Low-temperature synthesis of carbon nanotubes on indium tin oxide electrodes for organic solar cells

• Andrea Capasso,
• Luigi Salamandra,
• Aldo Di Carlo,
• John M. Bell and
• Nunzio Motta

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2012, 3, 524–532, doi:10.3762/bjnano.3.60

• the fullerene derivative acts as an electron acceptor [6]. The holes move in the polymeric phase towards the anode, while the electrons hop along the fullerenes and eventually reach the cathode. Since the diffusion length of the exciton in the polymers is very low, recombination is highly probable

• -coated glass, which had been previously cleaned with acetone and isopropyl alcohol in ultrasonic baths. A 100 nm thick Al cathode was then thermally evaporated in high vacuum (~2 × 10−6mbar), by using a shadow mask with 3 mm wide stripes. The final device had an active area of 25 mm2. Reference cells

A facile approach to nanoarchitectured three-dimensional graphene-based Li–Mn–O composite as high-power cathodes for Li-ion batteries

• Wenyu Zhang,
• Yi Zeng,
• Chen Xu,
• Ni Xiao,
• Yiben Gao,
• Lain-Jong Li,
• Xiaodong Chen,
• Huey Hoon Hng and
• Qingyu Yan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2012, 3, 513–523, doi:10.3762/bjnano.3.59

• can help to reduce the dissolution of Mn2+ into the electrolyte, as indicated by the inductively coupled plasma (ICP) measurements, and which is mainly attributed to the large specific surface area of the graphene sheets. Keywords: cathode; graphene; Li-ion battery; lithium manganate; Introduction

• Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are considered the primary candidate as the power source for plug-in and hybrid electric vehicles [1]. Although LiCoO2 is widely used as a commercial cathode for Li-ion batteries, there are several drawbacks, including high cost and toxicity. Spinel Lithium Manganate (LMO) is

• a promising cathode material for rechargeable Li-ion batteries due to the high energy density, improved operating safety, low cost and low toxicity [2]. However, the low electrical conductivity (10−6 S·cm−1) and poor cycling performance of LMO are the main issues associated with this material [3][4

Parallel- and serial-contact electrochemical metallization of monolayer nanopatterns: A versatile synthetic tool en route to bottom-up assembly of electric nanocircuits

• Jonathan Berson,
• Assaf Zeira,
• Rivka Maoz and
• Jacob Sagiv

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2012, 3, 134–143, doi:10.3762/bjnano.3.14

• cathode [30]. Metal-on-monolayer features resulting from the serial CEP–CET process executed with a moving SFM tip were shown to correspond to the OTSeo features defined in the pattern inscription step (CEP), whereas those produced with a stamp (parallel mode) were replicas of the stamp metal features [30

• , to the target monolayer (cathode), where effective nucleation and growth of stable metal grains (following the reduction of Ag+ ions to neutral atoms) can occur only at those surface sites that bind the ions, which correspond to the carboxylic acid terminated OTSeo lines of the template nanopattern

• electrochemical rather than adhesion-promoted [32][33][34][35], involving dissolution of stamp-metal grains (anode), ionic transport through an ultrathin water film adsorbed on the metal grains, and subsequent nucleation and growth of new metal grains at the target monolayer (cathode); (ii) metal grains can

Superhydrophobic surfaces of the water bug Notonecta glauca: a model for friction reduction and air retention

• Petra Ditsche-Kuru,
• Erik S. Schneider,
• Jan-Erik Melskotte,
• Martin Brede,
• Alfred Leder and
• Wilhelm Barthlott

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 137–144, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.17

• made holder [25][36], which allowed the examination of all sides. The specimens were examined with a Cambridge Stereoscan 200 scanning electron microscope (SEM) (Cambridge Instruments Ltd., Cambridge, UK) using a tungsten cathode and accelerating voltages between 5 and 15 kV. To determine structural

Schottky junction/ohmic contact behavior of a nanoporous TiO₂ thin film photoanode in contact with redox electrolyte solutions

• Masao Kaneko,
• Hirohito Ueno and
• Junichi Nemoto

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 127–134, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.15

• materials have promising capabilities applicable for the construction of various photonic and electronic devices. In this paper, a mesoporous TiO2 thin film photoanode was soaked in an aqueous methanol solution using an O2-reducing Pt-based cathode in contact with atmospheric air on the back side. It was

• ]. The present authors have reported a cell composed of a nanoporous semiconductor photoanode and an O2-reducing cathode that can efficiently photodecompose various bio-related compounds in water [11][12]. When ammonia was present in water in contact with a nanoporous TiO2 photoanode, the semiconductor

• are transported first to the fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO, SnO2:F) conductive layer through TiO2 grain boundaries and then to the cathode reducing electron acceptor there (O2 in the present case). In a Schottky junction, under the conditions when the band structure is flat without any bending, the

Structure, morphology, and magnetic properties of Fe nanoparticles deposited onto single-crystalline surfaces

• Armin Kleibert,
• Wolfgang Rosellen,
• Mathias Getzlaff and
• Joachim Bansmann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 47–56, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.6

• beamline of the Swiss Light Source of the Paul Scherrer Institute (Villigen, Switzerland) [29]. The ACIS consists of three different stages as shown in Figure 1a: (A) the cluster aggregation part based on a hollow cathode made from the target material (here: Fe with a purity of higher than 99%), (B) a dual

• pumping stage with an oil-free roots pump (250 m3·h−1) and a turbo molecular pump (250 l·s−1) to reduce the huge amount of noble gas (Ar and He) required for the erosion process and (C) a mass-filtering unit based on an electrostatic quadrupole. The cluster material is eroded from the hollow cathode in

• negatively charged (mostly single charged) and are thus deflected in the electric field of the electrostatic quadrupole. Due to their nearly constant velocity after the expansion process in the hollow cathode, the kinetic energy of the particles is directly related to their mass allowing a separation by

Low-temperature solution growth of ZnO nanotube arrays

• Ki-Woong Chae,
• Qifeng Zhang,
• Jeong Seog Kim,
• Yoon-Ha Jeong and
• Guozhong Cao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2010, 1, 128–134, doi:10.3762/bjnano.1.15

• V was applied to the ITO substrate as cathode and a platinum plate was used as the anode. The deposition time was about 5 min. The substrate was subsequently heat-treated at 500 °C for 30 min to improve the crystallinity of the film of ZnO nanocrystallites. For the growth of ZnO nanorods, the ZnO