impact factors. Results offer useful technical intelligence to help researchers identify potential collaborators and to help inform R&D management and science & innovation policy for such nanotechnologies. Keywords: bibliometrics; brain cancer; collaboration network; nano

• or managers who are making strategic technical decisions regarding NEDD for brain cancer gain useful intelligence on technical and international capabilities. The research employs bibliometric, text analytic, and social network analysis methods to explore the collaboration patterns at the country